Course Overview

UI Hall of Fame or Hall of Shame?

UI Hall of Fame or Hall of Shame? Change this example as the site doesn’t exist anymore

Hall of Shame! Doesn’t help user accomplish their task Takes too long why did they come to the site? Takes too long most visitors will leave & never return May be valid for entertainment, art, or branding sites Ask the audience what is wrong with this!

Hall of Fame or Shame? Page setup for printing in IE5

Hall of Shame! Page setup for printing in IE5 Problems codes for header & footer information requires recall! want recognition no equivalent GUI help is the way to find out, but not obvious

Goals of the Course 1) Learn to design, prototype, & evaluate UIs the needs & tasks of prospective users cognitive/perceptual constraints that affect design technology & techniques used to prototype UIs techniques for evaluating a user interface design importance of iterative design for usability how to work together on a team project communicate your results to a group key to your future success 2) Understand where technology is going & what UIs of the future might be like

Course Format Interactive lectures Term project & homeworks Online materials schedule, slides, exercises, readings http://mm.sookmyung.ac.kr/~sblim (참조) http://www.cs.washington.edu/cs490f Have fun & participate!

How HCI Fits into CS/MM Curriculum Most courses for learning technology programming, multimedia systems, database, etc. HCI concerned w/ UI design & evaluation technology as a tool to evaluate via prototyping skills will become very important complex systems, large teams

Books Lecture Notes & Textbook 강의노트 (ppt file) : 내 홈페이지 U. Washington J. Landay 교수 강좌 참조 인간과 컴퓨터의 상호작용, 김희철 저, 사이텍미디어, 2006 전체 필독 The Design of Sites: A Pattern Language for the Web, 2nd edition, D. Van Duyne, J. Landay, J. Hong, Prentice Hall, 2006 필요부분 발췌

Books Recommended books Human-Computer Interaction, 3rd edition, Alan J. Dix, et. al.,  Prentice Hall, 2004 Designing The User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction, 4th ed., Ben Shneiderman and C. Plaisant, Addison-Wesley, 2005 Interaction Design: beyond human-computer interaction, 2nd edition, H. Sharp, Y. Rogers and J. Preece, John Wiley & Sons, 2007 Human Computer Interaction 개론, 김진우 저, 안그라픽스, 2005

Project Description Each of you will propose an interface idea Groups fixing something you don’t like or a new idea Groups 2 students to a group work with students w/ different skills/interests groups meet with lecturer every 2 weeks Cumulative apply several HCI methods to a single interface

Grading A combination of midterm & final (30%) individual assignments (20%) group project (40%) demos/presentation (group component) project write-ups and exercises ratings given by other team members & class in class participation (10%)

Summary Project proposal idea Next lecture on Read Introduction of HCI History of HCI Read 인간과 컴퓨터의 상호작용, 1&2장

Introduction of HCI

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) the end-user of a program the others in the organization Computer the machine the program runs on often split between clients & servers Interaction the user tells the computer what they want the computer communicates results So far you have probably studied lots about Computers, but little about Humans and Interaction. This course will concentrate on how these three areas come together.

HCI Approach to UI Design Organizational & Social Issues Tasks Design Technology Humans Give Examples of Tasks: high level: - writing a paper - drawing a picture low level: - copying a word from one paragraph to another - coloring a line

Factors Influence Each Other “Now that mice are included with most computers, applications assume a mouse will be used as a the pointing device” Organizational & Social Issues Tasks Design Technology Humans

Factors Influence Each Other “People change their knowledge as they perform, i.e., they learn” Organizational & Social Issues Tasks Design Technology Humans Give Examples of Tasks: high level: - writing a paper - drawing a picture low level: - copying a word from one paragraph to another - coloring a line

User Interfaces (UIs) Part of application that allows people to interact with computer to carry out their task User vs. Customer vs. Client user is a term only used by 2 industries  bad! customer – person who will use the product you build client – the company who is paying you to build it HCI = design, prototyping, evaluation, & implementation of UIs

Why is HCI Important? Major part of work for “real” programs approximately 50% Bad user interfaces cost money 5% satisfaction  up to 85%profits finding problems early makes them easier to fix reputation of organization (e.g., brand loyalty) lives (Therac-25) User interfaces hard to get right people are unpredictable intuition of designers often wrong Studies have shown that the design, programming, and evaluation of the UI can take up to 50% of the project time and cost for a wide range of commercial and in-house software Nearly 25% of all applications projects fail. Why? overrun budgets & management pulls plug others complete, but are too hard to learn/use Solution is user-centered design. Why? easier to learn & use products sell better can help keep a product on schedule finding problems early makes them easier to fix! training costs reduced

Who Builds UIs? A team of specialists (ideally) graphic designers interaction / interface designers information architects technical writers marketers test engineers usability engineers software engineers users In this course you will wear the hats of many of these specialists.

How to Design and Build UIs UI Development process Usability goals User-centered design Task analysis & contextual inquiry Rapid prototyping Evaluation Programming

User Interface Development Process Customers, Products, Business, Marketing Customers, Products, Business, Marketing Customers, Products, Business, Marketing Design Discovery Design Exploration Evaluate Execute Customers: - Roles (Who) - Tasks (What) - Context (Stories) Marketing: - Business Priorities - Messages Technology: - Products - Architecture Design: - Leading/competing technologies Work together to realize the design in detail. Evaluate with Customers Storyboard Review & Iterate Design Definition: - Design Problem Statement - Targeted User Roles (Who) - Targeted User Tasks (What) - Design Direction Statements Proposal: Demos/ Lo Fi Prototypes (How) Specification: Hi Fidelity, Refined Design - Based on customer feedback - Foundation in product reality - Refined Design description based on slide by Sara Redpath, IBM & Thyra Trauch, Tivoli

Iteration - interface design cycle At every stage! Design Prototype Evaluate

Design Design is driven by requirements what the artifact is for not how it is to be implemented e.g., PDA not as important as “mobile” app. A design represents the artifact for UIs these representations include (?) screen sketches or storyboards flow diagrams/outline showing task structure executable prototypes representations simplify Write essay start word processor write outline fill out outline Start word processor find word processor icon double click on icon Write outline write down high-level ideas .

Web Design Representations Site Maps Storyboards Designers create representations of sites at multiple levels of detail Web designs are iteratively refined at all levels of detail Schematics Mock-ups

Usability According to the ISO: The effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction with which specified users achieve specified goals in particular environments This does not mean you have to create a “dry” design or something that is only good for novices – it all depends on your goals

Usability Goals Set goals early & later use to measure progress Goals often have tradeoffs, so prioritize Example goals Learnable faster the 2nd time & so on Memorable from session to session Flexible multiple ways to accomplish tasks Efficient perform tasks quickly Robust minimal error rates good feedback so user can recover Pleasing high user satisfaction Fun

User-centered Design “Know thy User” Cognitive abilities perception physical manipulation memory Organizational / job abilities Keep users involved throughout developers working with target users think of the world in users terms not technology-centered/feature driven `

Task Analysis & Contextual Inquiry Observe existing work practices Create examples and scenarios of actual use “Try-out”new ideas before building software ?

Rapid Prototyping Build a mock-up of design so you can test Fantasy Basketball Build a mock-up of design so you can test Low fidelity techniques paper sketches cut, copy, paste Interactive prototyping tools HTML, Visual Basic, Flash, DENIM, etc. UI builders Visual Studio .NET, JBuilder…

Evaluation Test with real users (participants) Build models w/ interactive prototype low-fi with paper “computer” Build models GOMS Low-cost techniques expert evaluation walkthroughs online testing ESP

Project Process Overview Project proposal (group) due on this week Project task analysis & “sketches” i.e., rough proposals that can & will change based on field work with ESM tool on phone In class presentations & critiques Low fidelity prototyping & user testing Rapid prototype using tools & user test Heuristic evaluations (individual) Heuristic evaluation summary Final presentations & project fair with industry guests

Project Examples (cont.) SiteSketch web page design sketch-based

SiteSketch

Project Examples (cont.) Clothes Shopper online shopping knows your prefs & sizes

Clothes Shopper

Project Examples (cont.) Electronic book reader take advantage of all the online texts on the net

Electronic Book Reader

Project Examples (cont.) Nutrition tracker

Nutrition Tracker

Project Examples (cont.) cUIzine recipe tool for the home

cUIzine

Project Examples (cont.) Read WWW over phone find structure in pages & build voice menus navigation problem cache common paths & reorder? PDA brainstorming tool small portable computers in a group meeting (say Palm Pilots)

Project Examples (cont.) Runner’s training log input daily workouts reports reminders PDA for shopping scan in UPC & tells you whether a good price Home entertainment control -“no more remotes”

Total Entertainment Control

Project Examples (cont.) PDA Baseball score keeper have stats of the players on your PDA keep track of what happens during the game upload stats after the game

PDA Baseball Scorekeeper

PalmStock PalmStock brings up a FOCUS screen entire line is selectable

InkChat

Nutrition/Exercise Tracker

Trippin’

Traffic Monitor

Traffic Monitor

(radio buttton metaphor) Traffic Monitor Congestion Information (traffic light metaphor) Alert icons Volume Pan Audible reports about alerts Zoom ZOOMED IN IMAGES Center on driver Driver’s location Map view presets (radio buttton metaphor)

Otto: Location-based Photos Navigation breadcrumbs buggy and use confused evaluators Colored in current breadcrumb

Bus Buddy

Bus Buddy