Feedback System How does the body sense, process and respond to changes in body conditions?

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Presentation transcript:

Feedback System How does the body sense, process and respond to changes in body conditions?

Changes in internal and external environments can lead to unbalanced conditions which leads to illness.

Receptors in different organs sense the change…

The endocrine and nervous systems process the information…

and send out hormones and neurotransmitters…

… causing other organs to respond to the change…

… to restore homeostasis!

System that monitors the output and uses it to adjust the input. Feedback System System that monitors the output and uses it to adjust the input.

Sense (Sensor) Control Center Respond (Effector) Room temperature changes, thermometer senses the change, thermostat receives the signal and turns on the furnace, which responds by restoring the temperature to the set point

Three parts of a feedback system: SENSOR - detects the change CONTROL CENTER- receives info from sensor, processes info and sends a signal to the effector EFFECTOR – responds by changing its activity

Feedback loops can be negative or positive.

Most body systems use negative feedback.

Body responds to reverse the direction of change (bring it back to the set point)

The Thermostat Analogy

The Body’s Thermostat Body Temperature Nerve Receptors Brain Muscles

Positive feedback is also possible. (But does NOT result in balance)

response to a change pushes the variable even more in the same direction (amplifies the change)

Room Temperature Thermometer Thermostat Furnace This would be room temperature increasing and the furnace turning on to increase the temperature further.

Positive feedback used when rapid change is desirable.

Childbirth Pushes fetus into birth canal > stretches it Stretch receptors Brain Oxytocin released Stimulates contractions