Introduction to Insects. Outline Insects and their relatives How insects rule the world Insect anatomy and biology.

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Introduction to Insects

Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Insects

Outline Insects and their relatives How insects rule the world Insect anatomy and biology

Insects and their relatives Arthropods are numerous and diverse –Insects (beetles, flies, moths, earwigs, aphids) –Arachnids (spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions) –Crustaceans (crayfish, crabs, lobsters, sowbugs) –Centipedes, millipedes Exoskeleton is a hard outer shell Jointed appendages, segmented body Not arthropods: slugs, snails, earthworms

Basic insect body plan Head Thorax Abdomen

Basic insect body plan Head ThoraxAbdomen

Basic arachnid body plan Cephalothorax Abdomen

Basic arachnid body plan Cephalothorax Abdomen

Insects 3 body regions 1 pair of antennae 3 pair of legs 2 pair of wings Arachnids 2 body regions No antennae 4 pair of legs No wings

Insects rule the world! There are more insects than all other plants and animals combined There are more than 1 million different species 1 out of every 5 animals is a beetle!

Small size Multigenerational Flight Metamorphosis Wide variety in food choices Wide variety in habitat resources Why are insects so successful? © Marlin E. Rice

Insect metamorphosis Complete metamorphosis: egg, larva, pupa, adult e.g., beetles, butterflies, flies Incomplete metamorphosis: egg, nymph, adult e.g., grasshoppers, true bugs Images from Cornell University,

Insects eat everything Carnivore, animal matter Herbivore, plant matter Omnivore, plant and animal matter Detrivore, organic matter Saprophore, decaying matter

Are these insects? © Marlin E. Rice

How to ID insects: wings beetle waspbutterflyfly earwiggrasshoppertrue bug L. Jesse © Marlin E. Rice

Chewing: grasshoppers, beetles, praying mantis Piercing-sucking: mosquitoes, true bugs Siphoning: butterflies, moths Sponging: house fly How to ID insects: mouthparts Images on this page from R. Bessin, University of Kentucky

How to ID insects: antennae freenaturepictures.com

How to ID insects: legs walking graspingpollen-carrying digging jumping swimming and grasping L. Jesse © Marlin E. Rice Paul M. Choate, University of Florida

Summary There are many keys to help in the accurate identification of insects Wings, antennae, legs, mouthparts © Marlin E. Rice