Skeletal System.

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Presentation transcript:

Skeletal System

I. Functions of bone A. Support B. Protection C. Movement-lever system D. Storage E. Blood cell formation

II. Classification of bones A. Long bone B. Flat bone C. Short bone D. Irregular bone

III. Gross Anatomy of a Long Bone A. Diaphysis B. Periosteum C. Epiphyses D. Articular cartilage E. Epiphyseal plate F. Medullary cavity

IV. Microscopic anatomy-Haversian units A. Haversian unit B. Haversian canal C. Osteoblast/cyte D. Canaliculi E. Lamellae

V. Bone growth-endochondral ossification A. Fetal cart. B. Boney collar C. Primary ossifiation center D. Secondary center E. Epiphyseal plate F. Appositional growth- Osteoclasts vs. osteoclasts Bone remodeling

VI. Intramembranous ossification A. Soft spot B. Sites of eventual suture lines C. Allows for compression during birth D. Allows for growth of brain during first year

VI. Rickets A. Children’s disease B. Failure to calcify C. Lack of calcium D. Lack of vitamin D E. Sunlight

VII. Fractures A. Greenstick B. Spiral C. Comminuted D. Transverse E. Compound

VIII. Divisions of the skeleton A. Axial-forms the longitudinal axis of the body 1. skull 2. vertebral column 3. thoracic cage B. Appendicular-appendages and girdles

IX. Skull Frontal Bone Squamousal suture Parietal bone Lambdoid suture Occipital bone External auditory meatus Mastoid process Styloid process Mandible Maxilla Nasal Coronal suture

A. Nasal bone B. Frontal C. Zygomatic D. Maxilla E. Mandible F . Perpendicular plate of ethmoid

Skull Inferior View A. Maxilla B. Palatine C. Sphenoid D. Mastoid E. Occipital Condyle F. Foramen magnum G. Styloid process

X. Vertebral column A. Regions 1. Cervical-7 2. Thoracic-12 3. Lumbar-5 4. Sacral-5 fused 5. Coccyx-4 fused 6. Atlas 7. Axis

B. Abnormal spinal curvatures 1. kyphosis 2. lordosis 3. scoliosis

XI. Sternum A. Manubrium B. Body C. Xiphoid process D. True ribs E. False ribs F. Floating ribs G. Jugular notch H. Sternal angle I. Sternal puncture

XII. Skeleton A. Radius B. Sacrum C. Ulna D. Carpals E. Metacarpals G. Phlanges H. Tibia I. Fibula J. Tarsals K. Metatarsals L. Phlanges M. Patella N. Femur O. Pelvic girdle P. Humerus Q. Scapula R. Clavicle

Pectoral Girdle

Elbow Joint

Pelvic Girdle