Warm up: In your table groups, compare answers and fill in any missing information from Monday’s activity. You will have 10 minutes. Standard Objectives 10.7.1 - Students understand the causes and consequences of the Russian Revolution, including Lenin’s use of totalitarian means to seize and maintain control (e.g., the Gulag). I will summarize the main causes of the Russian Revolution and understand the impact on Lenin’s rise to power.

Which of the two statements do you agree with most? Why? Explain. “Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun” “Victory attained by violence is tantamount (equal) to a defeat, for it is momentary” Show AYIJ disk 6 “Adventures in the Secret Service” 1:02- 1:05

The Russian Revolution Begins! Two Main Revolutions Both revolutions take place in 1917 March 1917 Czar Nicholas II abdicates (gives up) the Russian throne November 1917 also known as the Bolshevik Revolution Bolshevik Party forces take over the government offices in Petrograd (St. Petersburg)

What caused the people of Russia to start a revolution? Widespread suffering under AUTOCRACY (a form of government in which one person, in this case the czar, has absolute power) People were not happy with the Czar and the large gap of power and money 2. Weak leadership of Czar Nicholas II who clung to autocracy despite changing times Wants Russification to happen rather than change his view for his people

What caused the people of Russia to start a revolution? (continued) 3. Poor working conditions, low wages, and industrialization No laws protecting the people to getting better working conditions 4. Many revolutionary groups believed a worker- run communist government should replace czarist rule The writings of Karl Marx influence the workers to start labor unions and potentially replace the czar

What caused the people of Russia to start a revolution? (continued) 5. Russian defeated in the Russo- Japanese War (1905), led to rising unrest in Russia. Fought the Japanese for Manchuria (wanted a warm water port) The Russia people did not want to fight a war that was thousands of miles away Some believed there was no reason for the war The war was a complete disaster Lost its only year round port A large part of the navy was destroyed Leads up to Bloody Sunday

What caused the people of Russia to start a revolution? (continued) 6. BLOODY SUNDAY A group of workers begin a strike at the Czar’s Winter Palace led by Father Gapon Czar’s guards open fire on the unarmed protestors and kill hundreds of them

Primary Source! Analyze the Primary source on Father Gapon and Bloody Sunday. Answer the three questions on the back of the sheet of paper. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RIgU0homwBU

What caused the people of Russia to start a revolution? (continued) 7. Devastation of World War I high casualties Too many soldiers were dying in the field of battle because they did not have enough supplies or ammunition economic problems Russia could not industrialize fast enough unlike its Western European counterparts widespread hunger Due to the spending on the war, the Russians do not have enough food to feed themselves 8. Soldiers who were brought in for crowd control join the crowd and call out “Down with the autocracy!” Soldiers turned on their commanding officer (the Czar) and joined with the workers who were revolting.

Stop! Question Time! Name all 8 of the main causes of the Russian Revolution prior to the Bolshevik revolution. Which do you feel is the main cause of the people revolting against the czar. Explain.

Lenin Speech Questions According to Lenin who is making all the money from war? According to Lenin who will be in charge of Russia? What is Lenin’s slogan?

PEACE, LAND, BREAD! Lenin wants: Peace for soldiers Land for peasants End the War against Germany Land for peasants End the serfdom which the rich controlled most of the land Bread for the workers Raise wages to feed the workers

This assignment is due at the end of class. No exceptions! CLASSWORK This assignment is due at the end of class. No exceptions! Create either a cartoon or a timeline for ALL of the CAUSES of the Russian Revolution. MUST BE IN COLOR! Guidelines for cartoon Guidelines for timeline -All causes must be arranged according to date. -All causes must have a 3- 5 sentence description written in YOUR OWN words (if you copy the notes you will receive a ZERO!) THIS IS NOT ON THE WORKSHEET -All causes must be illustrated. -Illustrations must clearly represent the events described -No writing explaining the cause/ speech bubbles are acceptable.

Warm up: What are the 8 reasons the Russian Revolution In November 1917 began? Standard Objectives 10.7.1 - Students understand the causes and consequences of the Russian Revolution, including Lenin’s use of totalitarian means to seize and maintain control (e.g., the Gulag). I will catalog the consequences of the Russian Revolution through primary and secondary source analysis.

Aftermath of the Revolution 1.The government is taken over by the Bolshevik Party led by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. 90,000 Women march on Petrograd Czar Nicholas does not take it seriously Country left in disarray With no czar, there was no government Communist Party

Petrograd Soviets vs. the Provisional Government Made up of soldiers and workers The Soviets did not believe Russia could undergo a true socialist revolution Power was given to the Provisional Government to run the country for the time being Provisional Government Made up of mostly middle and upper class members of the Duma Officially ran the country after the czar’s abdication Abolished the death penalty, granted amnesty for all political prisoners and those in exile, Also ended religious and ethnic discrimination, and granted civil liberties. This would bring Lenin back to Petrograd out of exile Did not end to the war, land reform, or better quality of life for the Russian people Believed they should honor their commitment to the Allies to continue to fight in WWI

Lenin Returns with a Vengeance Lenin returns to Petrograd due to the amnesty of political prisoners in exile Upon his return he denounces (blames) the Provisional government Begins to chant for a new revolution Use the foundation that they were still at war Uses his “Peace, Bread, Land” slogan to fuel this revolution

Lenin pulls out of World War 1 2. Lenin negotiates the Treaty of Brest- Litovsk Russia pulls out of the war Part of Lenin’s Promise in “Peace, Bread, Land” Speech Gives up much land to Germany In order to pull out of the war, land must be given to Germany to stop pushing into Russia.

Is that the Red or the White? 3. Civil War 1918- 1920 Starts as the troops return home to the empty promises of Lenin No extra food, farmers were only looking after themselves rather than the good of the people No jobs to be had due to factories no longer producing goods for the war Lives became worse as a whole Bolsheviks “red” army VS. anti- Bolsheviks “white” army White army consisted mostly of monarchists (those loyal to the czar), liberals, and other socialists Red army was made up of the followers of Lenin 15 million die in conflict and famine Red Army is eventually victorious

Pop! Pop! 4. Czarist rule ends Nicholas II and his family are all executed by the Bolsheviks The Red Army was worried that the Whites would free the Czar Whites wanted a get a boost to rally with to beat the Red Army Would try to restore the Czar to the throne The Night of July 17th Czar Nicholas, his wife, their children, the family dog, three servants, and the family doctor were all woken up, taken to the basement, and shot.

More Aftermath To help the proletariat (working people) 5. Farmland was confiscated (taken away) and redistributed to farmers 6. Banks are nationalized and the government was now in charge of the economy

Question Time! Confiscating land and distributing it among the farmers and nationalizing banks are both examples of Russia’s attempt to change its economy to: CAPITALISM COMMUNISM UTOPIANISM UTILITARANISM Explain your answer

Last of the Aftermath 7. Russian economy is ruined Industrial production decreases Skilled workers flee the country 8. Lenin asserts his control by cruel methods Gulags (concentration/ work camps) are set up in Siberia Secret police is used to spy on people

Russia becomes the USSR As a result of the Russian Revolution Russia becomes a communist country and the Bolsheviks change its name to United Soviet Socialist Republic = SOVIET UNION

10.7.1 Summary What was the Russian Revolution? What caused the Revolution? As a result of the Revolution, what happened in Russia?

Journal What is an allegory?

Hint: It’s an allegory to a season

How is this an allegory? Hint: The Na’vi of Pandora are oppressed by the alien humans

Official Definition A device in which characters or events in a story, poem, or picture represent or symbolize ideas and concepts.