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Force, Motion and Energy Grade 5 Critical Vocabulary Content Words Properties of Matter Force, Motion and Energy Sun, Earth and Moon Foss Landforms Sharing the Planet Terrestrial Environments Biomes and Ecosystems Solubility Density Displacement Particles Conductor Insulator Melting/Freezing Point Boiling Point Dissolve Mixture Solution Mass Volume Physical Properties Matter   Coil Current Electrical Energy Electromagnet Light Energy Sound Energy Thermal Energy Switch Inertia Speed Reflection Refraction Circuit Mechanical Energy Force Friction Gravity Motion/ Movement Position Axis Tilt  Lunar Cycle Tides Orbit Revolution Rotation Canyon Constructive Force Destructive Force Glacier Plateau Sand Dune Delta Sedimentary Rock  Weathering Deposition Erosion Fossil Fuels Fossils Biofuel Alternative Energy Hydroelectric Geothermal Climate Carbon Dioxide-Oxygen Cycle Germination Photosynthesis Pollination Terrarium  Ground Water Weather Transpiration Producer Run Off Decomposer Complete Metamorphosis Biome Ecosystems Incomplete Metamorphosis Instinct Niche Nymph Scavenger  Consumer Habitat Inherited Trait Learned Behavior Abiotic Biotic

Investigating Science Safely *Teacher Notes: Unit one vocabulary has a large range of words. Not all words will be introduced within unit one. The words need to be introduce throughout the year as needed.

Theory a general belief or idea based on a set of facts or observations

Claim a statement that can be proven or disproven by an experiment, test, or investigation

Inquiry discovery; investigating to find an explanation to a scientific question based on evidence

Testable Question a testable question can be easily tested and answered through evidence of measurable change in an investigation

Investigation Investigate the process of searching for the answer to a question through observation, data, and concluding based on evidence

Experiment a process used to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known scientific fact

Scientific Method the process scientists use to study and learn about the world around them; asking questions and finding answers

Procedure a particular way of doing something; a series of steps in an experiment or investigation

a series of things that happen which achieves some result Process a series of things that happen which achieves some result

Sequence the order in which something happens or is done

Model a small representation of an object or occurrence used to study the real life object/occurrence

Hypothesis Hypothesize an answer to the question based on prior knowledge; will be tested through the experiment or investigation If we increase the temperature of a cup of water, then the amount of sugar that can dissolve will increase too.

Prediction Predict, Predictable Statement of what will happen before it actually happens; sometimes based on prior knowledge

Variable Vary the factor in an investigation or experiment that can change or be changed; the thing being tested Water No Water

Factor any thing or certain condition in an investigation or situation

Water is a significant factor a factor that is important or makes a difference in the results Water is a significant factor in plant growth.

Observe Observation to closely look at the physical properties of something by using the 5 senses; describe how something looks, feels, smells, tastes, measure it, look for changes, compare

Interact Interaction to act a certain way towards something; a relationship; causing some effect or change to the other thing

Measure Measurement to find out the length, mass, volume, weight of an object by using tools such as a ruler, balance, graduated cylinder, or scale

Accurate Accurately a statement, measurement or result that is exact, correct in details, very close to being perfect

Inaccurate not correct or accurate, an error may have been made

Support giving evidence that, or reasons why something could be true or is the best choice; supporting a hypothesis

Reasonable if something, a statement, hypothesis, or conclusion makes sense or not

facts, observations, or information that prove something could be true Evidence facts, observations, or information that prove something could be true

Increase to become more, greater; to grow

Decrease to become less, smaller

Change to become different in appearance, size, behavior; found by observing and comparing

Analyze to study data and results closely and think about what the results mean; to understand all of the parts

Compare to look for similarities and differences between two or more objects, organisms, situations, or the before and after in an experiment

Classify to arrange in groups or categories based on characteristics or properties that objects or organisms have in common

Determine to figure something out; to make a decision by looking at observations, evidence, results

Estimate to come up with an approximate result or measurement; close to the exact, real result or measurement

to recognize and know who or what someone or something is Identify to recognize and know who or what someone or something is

Affect to cause a difference or change in something

Effect a change or difference that is a result of an action or interaction between factors

Results the outcome or information from an investigation or experiment, used to support a hypothesis or make a conclusion

Data facts or observations gathered from an investigation to be analyzed and used to draw a conclusion

Trial the number of times an experiment or investigation is repeated

Justify to show or prove to be right or reasonable; a conclusion to an investigation can be justified by observations or results

Conclusion Conclude an answer to the question; a statement made that can be justified or proven by data and results

a conclusion made using reasoning and evidence Inference Infer a conclusion made using reasoning and evidence

Explain Explanation making something understandable by giving details and reasons behind a conclusion or decision

Triple beam balance used to measure the mass of solid objects by moving gram weights across three bars

used to compare the mass of two different objects Double-pan balance used to compare the mass of two different objects

Digital scale tool used to measure the mass or weight of an object or substance in grams

tool used to measure the Graduated cylinder tool used to measure the volume of liquids in milliliters (mL)

a tool used to heat materials in beakers Hot plate a tool used to heat materials in beakers and other containers

Thermometer used to measure the temperature of various substances in degrees Fahrenheit and degrees Celsius

Hand lens Magnifying glass a tool used to magnify a small object or material in order to closely observe the physical properties

Spring scale a tool used to measure the weight of an object in Newtons (N) using the force of gravity

Unit of measure the name given to the measurement based on what is being measured volume= mL mass= g length= cm

Centimeter (cm) millimeter, meter, kilometer unit used to measure distance or length, height, width of an object

unit used to measure the mass or weight of something Gram (g) milligram unit used to measure the mass or weight of something

unit used to measure the Milliliter (ml) liter unit used to measure the volume of a liquid

5th Grade Science Vocabulary Properties of Matter

Matter something that has mass and takes up space

Conductor to have the quality of transmitting something (as light, heat, sound, or electricity)

Mixture a combination of two or more substances where each keep their own properties and can be easily separated

Density objects that are more dense sink in water; less dense objects float in water

Insulator material that slows down or stops electric current or heat from flowing

Melting point the temperature at which a substance changes states from a solid to a liquid. Oº C

Freezing Point the temperature at which a substance changes states from a liquid to a solid Oº C

Boiling Point the temperature at which a substance changes states from a liquid to a gas 100oC

Mass the amount of matter in an object

Dissolve to break down and spread evenly in a liquid

Solution a mixture of one substance dissolved evenly in another

Volume the amount of space that an object or substance occupies

Physical Properties appearances of an object including: mass, magnetism, physical state, relative density, solubility, and the ability to insulate or conduct heat or electricity

Particles one of the extremely small pieces of matter that make up a solid, liquid, and gas

Solubility measurement of the ability of a solid to dissolve in a liquid

Displacement the difference between the initial position of something and any later position

5th Grade Science Vocabulary Force, Motion and Energy

Coil a wound spiral of two or more turns of insulated wire

Current the flow or passing of something such as electricity

Electrical Energy energy produced by the movement of electrons

Electromagnet  type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by the flow of electric current

waves of radiant energy Light Energy waves of radiant energy

Sound Energy energy produced by vibration transmitted through a solid, liquid, or gas

Thermal Energy energy that causes a transfer of heat between materials

Switch a device for turning on or off electric current

Refraction energy waves that bend as they pass from one type of material to another (such as from air to liquid)

Reflection energy waves bouncing off the surface of an object

Circuit the pathway in which electrical current flows

Mechanical Energy energy produced by motion

Speed full, maximum, or optimum rate of motion

Inertia the tendency of an object to maintain its state of rest or motion unless acted upon by an external force

Motion/Movement a change of position

Friction the force that slows or stops motion when objects rub together

Gravity the force that pulls objects to the center of the Earth

Position Where an object is located in space FAR CLOSER BESIDE NEAR BEHIND

a push or pull that causes an object to stop, move or change direction Force PULL PUSH a push or pull that causes an object to stop, move or change direction

5th Grade Science Vocabulary Sun, Earth and Moon

Axis the imaginary line about which a rotating body, such as the Earth, turns

Tilt the angle at which a planet is positioned as it is on its axis usually a slight slope

Lunar Cycle the appearance of the illuminated portion of the Moon as seen by an observer, usually on Earth

Ocean Tides the periodic rise and fall of the waters of the ocean produced by the gravity of the moon, and occurring about every 12 hours High Tide Low Tide

Rotate to turn or spin on an axis; for Earth, one complete rotation is 24 hours

Revolve the orbiting around another object; for Earth, it takes 1 year to revolve around the Sun

5th Grade Science Vocabulary FOSS Landforms

Sediments Small particles of rock, soil, sand, or shell deposited by water, wind, or ice

Canyon a deep valley with steep sides, often with a stream or river flowing through it

Delta Sediment deposited at the mouth of a river. Usually in a triangular shape.

Sand Dune a ridge of sand created by the wind; found in deserts or near lakes and oceans

a large, flat area of land that is higher than the surrounding land Plateau a large, flat area of land that is higher than the surrounding land

Sedimentary Rock formed from the deposition of sediments; sedimentary rocks consist of sediments that have been compacted and cemented together

Destructive Force wear or break apart rock in landforms; earthquakes, water erosion, wind erosion

Glacier an extended mass of ice formed from snow falling and accumulating over the years and moving very slowly

Constructive Force force that builds something; when forces create new things like lava hardening creating new land

Weathering the breakdown of rock into smaller pieces from water, wind and ice

Erosion the movement of weathered material from Earth’s surface by water, wind and ice

Deposition the build up of land by depositing sediments into a new location

Rapid Change changes to the Earth’s surface that happen suddenly and may take seconds, days, or weeks to see

Slow Change changes to the Earth’s surface that take thousands or millions of years to notice

5th Grade Science Vocabulary Sharing the Planet

Fossils the remains or imprint of an organism from a previous geologic time

Fossil Fuel fuel created from something that was previously living; most common forms are coal, oil and natural gas

Alternative Energy energy generated by natural processes; renewable sources of energy

Hydroelectric electricity produced by falling or moving water

energy created from the internal heat of the Earth Geothermal energy created from the internal heat of the Earth

Biofuel fuel made from decomposing plants and animal waste

Wind Energy moving air is converted by a turbine to mechanical and then to electrical energy

Solar Energy thermal and light energy from the sun that is used for heat and to produce electricity

5th Grade Science Vocabulary Terrestrial Environments

the process a seed goes through Germination the process a seed goes through to become a seedling

Pollination the transfer of pollen from one flower to another; results in fertilization of a flower

Photosynthesis the process in which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to release oxygen into the atmosphere and to produce sugar (food energy)

Carbon Dioxide-Oxygen Cycle Plants “breathe” in carbon dioxide and “breathe” out oxygen. Animals “breathe” in oxygen and “breathe” out carbon dioxide.

Transpiration the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to the leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released into the atmosphere from the leaves

Producer an organism that uses sunlight to make its own food for energy

Runoff the movement of land water to the oceans by rivers, lakes, and streams

Climate weather conditions of a region throughout the year or averaged over many years

Terrarium a glass container, usually enclosed, for growing and displaying plants

Weather the state of the atmosphere on a given day such as, temperature, precipitation, and humidity

Groundwater the water beneath the surface of the ground, consisting largely of surface water that has seeped down; the source of water in springs and wells

5th Grade Science Vocabulary Biomes and Ecosystems

Incomplete Metamorphosis insect development that happens in 3 stages: egg, nymph, adult

Complete Metamorphosis insect development that happens in 4 stages: egg, larva, pupa, adult

Decomposer an organism that gets its energy by eating dead organisms, non-living material, or wastes

Scavenger an organism that feeds on dead organic matter

a behavior that an organism is born knowing how to do Instinct a behavior that an organism is born knowing how to do

Nymph the stage of incomplete metamorphosis during which an insect eats and grows and resembles a smaller version of the adult insect

a community of living and nonliving things within an environment Ecosystem a community of living and nonliving things within an environment

Biome  an area with a specific climate that is home to a major community of plants and animals with similar requirements of environmental conditions

the role an organism plays in its environment Niche the role an organism plays in its environment

an organism that feeds on plants or other animals Consumer an organism that feeds on plants or other animals

the natural environment of an organism; where the organism lives Habitat the natural environment of an organism; where the organism lives

Inherited Traits a characteristic passed from the male and female parents to the offspring or child

Factors in the environment that are living. Biotic Factors in the environment that are living.

Factors in the environment that are not living Abiotic Factors in the environment that are not living

Learned Behavior behavior that is acquired as a result of the experience of the individual organism (e.g., learning to play baseball well)