Dissolving vs. Dissociating Sugar vs. Salt. Electrolytes: Charged particles or ions present in a solution can conduct an electric current. Ionic compounds.

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Presentation transcript:

Dissolving vs. Dissociating Sugar vs. Salt

Electrolytes: Charged particles or ions present in a solution can conduct an electric current. Ionic compounds and some very polar molecules (HCl) act as electrolytes. Most non-polar compounds are non-electrolytes. Molecular compounds dissolve as whole molecules. These molecules are uncharged so there are no particles to carry a current.

Ions Charged particles carry electricity.

H Cl H O H H O H H H O H H O H δ-δ- δ+δ+ δ-δ- δ+δ+ δ+δ+ ELECTROLYTE √ polar solvent very polar solute

polar solvent ionic solute H O H H O H H O H H O H + - δ-δ- δ+δ+ δ+δ+ Na Cl Na Cl ELECTROLYTE √

polar solvent polar solute H O H H H H H C C H O H H H H H C C H O H H O H δ-δ- δ+δ+ δ-δ- δ+δ+ δ-δ- δ+δ+ ELECTROLYTE No ions Dissolves as whole – no charged particles.

The dissociation or ionization of a substance in water can be shown using chemical equations. C 11 H 22 O 11(s) C 11 H 22 O 11(aq) NaCl (s) Na + (aq) + Cl – (aq) Step 1: Determine if the compound is polar. Step 2: If ionic, write the ions. Step 3: Use subscripts as coefficients. Step 4: Write equation using appropriate states. non-electrolyte electrolytes

Write the equation for aqueous aluminum sulphate. Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 metal polyatomic ion Al +3 SO Al +3 (aq) 3 SO 4 -2 (aq) Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (s)

dissolvedissociation electrolyte non-electrolyte Electronegativityhydration polaritypolar non-polarsolvation Key Words