Type I Supernovae Eric LeJeune. Supernova High-mass star’s final brilliance Star explodes A turning off or sudden turn on of nuclear fusion.

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Presentation transcript:

Type I Supernovae Eric LeJeune

Supernova High-mass star’s final brilliance Star explodes A turning off or sudden turn on of nuclear fusion

Classifying Type I & Type II ◦ Type I doesn’t have hydrogen Type Ia, Ib, Ic ◦ Type Ia  Exploded white dwarf ◦ Type Ib & Ic  Massive stars that have blown away outer layers  Doesn’t have a silicon line like type Ia

Type Ia Supernovae

What leads to a Ia supernova? Single Degenerate ModelDouble Degenerate Model

Single Degenerate Model Two sun-like stars in binary system One goes to red giant, to white dwarf The other star eventually goes red giant White dwarf accretes Chandrasekhar limit and nuclear fusion

The Explosion Deflagration and detonationBrighter than entire galaxies

SUPERNOVA 2005KE Visible UV X-Ray

The Aftermath No leftovers, no neutron star or black hole The white dwarf is completely obliterated

Type Ia Remnants

Implications Similar compositions, same mass Practically same brightness Can measure distances Observed Brightness = Luminosity 4π*Distance 2 Standard candle

The Universe’s Accelerating Expansion Observe supernova Determine distance Results are farther away, and receding faster than expected in a universe expanding at a constant rate Conclude accelerating expansion

Type Ib & Ic Supernovae

Core Collapse Super massive star at the end of its lifetime Star has layers of fused chemical elements up to iron Iron does not fuse so the core can’t generate heat. Once the core reaches the Chandrasekhar mass, the core pressure drops and overlying material falls in.

More Core Collapse The core collapses and material bounces off the core, resulting in a shock wave Neutrino pulse propels shock wave Shock wave blows star apart

Type Ib & Ic Supernovae Type II supernovae Type Ib supernovae ◦ Blown off hydrogen shell Type Ic supernovae ◦ Blown off hydrogen and helium shells

Visualizing Type Ib & Ic Supernovae Type Ib (SN 2005bf)Type Ic (SN 2006jc)

Images nel.jpg nel.jpg _579.jpg _579.jpg d_star_fusion_shells.png d_star_fusion_shells.png

Works Referenced Bennett, Jeffrey, Megan Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, and Mark Voit. The Cosmic Perspective. 3rd ed. Boston: Addison Wesley, "Dark Energy." ChemistryDaily.com. 01 Jan Nov Goldhaber, Gerson and Saul Perlmutter. "A study of 42 type Ia supernovae and a resulting measurement of Ω M and ΩΛ." Physics Reports Dec Nov Hillebrandt, Wolfgang, Hans-Thomas Janka, and Ewald Müller. "How to Blow Up a Star." Scientific American Oct. 2006: Leibundgut, Bruno and Jesper Sollerman. "A cosmological surprise: the universe accelerates." Europhysics News Nov "Supernova." wikipedia.org. 27 Nov Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.. 27 Nov "Type Ia Supernova." wikipedia.org. 25 Nov Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.. 27 Nov Van Dyk, Schuyler D.. "ASTRONOMY: Elusive Supernova Progenitors." Science Nov Nov Wawrzyn, Alexander. "Modeling Supernovae with PHOENIX." 05 Sep Universität Hamburg. 27 Nov 2007.

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