Tradeoff Analysis Illustrative results. TOA projects Ecuador - Carchi Potato-pasture system High external inputs Steep slopes High altitude (>2800 m.a.s.l.)

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Presentation transcript:

Tradeoff Analysis Illustrative results

TOA projects Ecuador - Carchi Potato-pasture system High external inputs Steep slopes High altitude (>2800 m.a.s.l.) Well-distributed rainfall mm/yr Mean temperatures (9-12 ° C)

Ecuador - Carchi Stakeholder meetings Indicators Economic indicators Human health effects of pesticides Environmental effects of pesticides Water erosion Tillage erosion

Ecuador - Carchi Stakeholder meetings Scenarios Price policies Pesticide handling (incl. protective clothing) Integrated Pest Management

Ecuador - Carchi

Inherent productivity Carbofuran use Potato/dairy ratio Tillage erosion Carbofuran leaching

Carbofuran leaching Low High

Carbofuran leaching Low High

Carbofuran leaching Low High

Carbofuran leaching Low High

Carbofuran leaching Low High

Carbofuran leaching Low High

Carbofuran leaching Low High

Carbofuran leaching Low High

Carbofuran leaching Low High

Ecuador - Carchi

Capacity development through IPM Farmer Field Schools Participatory technology development (CIALs) Exchanges among communities Activities centered on men

Ecuador - Carchi Activities centered on women Knowledge strengthening (IPM FFS, directed training) Introduction of IPM to grade school curriculum Propaganda campaigns

Ecuador - Carchi Community level action Strengthening community participation through: –Exchange of information and public discussion –Analysis of tradeoffs –Site visits Advocacy: –Elimination of highly toxics –Public investment in IPM

Ecuador - Carchi Farmer field schools Reduction in pesticide use, while maintaining production (19 t/ha): 12 to 7 applications (60% less active ingredient by area) Reduction in use of most toxic pesticides: Metamidaphos (40%), Carbofuran (75%) Improved profitability: Cost/tm $21 (22%); net benefit/ha. $722 (36%); return on investment: from 120% to 145%

TOA projects Peru – Cajamarca Potato-pasture-grain system Low external inputs Steep slopes High altitude ( m.a.s.l.) Average annual rainfall <700mm/yr Temperatures around 10°C

Peru - Cajamarca Stakeholder meetings Indicators Economic indicators Water erosion Carbon sequestration

Peru - Cajamarca Stakeholder meetings Scenarios Terracing Carbon contracts Climate change

Cajamarca - terracing

Cajamarca – climate change

Cajamarca - terracing % Subsidy % profitable terraced fields Steep slopes Minor slopes Incl. maintenance subsidy Construction subsidy

Cajamarca – carbon sequestration Carbon (metric tons) Price ($/metric ton) Terraces + Agro-forestry (high carbon) Terraces (high carbon) Terraces (Low carbon)

TOA projects Senegal - Njoro Peanut-millet rotation Low external inputs Rolling/flat terrain Low altitude (<50 m.a.s.l.) Semi-arid climate (<700 mm/yr) Average temperature 24° C

Senegal - carbon supply curves Carbon (Mg) C Price ($/Mg) Fertilizer Fertilizer + Crop residues Note threshold effect of increased labor costs plus transaction costs.

TOA projects Kenya - Machakos Mixed crop-livestock system Low external inputs Steep slopes Altitude ( m.a.s.l.) Semi-arid climate ( mm/yr) Average temperature 20° C