Acids and Bases. Properties Acid Taste sour Electrolyte React with metals to form hydrogen gas Turn litmus paper red Bases Taste bitter Electrolyte Slippery.

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Presentation transcript:

Acids and Bases

Properties Acid Taste sour Electrolyte React with metals to form hydrogen gas Turn litmus paper red Bases Taste bitter Electrolyte Slippery Turn litmus paper blue

Examples HCl H 2 SO 4 HNO 3 H 3 PO 4 H 2 CO 3 HC 2 H 3 O 2 NaOH KOH Mg(OH) 2 Sr(OH) 2 NH 3

Definitions Acid Furnish H + in aqueous solution (Arrhenius acid) or Proton donor (Bronsted-Lowry acid) or Electron pair acceptor (Lewis acid) Base Furnish OH - in aqueous solution (Arrhenius base) or Proton acceptor (Bronsted-Lowry base) or Electron pair donor (Lewis base)

Naming Acids -ic suffix from –ate anion ex: HNO 3 nitric acid -ous suffix from –ite anion ex: HNO 2 nitrous acid Hydro- prefix + -ic suffix from –ide anion ex: HCl hydrochloric acid

Strong Acids to memorize HCl HBr HI HNO₃ HClO₃ H₂SO₄

How to name a base Name of metal + hydroxide Ex. NaOH Ca(OH)₂

Strong Bases to memorize LiOH**Makes a b on the NaOHperiodic table KOH RbOH CsOH Ca(OH)₂ Sr(OH)₂ Ba(OH)₂