Respiratory System

Respiratory System Function Air distributor – all parts but Alveoli Gas Exchanger - Alveoli Air Filter - Nose Air warmer – Nose/Mouth Air humidifier – Nose/Mouth Regulation of homeostasis, pH of Body

Respiratory Tract Divisions Upper Respiratory Tract Lower Respiratory Tract Nose Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx Larynx Trachea All of Bronchial Tree Lungs

Accessory Structures Oral Cavity Rib Cage Respiratory Muscles (Diaphragm)

Nose Nasal Cavity Nasal septum Nasal Hair Mucus Membrane hollow space behind the nose  Nasal septum divides the nose (bone) Nasal Hair In vestibule traps particles Mucus Membrane Starts in respiratory portion of nose (after vestibule) warms and moistens air, also traps particles (dust)

Nose Nasal conchae bones that divide the nasal cavity support the mucus membrane increase surface area (superior, middle, inferior)

Nose See page 687 Structure of the Nose Move movement of Air through Nose

Pharynx behind the oral cavity, between the nasal cavity and larynx space, not a structure

Pharynx Function Path for Respiratory Tract – air path to trachea Path for Digestive Tract – food path to esophagus Affects speech production (Vowel Sounds)

Pharynx Structure - Page 689 23-6 Nasopharynx – Posterior nares to the soft palate Oropharynx – Soft palate to Hyoid bone Laryngopharynx – Hyoid bone to esophagus The eustachian tube connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx

Larynx below pharynx and enlargement at the top of the trachea conducts air in and out of trachea

Larynx Voice Box Vocal Chords- Glottis Cartilages of Larynx Thyroid Cartilage – Adams Apple Epiglottis – prevents food/liquids in Trachea Arytenoid – Vocal Chords attach here

Larynx Cartilage

Larynx Muscles Intrinsic Muscles – Controls vocal cords Extrinsic Muscles – Moves Larynx

Lower Respiratory Tract Bronchial Tree (p. 692, See p. 695, Fig 23-13) Parts in order from largest to smallest Trachea/ Windpipe (11cm or 4.5 inches) Primary Bronchi Secondary Bronchi Bronchioles Alveolar ducts Alveolar sacs  Alveoli

Alveoli- Gas Exchange Gas Exchange

Lung Structure There are 5 lobes in the lungs Two Superior lobes (one on both sides) One Middle lobe (Right side ONLY) Two Inferior lobes (one on both sides) See page 698 – 699 How many on right? Left?

Function of Lungs Air Distribution Gas Exchange

Helpful Resources Larynx Respiratory Summary Steven Tyler's Voice Respiratory System