TMALL 0141 Presentation v 1.0 Structure and Conceptual Model Principles for the Swedish Transport Administration information systematics Anders Ekholm

2 The Structure and Conceptual Model project The Swedish Transport Administration (Trafikverket) is the Government agency responsible for the long-term planning of the transport system. Trafikverket is also in charge of the state road network and national railway network. Trafikverket shall implement a common co-ordinated information systematic The systematic shall be used – For describing resources, processes, results and properties of interest – Throughout the whole chain of planning, design, production and asset management of Trafikverket’s road and railway network – Both for BIM and for established applications in the processes The work includes classification of every object of interest for defining requirements, in planning, design, production, and asset management The work will be carried out in sector wide cooperation with leading companies. The new systematics will replace the current BSAB 96

3 The Swedish Construction and Facility Management sector The Swedish C/FM-sektor consists of – contractors, – 700 architect and consultancy companies, – real estate companies, – material producers, – 290 municipalities. Ability to co-operate Ability to improvise A common language – based on classification Information technology – a tool

4 Building classification - applications Urban Planning Programming Design BIM Specification Drawing and object encoding Quantity calculation Costing Production planning Materials management Construction Product Information Management From SBUF report BIM Standardization Needs

5 The standard for building classification ISO has been revised to support e.g. BIM and new metods of construction procurement New status: ISO/FDIS :2013 Every part of a construction entity shall be classified according to the same principles of subdivision, i.e. function, form and/or position Enables mapping between national tables ISO/FDIS :2013

6 News in ISO/FDIS :2013 The new definition of Construction elements supports existing classifications as well as applications within BIM. Before: ”construction entity part which, in itself or in combination with other such parts, fulfils a predominating function of the construction entity”. This definition only mentions function as subdividing property Now: ”constituent of a construction entity with a characteristic technical function, form or position”. Wall? Wall!

7 Use function and general technical solution Use, including production, operation and maintenance, places demands on use functions of various types (load carrying capacity, privacy, climate, media, maintenance intervals, etc.). In the design of construction entities an assumption of a general technical solution that can satisfy use functions is made, e.g. a house, road or bridge, where construction elements with the intended function and shape has been determined. Examples include roofs, walls, floors and foundations for houses, roadway, hard shoulder and embankment for roads, and bridgeway and bridge structure for bridges, each with their use functions, shape, and position.

8 Constructive function and detailed technical solution The detailed design is made as technical solutions for each of the construction elements These technical solutions are in turn composed of building elements, eg, trussed rafter, stud frame, precast concrete slab, bitumen bound surface course, in situ concrete bridge way construction Construction elements in detailed technical solutions have different constructive functions.

9 Construction elements in different levels support design Construction elements: parts of construction entities with function, form and/or position Function: bonding relation between things. Function can be in relation to user activity and environment (use function) and to other construction elements (constructive function) Technical system: system of construction elements in construction entities with function for a user activity – Technical systems can be subdivided into several levels of composition, where elements in a higher level may consist of elements in a lower level. Technical solution: a determined composition of construction elements. – A general technical solution has determined construction elements in a higher level of composition, while elements in a lower level are undetermined. – In a detailed technical solution also elements in a lower level are determined. – Construction elements in a detailed technical solution may also be determined according to manufacture and assembly. Technical system is an important addition realtive to ISO/FDIS

10 Exemples of construction elements in a general technical solution of Road Construction (TS) Road construction Middle verge Verge Walk and bicycle way Roadway Inner slope Outer slope Edge strip Inner slope Edge strip It is not necessary to assume a thickness for the Road construction to determine construction elements in the general technical solution, surface profile is enough.

11 Examples of construction elements in a detailed technical solution of a road construction Wearing course Bound base course Unbound base course Reinforcing layer Protection layer Subgrade Road bed Slope construction Wall Slope constructionRoad body Superstructure: The number of layers depends on the requirements on the technical solution

12 Table structure TS Road construction (road body+slope construction) Level 1typesLevel 2typesLevel 3typesLevel 4types Roadway Walk and bicycle way Walk way Bicycle way Verge Slope Edge strip Noise screen Wearing course Bound base course Unbound base course Reinforcing layer Protection layer Vegetation layer Road bed Bitumen Gravel Makadam Concrete block Mortar Soil Plants Construction elements in level 2 can be part of Construction elements in level 1, etc. The levels represent increasing specification detailing Construction elements in level 1 have use functions

13 New systematic vs BSAB 96 In the BSAB-system an external wall as a whole is not a class, but its constituents are construction elements (i.e. design is not supported fully) An external wall is one (1) class i the new systematic In BSAB 96 internal walls belong to different classes depending on if they are load-bearing or non-load-bearing. This application hinders the use in digital models, where load-bearing is seen as a property of a wall rather than as class distinguishing. CE External wall New systematic 42.B/20 External climatic envelopes in external walls – masonry, plaster 42.C/42 Internal climatic envelopes in external walls – boards and wood studs or wood-based framing 27.C/42 Loadbearing external walls - boards and wood studs or wood-based framing 44.C In situ finishing covering on walls

14 New systematic vs BSAB 96 CE External covering: FSG.2, BC.111 CE Wall structure: HSD.113, HSD.111 CE Insulation: IBE.241 CE Internal covering: KBC.211 CE Internal finishing layer: LCS.2212 Construction elements i several composition levels may be objects, e.g. ”External covering” in an external wall in a BIM. Production results specifying material and work of an element can be handled as properties. Designed element according to the earlier standard is a construction element with determined work results. CE External wall New systematic 42.B/20 External climatic envelopes in external walls – masonry, plaster 42.C/42 Internal climatic envelopes in external walls – boards and wood studs or wood-based framing 27.C/42 Loadbearing external walls - boards and wood studs or wood-based framing 44.C In situ finishing covering on walls FSG.2 Brickwalls KBC.111 Layers of plasterboards as wind shield IBE.241 Thermal insulation of mineral wool between studs in external walls HSD.113 Single stud frames of wood for walls HSD.111 Sleepers for posts, stud frames etc KBC.211 Layers of plasterboard on studs in walls, columns etc. indoors LCS.2212 In situ painting of walls, columns etc indoors

15 Exemples of construction elements in TS Wall system Wall systemLevel 1typesLevel 2typesLevel 3types Wall External wall Internal wall External coveringBricks Mortar Studs Mineral wool Plasterboard Nails Wall structure Insulation Internal covering Surface finishing WindowFrame Glazing Casement Door Internal door External door Frame Door blade Gate Hatch

16 Classes in BIM-applications In conjunction with BIM instances (information objects) are created from schema classes, such as interior wall created with the wall tool. The instance is thus by definition a wall. The BIM application's tool classes are geometry objects; their classification as construction objects must be listed separately as a property. In practice, the BIM object "slab" can be used to create, besides slab, a table top, a ceiling, and an inner floor. In quantity calculation with BIM the designated classification is used in stead of instance class. In a BIM application for design the tool classes should be construction elements in general technical solutions that will enable the determination of construction elements and characteristics in more detailed technical solutions. Construction object x y z x y z ID Reference- geometry - part of - has parts - material - colour - weight - price Form Classification Properties

17 ”KLASADO” BSAB 2016 The project is managed by BIM Alliance Sweden and Svensk Byggtjänst through a steering group which is already formed I styrgruppen föreslås att följande organisationer finns representerade: –BIM Alliance Sweden (ordförande) –Trafikverket –Svensk Byggtjänst –Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting (SKL) –Samverkansforum –Swedavia –Fastighetskontoret, Stockholms stad –Trafikförvaltningen, Stockholms läns landsting –Sveriges Byggindustrier –VVS-företagen –Svenska Teknik & Designföretagen (STD)