(EVD) By Dr Lekan Adelakun Impact Healthserve Ltd Quaint Consultants (Advocacy For Health And Safety Programmes) Tel: , quaint consultants

Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) EBOLA – THE DEADLIEST VHF KNOCKING ON THE DOOR By Dr Lekan Adelakun Impact Healthserve Ltd Quaint Coinsultants (Advocacy For Health & Safety Programmes) Tel: , quaint consultants

Data: August 6 quaint consultants

Data: August 12 quaint consultants No of infected persons: 1838 No of deaths: 1013 ……..WHO

Data: August 20 quaint consultants No of infected persons: 2614 No of deaths: 1427 ……..WHO

Data: August 29 quaint consultants No of infected persons: 3069 No of deaths: 1572 ……..WHO

Ebola In Nigeria! Lagos: Quick Response Contact Tracing Team Treatment Centre 13 cases, 5 deaths Lagos: 159 of 331 under surveillance quaint consultants

Ebola In Nigeria: The PH twist! PH: 3 cases, 1 death 200 under surveillance: 60 missing 15 cases in all 6 deaths, 7 discharges cleared quaint consultants

Ebola Response Update for 16 July July 2014 Ebolavirus ecology

Modes of transmission Fruit bats Animals: monkeys, apes, gorillas,forest antelopes Human Human quaint consultants

Human  Direct contact: secretions, organs or body fluids-D/A  Indirect contact: contaminated environment, materials, utensils and medical equipment like needles  Semen quaint consultants

Clinical Features Fever, sore throat, cough, hiccups, chest & abdominal pain, muscle pains, headache, weakness, nausea, vomiting, rash and diarrhea

Multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)  Impairment of functions of liver, kidney, circulatory, CNS and other organs CNS manifestations: severe headaches,confusion, agitation, seizures, may go into coma Bleeding- internal and external- prognostical quaint consultants

Differential Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis: Malaria, typhoid fever, cholera, meningitis, hepatitis, shigellosis, plaque and other viral hemorrhagic fevers Diagnosis: blood test for EBV antibodies, RNA Confirmation: Isolating the virus ] ] quaint consultants

Diagnosis Blood test for EBV antibodies, RNA Confirmation: Isolating the virus ] ] quaint consultants

Who Is At Risk?  Everyone  Family members of infected persons  Medical personnel, Care givers, Morticians: Victims, Amplifiers  People working with animals  People eating bush meat and unidentified animals quaint consultants

Outbreak risk assessment 19  Serious public health event that threatens global public health security  Controllable --- Evidence-based Ebola interventions  First large Ebola Virus Disease outbreak in West Africa  First complex mix transmission pattern documented  Rural outbreak  Urban outbreak  Cross-border outbreaks  Unusual number of health care workers among the cases and deaths (health facilities serving as amplifier of the EVD)

Issues And Challenges Denial, fear and panic among population & health workers Most confirmed cases and deaths linked to traditional burial practices and funeral rites Beliefs/myths, practices and handling of dead bodies Rapid spread in densely populated peri- & urban areas Weak health system, surveillance and infection control measures Inadequate funding

Management No known cure or vaccine: symptomatic and intensive supportive management. Promising drugs: Anti-viral, fertility & breast cancer drugs, Zmapp, Antibodies Vaccine: VSV- EBOV quaint consultants

Drug Zmapp

Prevention: a, infected animals Human  avoid contact with wild animals  safe animal husbandry and slaughtering  testing animals, killing and proper disposal of infected ones  knowledge of type of meat  cooking meat thoroughly before eating quaint consultants

What Works

What Doesn’t!

Prevention: b, Human Human It’s in your hands:WASH THOSE HANDS- frequent washing of hands with soap and water, alcohol or other hand sanitizer use sodium hypochlorite or other detergents for contaminated Environmental Hygiene quaint consultants

Prevention: b, Human Human Avoid touching suspected ill or suspicious dead person Role of Immunity Early identification & reporting: Surveillance, quarantine, isolation of infected persons quaint consultants

Prevention: b, Human Human Nos to call: Help Line: or 0800EBOLAHELP quaint consultants

Prevention: b, Human Human Universal precaution: wearing protective clothing when around someone sick with the disease handle samples with an extreme degree of caution adequate sterilization of medical equipment quaint consultants

Prevention: b, Human Human quaint consultants

Prevention: b, Human Human Universal precaution: proper disposal of medical waste, contaminated utensils and materials quaint consultants

Prevention: b, Human Human Universal precaution: environment and materials proper disposal of dead victims quaint consultants

Prevention: Universal precaution: quaint consultants

Safe Burial Rites/ Cremation quaint consultants

Be Warned! Be Vigilant!! Be Protected!!! Be Safe!!!! It’s In Your Hands:

Thank You For Your Attention