Namakanje v Sloveniji Irrigation in Slovenia prof. dr. Marina Pintar, univ. dipl. ing. agr. dr. Rozalija Cvejić, univ. dipl. ing. agr. dr. Matjaž Glavan, univ. dipl. ing. agr. Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta Oddelek za agronomijo marina.pintar@bf.uni-lj.si Seminar on Irrigation, 9th Feb. 2015, Krško

EU -27 2094 m2 SI 866 m2 Površina njiv in vrtov (m2) na prebivalca v državah EU Area of crop and vegetable field (m2) per inhabitant in EU countries in 2007 (source Eurostat, cit. by Court of Audit of RS, 2013)

vegetable Stopnja samooskrbe s hrano v Sloveniji The degree of self-sufficiency in agriculture in Slovenia (source: SURS, cit. by Court of Audit of RS, 2013)

ARSO, 2007

Revizijsko poročilo o smotrnosti ravnanja RS pri preprečevanju in odpravi posledic suše v kmetijstvu Audit report on the practice advisability in the prevention and elimination of the effects of drought in agriculture in RS (mio EUR) (%) Total estimated damage caused by the drought in years 2000, 2001, 2003, 2006 247,0 100,0 The costs of compensation of the droughts 85,9 35,0 The costs or prevention (e.g. irr. systems) 3,3 1,3 (Source/Vir: Court of Audit/ Računsko sodišče RS, 2007)

MKGP (2014) 7. 511 ha; 6. 448 ha public IrS (app. 70, 86 %) and 1 MKGP (2014) 7.511 ha; 6.448 ha public IrS (app. 70, 86 %) and 1.063 ha private IrS (app. 380 , 14 %) 1.6 % 38.350 ha 4.100 ha, 7.100 ha 138.190 ha 23.350 ha Delež površin, opremeljenih z namakalnimi sistemi in delež namakanih površin od kmetijskih površin v uporabi v državah EU v letu 2007 The proportion of the areas provided with irrigation systems (IrS) and the proportion of irrigated areas of agricultural land in use in the EU in 2007 (vir: Eurostat)

Rural development program 2007-2013 in RS (implemented) No of irr. systems Area of irr. systems (ha) Costs (mio EUR) New irr. systems (public) 7 1.753 10,5 Renovation 2 396 1,0 New irr. systems (private) Rural development program 2014-2020 in RS (planned) Area of irr. systems (ha) Costs (mio EUR) New irr. systems 2.400 14,7 Renovation 700 1,7 Public irr. systems – 100 % of (co)fininancing Privat irr systems – up to 30 % (co)financing (source: Strategy for irrigation in RS (draft)

Action of the Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry and Food (MKGP) in 2013 - Groups for irrigation in Slovenia Central group for irrigation in Slovenia 8 Regional groups for irrigation in Slovenia Members: extention service, researchers, local authorities, companies that design irrigation systems, Institute for Nature Protection, etc. Scope: to promote irrigation to give information to facilitate implementation of irr. Systems Etc.

Private irr. systems - example Primer mali namakalni sistem (MNS) Q =10 l/s at high water flow or Q = x 0,1 l/ 24 ur per day Small water reservoir x 100 m3 Irrigaton from water reservoir

Irrigation technologies in Slovenia Sprinkler irrigation (50 %) Drip/micro-sprinkler (app. 50 %) (source: SURS, 2014)

Irrigated areas by method of irrigation in Slovenia In total: 2741ha (2003) 1812 ha(2005) Tendency of the ministry for agriculture of RS

Približno 220.000 ha kmetijskih zemljišč, ki so primerna za namakanje. Approximately 220,000 ha of agricultural land suitable for irrigation .

Vodni viri za namakanje/Water sources for irrigation (Mokri) vodni zadrževalniki – omejitev morebitna druga raba vode - * Vodotoki - omejitev ekološko sprejemljiv pretok (Qes) in morebitna druga raba vode - * Surface water – restrictions is ecologically acceptable flow (Qes) and any other water use Podzemna voda – omejitev rezervacija za pitno vodo - * Iztoki iz čistilnih naprav – omejitev kakovost - večinoma so znane letne količine snovi v iztoku, ne koncentracije - * Opomba: - * potreba po pridobitvi vodnega dovoljenja (Wet) water reservoirs – restriction is any other water use Groundwater - the limitation is provision for drinking water Hillel, The effluent from WWTP - restriction is water quality - Generally known annual quantity of the substance in the effluent without concentration Note: - * the need to obtain a water permit

Vodni viri za namakanje/Water sources for irrigation in Slovenia Ground water Surface water Water reservoir Drinking water (source: SURS, 2014) water reimbursement in 2015 - Irrigation in agriculture = 1.5 eur/1000 m3 - Drinking watrer = 63 eur/1000 m3 - Irrigation other = 91 eur/1000 m3 the need to obtain a water permit

Surface water: 62 909 ha of agricultural land potentially suitable for irrigation (3km from water body, 100 m of elevation) Water reservoirs: 32 of diff. primary use - for additional 6 770 ha Groundwater (shallow and deep): not used amounts (some of them are reserved – e.g. for drinking water: for additional 117 950 ha

Accumulation of diffuse runoff (yet unformed riverbed) = potential source of water for small irrigation systems (up to approximately 1 ha) The location of potential water reservoir with the conjugated water catchment area. (Fazarinc, 2011)

Average irr. norm in Slovenia is 2.500 (500 – 4.500) m3/ha/year Potential winter runoff in a drought year Average irr. norm in Slovenia is 2.500 (500 – 4.500) m3/ha/year

Private irr. systems - example Primer mali namakalni sistem (MNS) e.g. Q =10 l/s at high water flow or e.g. Q = x 0.1 l/ 24 ur per day Small water reservoir x 100 m3 Irrigated area e.g. 1-2 ha Irrigaton (directly from water course) or from water reservoir

več MNS  1 VNS WATER PERMIT (24 h/day, ...month...20 years) Exaple: VODNO DOVOLJENJE (24 ur/dan....) Exaple: 4 Private IrS 40 l/s - 9 ha 1 Public IrS 40 l/s npr. 40 – 60 ha River/Reka S U1: 10 l/s (1 ha) When? U2: 10 l/s (3 ha) When? U3: 10 l/s (3 ha) When? več MNS  1 VNS U4: 10 l/s (2 ha) When? U5… More Private IrS  1 Public IrS

Public irr. system – example Primer veliki namakalni sistem (VNS) Kalce Naklo 110 ha + 155 ha (265 ha)

Veliki namakalni sistem Kalce Naklo 8 irrigation cycles/day 18 hour/day, 2 h 15 min/cycle Public irr. system Kalce Naklo Q =242 l/s for 265 ha

Hvala za pozornost! (Foto: Marko Modic)