Physical Science Basics

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Ms. Hirsh Physical Science

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Presentation transcript:

Physical Science Basics Physical Science Unit 1 Physical Science Basics

Science Terms Pure Science: studying the world or learning new things about it Ex. finding a new plant Technology, or applied science: using science to improve someone’s life Ex. Using plants to make medicine

Branches of Science Life Science: study of living things…biology Earth Science: study of Earth formations and how we “fit” in the universe Physical Science: study of matter and energy Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space Any solid, liquid, or gas Energy: the ability to cause change Motion, sound, light, heat

The Scientific Method the way scientists collect information and test ideas Problem/Question Observations Gather information Hypothesis Proposed solution (testable) Experiment Test with organized procedure Record and Analyze Data Conclusion Answer question from step 1 Repeat

Law vs. Theory Scientific Law: describes something's behavior and has been proven by many experiments Ex. When you release an object into the air, it falls to the ground Scientific Theory: explains WHY something behaves the way it does Ex. The object falls to the ground because of Earth’s gravity

Good Experiment has several parts: Control: something to compare your results to Constants: parts that do not change Independent Variable: part that the scientist changes Dependent Variable: part that changes because of the independent variable

Example Group 1 (OFF): 4 mosquito bites Ms. Rhoney wants to find out which bug spray works best: Off, Avon, or Cutter. Four students help her. These are her results: Group 1 (OFF): 4 mosquito bites Group 2 (Avon): 18 mosquito bites Group 3 (Cutter): 10 mosquito bites Group 4 (none): 28 mosquito bites

What should be the control? (How do we know the sprays work at all?) What should have been kept constant? What is the independent variable? (what did she change each time?) What is the dependent variable? (what changed because of the type of spray used?) What should be her conclusion?

Graph of Bug Spray Data # of bug bites

Graphing A Graph is a visual display of data

Circle Graph Circle Graphs, or pie graphs show how something is broken down into parts.(usually %)

Bar Graph Bar Graphs show information that has been counted. # M&M’s

Line Graphs Line Graphs are used to show trends of how data changes over time. The Independent Variable is on the x- axis and the Dependent Variable is on the y-axis. Temperature C Time (minutes)

Interpolate and Extrapolate: