BENEFICIAL INSECTS. Predatory Mites Order Acari Family Phytoseiidae Life History: Several families; phytoseiids are used in agriculture and horticulture.

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Presentation transcript:

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

Predatory Mites Order Acari Family Phytoseiidae Life History: Several families; phytoseiids are used in agriculture and horticulture. Found in soil and leaf litter. Generations develop in one week. Prey: Two-spotted spider mites and other small arthropods. John Davidson

Predatory Mites Predatory mite in spider mite colony Predatory mite John Davidson Whitney Cranshaw

Ground Beetles Order Coleoptera Family Carabidae Life History: Nocturnal, in or on soil, some live up to four years. Prey: Caterpillars, soil and tree insects, earthworms. Top: Harpalus sp. Bottom: Calosoma sp. Vera Krischik

Lady Beetles Order Coleoptera Family Coccinellidae Life History: Many species, both larvae and adults are predaceous. Prey: Aphids, scale insects, mealybugs, whiteflies, spider mites, insect eggs. Jeff Hahn Pink Lady Beetle (Coleomegilla maculata), a native lady beetle

Convergent Lady Beetle Order Coleoptera Family Coccinellidae Hippodamia convergens Life History: Native and common in the Midwest; larvae and adults are both predaceous. Prey: Aphids. John Davidson

Multicolored Asian Lady Beetle Order Coleoptera Family Coccinellidae Harmonia axyridis Life History: Introduced, invades homes in fall. Prey: Aphids and scales. John Davidson

Order Coleoptera Family Coccinellidae Stethorus spp. Life History: Small lady beetle used for biological control. Prey: Spider mites. Spider Mite Destroyer Lady Beetle Left to right: spider mite and three life stages of Stethorus: larva, pupa, adult John Davidson

Order Coleoptera Family Coccinellidae Chilocorus spp. Life History: Spiny larvae pupate in last larval skin. Prey: Armored or soft scales (depending on species). Twice-Stabbed Lady Beetle Top: adult Bottom: larva Cliff Sadof

Lady Beetles Mealybug destroyer (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri) adults feeding on mealybug egg mass (left) Twospotted lady beetle (Adalia bipunctata) adult and pupa with shed pupal skins (right) Whitney Cranshaw David Laughlin

Encyrtid Wasps Order Hymenoptera Family Encyrtidae Life History: Larvae are parasitoids; adults live 2–3 days. Prey: Ticks, insect eggs, larvae, and pupae; beetles, bugs, moths, mealybugs, scales. Top: Encyrtus fuscus reared from hemispherical scale Bottom: Parasitized hemispherical scales turned black John Davidson

Minute Pirate Bugs Order Hemiptera Family Anthocoridae Life History: One generation takes 20 days to complete, multiple generations per year. Prey: Spider mites, insect eggs, aphids, thrips, scales, caterpillars. Orius insidiosus adult

Minute Pirate Bugs Minute pirate bug feeding on thrips Orius insidiosus nymph Whitney Cranshaw

Stink Bugs Order Hemiptera Family Pentatomidae Life History: Most feed on plants, but some are predaceous. Many discharge a distasteful smell when handled. Prey: Caterpillars and beetles such as Colorado potato beetle and Mexican bean beetle. Predatory stink bug feeding on elm leaf beetle larva Whitney Cranshaw

Stink Bugs CW from top left: Podisus maculiventris adult attacking tussock moth caterpillar, Perillus bioculatus nymph feeding on beetle larva, P. bioculatus nymph feeding on hornworm John Davidson Whitney CranshawDavid Laughlin

Assassin Bugs Order Hemiptera Family Reduviidae Life History: Assassin bugs feed by piercing prey with their beaks to suck out juices. Prey: Caterpillars, small flying insects, aphids, and leafhoppers. Wheel bug (Arilus cristatus)

Green Lacewings Order Neuroptera Family Chrysopidae Life History: Oval, white eggs laid singly on stalks 8 mm long. Small gray larvae spin cocoons and pupate on undersides of leaves when they are 10 mm long. One to ten generations per year. Prey: Larvae feed on aphids and other small insects. Adults feed on honeydew and pollen.

Green Lacewings John Davidson Clockwise from top left: eggs, larva, cocoons, adult John Davidson

Mantidflies Order Neuroptera Family Mantispidae Life History: Nocturnal insects that resemble mantids. Both larvae and adults are predaceous. Prey: Spider egg sacs, bee and wasp larvae. Eggs David Laughlin

Hand lens or loop

Sources of Information  UC Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program UC Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program  Assassin Bug Assassin Bug  Lace wing video Lace wing video   Suppliers Suppliers  Looking around at home Looking around at home