8 Chapter Emotional and Social Development of Infants Contents Section 8.1 Understanding Emotional Development of Infants Section 8.2 Understanding Social Development of Infants

Section 8.1 Understanding Emotional Development of Infants Caregivers play a large role in babies’ emotional development, helping them learn to express feelings and develop a personal identity.

Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary emotional development crucial colic reflux attachment failure to thrive temperament crucial hinder

Emotions and Emotional Development Babies learn emotions through interaction with caregivers. Crying is part of a baby’s emotional development. emotional development The process of learning to recognize and express feelings and to establish a personal identity. 4

Emotions and Emotional Development A crying baby can be comforted with motion, cuddling, singing, massage, or a toy. Babies self-comfort by sucking on a thumb or a pacifier. Uncontrollable crying may be caused by colic or reflux. colic Uncontrollable crying by an otherwise healthy baby. reflux A condition in which partially digested food rises in the throat.

Attachment and Emotional Development Attachments are essential to the healthy emotional development of an infant. Attachments help babies build healthy, loving relationships later in life. 6

Attachment and Emotional Development Attachments can be built through touch, consistent care, and communication. Lack of love and attention can cause failure to thrive. failure to thrive A condition in which babies do not grow and develop properly. 7

Understanding Temperament Understanding a baby’s temperament allows the caregiver to know what care is needed. Caregivers need to adapt to a child’s temperament. temperament A person’s unique emotional makeup.

Understanding Temperament Describe each temperament trait. Trait Description Highly intense children have powerful responses. They may cry and scream loudly. Less intense children tend to be calmer and quieter. Intensity Very persistent children take on challenges. They do not like to stop in the middle of a project. Less persistent children can be persuaded to move on to new activities. They can accept no for an answer. Persistence Highly sensitive children have their feelings hurt easily. They may be bothered by sights, sounds, or smells. Less sensitive children are not as concerned with others’ opinions of them. They may not perceive other people’s emotions as easily. Sensitivity 9

Understanding Temperament Describe each temperament trait. Trait Description Highly perceptive children get distracted easily. They have a hard time following complex directions. Less perceptive children notice less of what is going on around them. This makes it easier to follow through on multi-step tasks. Perceptiveness Highly adaptable children are not bothered by surprises or changes of plans. Less adaptable children resist change. Adaptability Highly regular children like to eat, sleep, and go to the bathroom at about the same time each day. Less regular children have a different schedule each day. Regularity 10

Understanding Temperament Describe each temperament trait. Trait Description High-energy children love to move. They often squirm and move around in their seats. They would often rather run than walk. Low-energy children move much less and may seem more relaxed. Activity High-approach children dive right in. These children are open to new activities and willing to try new foods. Low-approach children are more shy and cautious. Approach Children with a positive mood have a rosy outlook. They expect the best from people. Children with a negative mood may be more suspicious. They may easily feel angry or disappointed. Mood 11

Emotional Climate of the Home Babies are influenced by adults’ emotions, voice, gestures, and facial expressions. Babies need to feel affection and caring.

Section 8.2 Understanding Social Development of Infants Caregivers play a large role in a baby’s social development. They help the infant learn to form relationships and feel comfortable in his or her world.

Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary social development cause and effect model stranger anxiety play environment lead motivate

Social Development and Learning Social development is closely related to emotional development. Babies learn by observing cause and effect and through imitation. cause and effect A relationship between events in which one event, the effect, is caused by another event. social development The process of learning how to interact and express oneself with others.

Social Development and Learning Parents need to model good behavior. Babies develop better socially if they get more positive responses than negative ones to their behaviors. Stranger anxiety is common in babies. stranger anxiety A fear of unfamiliar people, usually expressed by crying.

Social Development Through Play Babies learn about the world around them through play. Play strengthens all areas of growth and development.

Social Development Through Play Babies learn about interacting with others through play. Babies use all senses to explore. How do babies use the sense of taste to explore?

Understanding Emotional Development of Infants Chapter Summary Section 8.1 Understanding Emotional Development of Infants Emotional development is the process of learning to recognize and express feelings and to establish a personal identity. Caregivers can help shape emotional development by providing consistent, responsive, and loving care. Temperaments and the emotional climate of the home also influence emotional development. 19

Understanding Social Development of Infants Chapter Summary Section 8.2 Understanding Social Development of Infants Social development is the process of learning how to interact and express oneself with others. Babies learn social behavior by watching and interacting with others. Stranger anxiety is a normal sign of social development. Babies learn about the world by playing and exploring. 20

Review Do you remember the vocabulary terms from this chapter? Use the following slides to check your knowledge of the definitions. The slides in this section include both English and Spanish terms and definitions. Start

emotional development desarrollo emocional The process of learning to recognize and express feelings and to establish a personal identity. El proceso de aprender a reconocer y expresar emociones, y desarrollar la personalidad. Show Definition

A feeling response to the world around us. emotion emoción A feeling response to the world around us. Sentimiento en respuesta a las cosas que pasan en nuestro alrededor. Show Definition

Uncontrollable crying by an otherwise healthy baby. colic cólico Uncontrollable crying by an otherwise healthy baby. Llanto incontrolable de un bebé que por lo demás es saludable. Show Definition

reflux reflujo A condition in which partially digested food rises in the throat. Una condición en la que comida parcialmente digerida se devuelve a la garganta. Show Definition

A baby’s bond to his or her main caregiver. attachment apego A baby’s bond to his or her main caregiver. Vínculo entre un bebé y la persona que lo cuida. Show Definition

retardo de crecimiento failure to thrive A condition in which babies do not grow and develop properly. Condición que no permite que un bebé crezca normalmente. Show Definition

A person’s unique emotional makeup. temperament temperamento A person’s unique emotional makeup. Disposición emocional única de cada persona. Show Definition

El proceso de aprender cómo interactuar y expresarse con otros. social development desarrollo social The process of learning how to interact and express oneself with others. El proceso de aprender cómo interactuar y expresarse con otros. Show Definition

cause and effect causa y efecto A relationship between events in which one event, the effect, is caused by another event. Relación entre dos sucesos en la que uno, el efecto, es causado por el otro. Show Definition

model ejemplar To base a behavior on somebody else; to teach it through example. Que sirve de modelo de comportamiento; que enseña dando buen ejemplo. Show Definition

ansiedad a los extraños stranger anxiety A fear of unfamiliar people, usually expressed by crying. Miedo a la gente no conocida, normalmente expresado con llanto. Show Definition

play environment ambiente de juego A comfortable space free of dangers and with toys that are safe and interesting. Un espacio cómodo, libre de peligros y con juegos que son seguros e interesantes. Show Definition

Essential; very important. Esencial; muy importante. crucial crucial Essential; very important. Esencial; muy importante. Show Definition

To delay or obstruct the development of someone or something. hinder impedir To delay or obstruct the development of someone or something. Retrasar u obstaculizar el desarrollo de algo o de alguien. Show Definition

An example or precedent. Ejemplo o precedente. lead guía An example or precedent. Ejemplo o precedente. Show Definition

To provide a reason to do something. Dar una razón para hacer algo. motivate motivar To provide a reason to do something. Dar una razón para hacer algo. Show Definition

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