Sub-Part M Fall Protection

Fall Protection What kind of standard is it? Horizontal / General Performance Standard

Fall Protection Why the need for a new standard? 4 feet 6 feet 10 feet 25 feet 30 feet Roofing was covered under Sub-Part L, Scaffolds.

Fall Protection Scope Apply when not specifically addressed elsewhere. Apply when construction work is being done. Does not apply to: Scaffolds Cranes Ladders Tunneling Power Transmission

Fall Protection Scope Does not apply before actual work Does not apply after work is done.

Fall Protection When to provide fall protection Free fall 6 feet Structural Integrity Trip on step in holes Dangerous Equipment Implement SubPart Q

Fall Protection Overhead: Hard Hats Barricades Toeboards Screens Debris Nets

Fall Protection Training Requirements: The employer shall provide training Who might be exposed To recognize Procedures to follow Certification of Training Employee Signature Trainer Signature

Fall Protection Safe distance from the edge You must always have fall protection or follow OSHA guidelines

Fall Protection Two types of fall protection fall arrest positive

Fall Protection ANSI Requirements 42” Plus/ Minus 3” 45” For Pour Top rail 200# w/min 3” deflection Mid-rail 150# w/min 3” deflection

Fall Protection ANSI Requirements Toeboards 50# No snags ANSI 19” opening No gaps Around holes offset

Fall Protection Wood Guardrail Lumber 2x4 top rail Post every 8 feet or equivalent

Fall Protection Wire Rope 1/4” 1/2” For Steel Erection Flagged Every 6’ Problems with wire rope

Fall Protection Pipe 1 1/ 2 inch sch 40

Fall Protection Steel 2 x 2 x 3/8

Fall Protection Floor Holes What is a hole? Means a gap or void 2” or more in its least dimension which a person or object could fall through.

Fall Protection Floor Hole Cover Requirements Secured Signage Safety factor of x2 for personnel Safety factor of x2 for equipment Holes for passage - guardrail offset

Fall Protection Fall Arrest January 1, 1998 Body Belts Non Locking Snap Hooks

Fall Protection What can a body belt be used for? Restraint ONLY.

Fall Protection Fall Arrest Shock Loads Web Lanyard 4353 # Rope 2542 # Shock Absorbing Soft Stop 786 #

Fall Protection Fall Protection Anchorage Points 5000 # for 6’ Fall Arrest 3000 # for Position Device or Recoil Device When a qualified person determines that a shock load of safety factor x2, you can follow appendix (C).

Fall Protection Safe Use of Lanyards Inspected daily by user and qualified person as well as anchorage points and harness: Cuts, abrasions,deteriorations, burns Means of rigging Entanglement hazard Roll out Tie into self Compatible hardware

Fall Protection Snap Hook Unless the snap hook is a locking type and designed for the following connections, snap hooks shall not be engaged: directly to webbing, rope or wire rope; to each other; to a dee-ring to which another snap hook or other connector is attached;

Fall Protection Snap Hook to a horizontal lifeline; or to any object which is incompatibly shaped or dimensioned in relation to the snap hook such that unintentional disengagement could occur by the connected object being able to depress the snap hook keeper and release itself.

Fall Protection Deceleration Device 1 - per arrest system 3 1/2 deceleration distances

Fall Protection Shock Loading Qualified person after each in service load Recoil device - MFG guidelines

Fall Protection Static Lines - Safety Factor 2 (right angle in service loading follow Appendix C, paragraph (H)(6) 30 degrees) Horizontal - Vertical 5000 # x total persons on

Fall Protection Rescue Plan In writing On site Documented training done

Fall Protection Vertical Walls Rebar 24’ free climb 3000 # 2’ lanyard

Fall Protection Nets are no longer only feasible choice. They are an available choice. Rarely used Long period of time consuming work Must be as close as practical Must be free of trash

Fall Protection Never more than 30 feet Cannot bounce out of Free fall into the net Net designed for fall arrest

Fall Protection Drop tested or a qualified person will sign off when initially installed 6 MO. Anchorage points 5000# 6 inch squares

Fall Protection

Fall Protection Low Slope 4/12 Pitch

Fall Protection 1926.502 Fall protection systems and practices (k) Fall protection plans Only available for leading edge work, precast concrete erection, or residential construction work.

Fall protection systems & practices Demonstrated unfeasibility or greater hazard Prepared/implemented by qualified person for each site Maintained up to date Can only be changed by qualified person

Fall protection systems and practices Must be at a site Document why plan is needed Include a written discussion of other measures to reduce or eliminate hazards Identify each location where plan is needed

Fall protection systems and practices

Fall protection systems and practices Residential Where material and methods are essentially the same as residential construction. 6/12 slide guards along the entire eave.

Fall protection systems and practices Residential 6/12 up to 8 /12 requires eave slide guards and additional slide guards directly below the worker 8 feet. Greater than 8/12 or more than 4/12 and in excess of 25 feet conventional fall protection will be provided.

Fall protection systems and practices Scaffolds September 2, 1998 The employer shall ensure that a competent person will determine the feasibility of fall protection for persons engaged in the erecting and the dismantling of supported scaffolds.

Fall protection systems and practices Booms and Scissors 29 CFR 1926.453 (G) Scissor lifts straight up and down with railing are not required to have fall protection unless you are off of the working deck. Booms, as soon as you step into the bucket, you are required to be tied off. Current ANSI requirements.

Fall protection systems and practices Steel Erection, sub-part M does not apply to steel erection with the exception of arrest systems.

New Steel Erection Standard Why?

New Steel Erection Standard What is steel erection?

New Steel Erection Standard Steel erection activities include hoisting, laying out, placing, connecting, welding, burning, guying, bracing, bolting, plumbing, and rigging structural steel, steel joists and metal buildings; installing metal decking, curtain walls, window walls, siding systems, miscellaneous metals, ornamental iron and similar materials; and moving point-to-point while performing these activities.

New Steel Erection Standard This is a controlling employer standard.

New Steel Erection Standard Approval to begin steel erection. Before authorizing the commencement of steel erection, the controlling contractor shall ensure that the steel erector is provided with the following written notifications:

New Steel Erection Standard The concrete in the footings, piers and walls and the mortar in the masonry piers and walls has attained, on the basis of an appropriate ASTM standard test method of field-cured samples, either 75% of the intended minimum compressive design strength or sufficient strength to support the loads imposed during steel erection.

New Steel Erection Standard Any repairs, replacements and modifications to the anchor bolts were conducted in accordance with Sec. 1926.755(b).

New Steel Erection Standard Commencement of steel erection. A steel erection contractor shall not erect steel unless it has received written notification that the concrete in the footings, piers and walls or the mortar in the masonry piers and walls has attained, on the basis of an appropriate ASTM standard test method of field-cured samples, either 75% of the intended minimum compressive design strength or sufficient strength to support the loads imposed during steel erection.

New Steel Erection Standard Site Layout. The controlling contractor shall ensure that the following is provided and maintained: Adequate Access roads into and through the site for the safe delivery and movement of derricks, cranes, trucks, other necessary equipment. A firm, properly graded, drained area, readily accessible to the work with adequate space for the safe storage of materials and the safe operation of the erector’s equipment.

Pre-planning of overhead hoisting operations. Site-specific erection plan. Protection from materials being hoisted

Custody of fall protection Custody of fall protection. Fall Protection provided by the steel erector shall remain in the area where steel erection activity has been completed, to be used by other trades, only if the controlling contractor or its authorized representative:

Has directed the steel erector to leave the fall protection in place; and Has inspected and accepted control and responsibility of the fall protection prior to authorizing persons other than steel erectors to work in the area.

OSHA Act 5(a)(1) Duty of Employer shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause, death or serious physical harm to his employees.

Exposing Employer

Creating Employer

5(a)(2) Shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this act. Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards and all rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his own actions and conduct.

Correcting & Controlling Employer

FOM - FIRM

Appeal Courts

Argument Statutory Authority Codify Policy Lateral Applications Strict Liability

Each employee engaged in a steel erection activity who is on a walking/working surface with an unprotected side or edge more than 15 feet (4.6m) above a lower level shall be protected from fall hazards by guardrail systems, safety net systems, personal fall arrest systems, positioning device systems or fall restraint.

Perimeter safety cables Perimeter safety cables. On multi-story structures, perimeter safety cables shall be installed at the final interior and exterior perimeters of the floors as soon as the metal decking has been installed.

Connectors Be protected from fall hazards of more than two stories or 30 (9.1m)

Be provided, at heights over 15 and up to 30 feet above a lower level, with a personal fall arrest system, positioning device system or fall restraint system.

A controlled decking zone may be 15 and up to 30 feet above a lower level where metal decking is initially being installed.