INDUSTRIAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL Ass. Prof. Dr. Erkan ŞAH İ NKAYA

Source and characteristics of Ind. WW Undesirable WW may include; Soluble Organics Suspended solids Priority pollutants Heavy metals Color and turbidity N and P Refractory organics Oil and grease Persistent organics (such as DDT) Emerging Pollutants (Pharmaceuticals, personal care products, endocrine disrupting compounds)

Flow rate and waste characteristics show great variation depending on Diversity of product manufactured Process operation (batch or continuous) Housekeeping Short term (diurnal) and long term (seasonal) variations are observed.

Variations in Flow and Characteristics

Example Using the measured data for BOD plot frequency of occurrence curve First value = 100/(2*n)

The general procedure to develop necessary information Develop a sewer map and point sampling locations for flow measurement and characterization Establish sampling and analysis schedule. Continuous samples with composites weighted according to flow are the most desirable. But difficult. Continuous processes can be sampled hourly and composited on an 8-, 12- or 24-h basis. Develop a flow and material diagram Establish a statistical variations for flow and waste characteristics

Establishing analysis… The analyses to be run depend on the parameter and purpose. ◦ pH should be measured on grab samples since it can be neutralized in composite samples and mislead for design. ◦ BOD: 8-h or shorter composites. ◦ For nutrient removing systems N and P should be measured on 24-h composites. ◦ Frequency of occurrence is important in statistical analysis

Parameter Unit 2h-Composite samples 24h-Composite samples BOD5(mg/L)4035 COD(mg/L)12090 SS(mg/L)4025 pH-6-9 Turkish Water Pollution Control Regulation

….Composite sampling Isco 3710C Compact Portable Composite Sampler User-friendly programming for all applications basic and extended programming modes provides program your sampler for: Uniform time intervals Non-uniform time intervals Flow-paced sampling with or without time delay

Flow Masurement Depends on physical location of sampling ◦ If water flows through a sewer then calculate velocity, measure water depth and Q=V.A ◦ The area can be calculated from depth of water ◦ Vavrg=0.8*Vsurf ◦ Vsurf is measured using a floating object between two manholes or use a current meter

….flow measurement In a channel flow can be measured by using veirs or measuring velocity and calculating wet area. Use pumping rate for flow measurement Water consumption can be used to estimate wastewater flow Infiltration and exfiltration should be considered. The water loss from sewer can be calculated based on; ◦ Drainage area (0,1-0,2 l/sn.ha) ◦ Length of sewer (0,80 l/sn.km) ◦ Both length and diameter of sewer (0,5-5 m3/d.km.cm)

If Low flow is expected…. When plant is operating well below the design capacity, particularly during the initial years of operation, recycling treated effluent may be considered. Treatment Plant

Flow measurement points On the channels and control manhole WWTP inlet After screens, after grit removal or after primary sedimentation Pump stations Before discharge

Veirs for flow measurement

Operational Cost

PREDICTION OF DENIZLI WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT PERFORMANCE USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODELLING (A master thesis study supervised by Dr. Erkan SAH İ NKAYA) PREDICTION OF DENIZLI WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT PERFORMANCE USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODELLING (A master thesis study supervised by Dr. Erkan SAH İ NKAYA)

The number of municipalities having a municipal WWTP ; The number of municipalities having a municipal WWTP ;

DEN İ ZL İ MUNICIPAL WWTP

DWWT Design Criteria The WWTP was planned as two stages; 2005 and 2025 The project flow rate at 2005 and 2025 are 692 lt/sn and 2806 lt/sn, respectively The population at 2005 and 2025 are and , respectively. BOD5 loading 54 gr/person-day, Total N loading 10 gr/person-day, Total P loading 2 gr/person-day, SS loading 140 gr/person-day.

Figure. DWWTP process flow diagram

MATERIAL AND METHODS Measured parameters Grab samples - Temperature - pH - Conductivity - Dissolved Oxygen 2h- and 24h- Composite samples - BOD - COD, - SS - SVI, - Total nitrogen - Total P The parameters predicted by ANN are effluent COD, BOD, total N, total P and SVI

The Structure of ANN used in the modeling

RESULTS

Figure. The plant influent and effluent pH (a), temperature (b), conductivity (c) and SS (d)

Figure. BOD and COD removal performance

Figure. Total N and Total P removal performance

Figure. BOD/COD

Figure. SS at aeration tank and recycle line(a), SVI and effluent SS (c)

The ANN Prediction of DWWTP Performance

Table. The comparison of different scenarios for the ANN prediction of Effluent COD Senaryo R0,8130,8780,780,7790,643 Atıksu pHXXX İletkenlikXXX SıcaklıkXXX AKM KOİX BOİ Toplam azot Toplam fosfat Arıtma Çıkışı pHXXXXX İletkenlikXXX SıcaklıkXXXXX AKMXXXX KOİ BOİ Aktif Çamur Havuzu AKMXXXX Geri devir AKMXX ÇHİX

Figure. ANN prediction of effluent COD

Figure. ANN prediction of effluent BOD

Figure. ANN prediction of effluent total N

Figure. ANN prediction of effluent Total P

Figure. ANN prediction of SVI

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