5 Themes of Geography: Caribbean Presentation PowerPoint Created By: Mrs. Kavalow-Huie’s Period 8 Class Group 1

Location 88° W to 58° W 11° N to 26° N South of Florida East of Mexico Surrounded by Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean

Place – Physical Temperature is in the 70's year round Average rainfall is 80 inches per year Houseyards - Small properties less than half an acre in the Caribbean Dry basin in western Hispaniola Hurricanes - Storm of heavy rain and fierce wind beginning in July Tropical fruit trees for example coconut trees Intertropical Convergency Zone Tropical Rainforests

Place - Human Caribbean English - Slang influenced form the diverse culture Religion blended from Umbanda, Macuba, Candomble, and Voodoo Languages spoken are... Spanish, spoken mainly in Cuba and the Dominican Republic French, spoken in Haiti and French Guiana English, spoken mainly in Jamaica, Belize, and the Bahamas Dutch, spoken in Suriname

Place – Human (Continued) Music: Reggae, Calypso, Merengue, and Zouk Maroon Societies - Made up of runaway slaves Creolization - Blending of African and European cultural elements Ra-Ra - Type of music in Haiti that mixes funk and reggae music with saxophones and bamboo trumpets Rastafarian religion - Believing "Jah" was the living force and "Ganja" should be consumed regularly African Diaspora - Blended slaves from Africa with Caribbean culture. Folk Music Famous Musician – Bob Marley – Took a political stance – famous for music

Movement – People Imported Slaves Circle migration flow Left because of limited economic opportunity Went to England France Netherlands and north America ( US and Canada) for jobs in cities Circle migration flow Parents leave, work hard, save money and return home Chain migration Move to a new country one family member at a time

Movement – People (Cont.) Rural to urban migration because of mechanized agriculture offshore industrialization, and rapid population growth Moved to Caribbean looking for farm work looking for House yards- provided a cheaper way of living Asian Migration Maroons- runaway slaves that formed their own communities

Interaction Between Humans and the Environment Built natural parks to increase wildlife and awareness Europeans cut down Caribbean forests to make room for sugarcane fields Several Dams were built on islands to supply people with water Mangrove swamps were cleared to make beaches

Interaction Between Humans and the Environment Because soil easily eroded they produced strategies such as, clearing new land, abandoning old land and conserving soil, and maintaining fertility. Climate too dry to support agricuulture so they produced salt and raised goats instead

Interaction Between Humans and the Environment Residents of Montserrat had to evacuate at certain times due to volcanic activity Savannas were used for farming because they are good for farming Limestone base in Cuba results in fertile red clay soil

Region - Physical Isolated proximity Isolation protects cultural diversity Limited economic opportunities Neighboring the United States Dependency on U.S Connections to transnational organizations

Region - Physical Greater Antilles Islands that have the bulk of the region’s population Arable Lands Refuge for run away slaves and subsitence farmers

Region - Physical Lesser Antilles Two-arc group of small islands formed from the Virgin Islands to Trinidad Areas rage from mountains to volcanoes to sedimentary basins

Region - Physical Rimland States: Costal Area Starts in Belize Follows the coast line of Central America through northern South America Descriptions Belize (Limestone) Guianas (rolling hills)

Region - Physical Antillean Islands Islands that begin with Cuba and end with Trinidad Provide many marine resources such as: Fish Turtle Manatee Lobster Crab

Region - Cultural Plantation America Begins halfway up the coast of Brazil, continuing through Guianas and the Caribbean Ruined the cultural capacity of the region

Region - Cultural Neo-Africa Slaves were brought in because of African dispora Caused a new wave of African citizens to the Caribbean

Region - Political Cuban-style socialism Democratically-elected leader Socialist-like gov’t

Region - Political Monroe Doctrine Made the Caribbean part of its “Sphere of Influence” Caused neocolonialsim

Region - Political Dependent Territories Rely upon one central government I.E – France, England, Spain Many choose to stay this way for Benefits Economic Benifits

Region - Political Porto Rico Commonwealth Considered Part of the U.S. Food Stamps and Welfare

Region - Political Social Developments Many regions such as these have different levels of education and the status of women

Region - Economic Free Trade Agreement of the Americas Supposed to unify the economies of all of the regions of America

Region - Economic Offshore Banking Specialized services Confidential Tax Exempt $ through fees Caused problems Allowed money laundering Corruption Illegal Funds

Region - Economic Free Trade Zones Removed tariffs from items traded Created duty and tax free industrial centers Caused GDP to rise 15%

Region - Economic CARICOM Caribbean Community and Common Market Represented the former English Colonies Industrialized countries Created the Caribbean Development Bank

Region - Economic “Zero Option” Removed their economy from the Soviet Union Changed transportation Blackouts Change in strategy for farmers Factories worked sparatically because of lack of fuel and energy