Analogies 1 SYNONYMS ANTONYMS OBJECT/ACTION SOURCE/PRODUCT PART/WHOLE ANIMAL/HABITAT

Analogies An analogy compares two pairs of words that are related in the same way.

shovel : dig :: pencil : write This is an analogy because shovel and dig go together in the same way that pencil and write go together. HOW TO READ THIS ANALOGY “Shovel is to dig as pencil is to write.” or “Shovel goes with dig like pencil goes with write.”

Types of analogies There are many types of analogies. Some of the types are: Synonyms, Source/Product Antonyms, Part/Whole Object/Action, Animal Habitat NOTE: Possible solutions are provided for the exercises, but there are also other correct solutions to many of the analogies.

find : discover :: begin : start Find and discover go together because they both mean the same thing. They are synonyms. Begin and start also go together because they are synonyms. SYNONYMS

right : correct :: under: _____ Complete this analogy. Explain why your answer is correct. right : correct :: under: _____

right : correct :: under: below Below is a correct answer because below is a synonym for under.

Solve these analogies by adding synonyms. back : rear :: flat : _____ courageous : brave :: sly : _____ small : little :: quiet : _____ narrow : thin :: wealthy : _____ terrifying : frightening :: calm : _____

Solutions back : rear :: flat : level courageous : brave :: sly : sneaky small : little :: quiet : silent narrow : thin :: wealthy : rich terrifying : frightening :: calm : peaceful

serious : funny :: huge : tiny Serious and funny go together because their meanings are opposite. They are antonyms. Huge and tiny also go together because they are antonyms. ANTONYMS

new : old :: narrow: _____ Complete this analogy. Explain why your answer is correct. new : old :: narrow: _____

new : old :: narrow: wide Wide is correct because wide is an antonym for narrow.

Solve these analogies by adding antonyms. open : close :: up :_____ correct : mistaken :: dangerous : _____ graceful : clumsy :: gentle :_____ fiction : non-fiction :: toxic : _____ credit : debit :: positive : _____

Solutions open : close :: up : down correct : mistaken :: dangerous : safe graceful : clumsy :: gentle : harsh fiction : non-fiction :: toxic : non-toxic credit : debit :: positive : negative

scissors : cut :: eraser :erase Scissors and cut go together because scissors is an object and cut is its action. Eraser and erase also go together because they are an object and its action. OBJECT/ACTION

eye : see:: nose : _____ Complete this analogy. Explain why your answer is correct. eye : see:: nose : _____

Smell is correct because smell is the action associated with a nose. eye : see :: nose : smell Smell is correct because smell is the action associated with a nose.

Solve these analogies by adding an action word. ear : hear :: hand : _____ rooster : crow :: lion : _____ clock : tick :: bell : _____ boat : float :: airplane : ____ broom : sweep :: shovel : ____

Solutions ear : hear :: hand : write rooster : crow :: lion : roar clock : tick :: bell : ring boat : float :: airplane : fly broom : sweep :: shovel : dig

well : water :: beach : sand Well and water go together because a well is a source where water is found. Beach and sand go together in the same way because a beach is a source where sand is found. SOURCE/PRODUCT

tree : lumber :: quarry : ____ Complete this analogy. Explain why your answer is correct. tree : lumber :: quarry : ____

tree : lumber :: quarry : stone Stone is correct because it is a product that comes from a quarry.

Solve these analogies by adding a product from each of the sources listed. field : corn :: pond : ____ mine : diamonds :: oyster shells : ____ sheep : wool :: silkworm : ____ palm tree : coconuts :: maple tree : ____ paddy : rice :: bog : ____

Solutions 1. field : corn :: pond : fish 2. mine : diamonds :: oyster shells : pearls 3. sheep : wool :: silkworm : silk 4. palm tree : coconuts :: maple tree : syrup 5. paddy : rice :: bog : cranberries

toe : foot :: finger : hand Toe and foot go together because a toe is part of a foot. Finger and hand also go together because a finger is part of a hand. PART/WHOLE

room : house :: chapter: ____ Complete this analogy. Explain why your answer is correct. room : house :: chapter: ____

room : house :: chapter: book Book is correct because a chapter is part of a book.

Solve these analogies by adding a whole that goes with the part. steering wheel : automobile :: wing : ____ branch : tree :: boxcar : ____ kernel : corn :: grain : ____ leg : chair :: handle : ____ 5. word : sentence :: letter : ____

Solutions 1. steering wheel : automobile :: wing : airplane 2. branch : tree :: boxcar : train 3. kernel : corn :: grain : wheat 4. leg : chair :: handle : cup 5. word : sentence :: letter : word

spider : web :: bird : nest Spider and web go together because a spider is an animal and a web is its habitat. Bird and nest also go together because a bird is an animal and a nest is its habitat. ANIMAL/HABITAT

bat : cave :: bear : ____ Complete this analogy. Explain why your answer is correct. bat : cave :: bear : ____

Den is correct because a bear lives in a den. bat : cave :: bear : den Den is correct because a bear lives in a den.

Solve these analogies by adding a habitat. ant : hill :: bee : ____ cattle : barn :: chicken : ____ pig : sty :: horse : ____ giraffe : grasslands :: polar bear : ____ toucan : rain forest :: bald eagle : ____

Solutions 1. ant : hill :: bee : hive 2. cattle : barn :: chicken : coop 3. pig : sty :: horse : stable 4. giraffe : grasslands :: polar bear : tundra 5. toucan : rain forest :: bald eagle : temperate forest

Sort these pairs of words into the three categories below. Synonyms Antonyms Object/Action sun : shine clock : tick laugh : cry pen : write give : receive right : correct transparent : opaque divide : multiply ambulance : rescue liquid : fluid shout : scream

Solution Synonyms Antonyms Object/Action right : correct liquid : fluid shout : scream laugh : cry give : receive transparent : opaque divide : multiply sun : shine clock : tick pen : write ambulance : rescue

Sort these pairs of words into the three categories below. Source/Product Part/Whole Animal/Habitat dime : dollar bead : necklace eagle : forest tree : walnuts stream : gold nuggets horse : stable whale : ocean key : piano toe : foot bees : honey student : class

Solution Source/Product Part/Whole Animal/Habitat tree : walnuts stream : gold nuggets bees : honey dime : dollar bead : necklace key : piano toe : foot student : class eagle : forest horse : stable whale : ocean

Solve these analogies. Then, tell which type of analogy each one is: synonym, antonym, or object/action. hand : touch :: eye : ____ car : automobile :: ship : ____ work : labor :: incinerate : ____ failure : success :: mistaken : ____ world : earth :: teacher : ____

Solutions hand : touch :: eye : see OBJECT/ACTION car : automobile :: ship : boat SYNONYMS work : labor :: incinerate : burn SYNONYMS failure : success :: mistaken : correct ANYONYMS world : earth :: teacher : instructor SYNONYMS

Solve these analogies. Then tell which type of analogy each one is: source/product, part/whole, or animal/habitat. garden : tomatoes :: ocean : ____ blade : ice skate :: wheel : ____ button : shirt :: latch : ____ Camel : desert :: crocodile : ____ McDonald’s : hamburger :: Chick-fil-A : ____

Solutions garden : tomatoes :: ocean : tuna SOURCE/PRODUCT 2. blade : ice skate :: wheel : skateboard PART/WHOLE 3. button : shirt :: latch : door 4. Camel : desert :: crocodile : swamp ANIMAL/HABITAT 5. McDonald’s : hamburger :: Chick-fil-A : nuggets

Review Questions What is an analogy? Name six types of analogies. Give an example of each type.