What are the goals of progressivsm?

Goal: relieve urban problems Social Gospel & Settlement House reformers tried to soften the harshness of industrialization. Florence Kelley- advocate for women & children YMCA Salvation Army- “Slum Brigades”

Uplift the poverty stricken by improving personal behavior Temperance-WCTU Anti – Saloon League Prohibition Frances Willard- Kindergartens, visiting inmates, women’s suffrage.

Panic of 1893 caused some to question the Capitalist system. Socialism-Debs Journalists & Mucrakers exposed the corrupt side of big business.

Scientific Management Make tasks easier & simpler Workers became more productive & increased goods produced Henry Ford – Assembly Line

Voters select their party’s candidate Voters can put bills Before legislature Voters can vote on bills directly Voters can remove elected officials from office Party leaders pick candidates for state & local offices Only members of state legislature can introduce bills Only legislators pass laws Only courts or legislature can remove corrupt officials PRIMARY INITIATIVE REFERENDUM RECALL BEFORE AFTER

Progressive Republican – 2 Terms Square Deal “Kicked Upstairs” Political Bosses found him too hard to control Protect Citizens Health Conservation He assumed he had the legal right to do whatever the people demand

Conservative Republican- 1 Term Followed a “Cautiously Progressive Agenda” Campaigned on a “lower tariffs” platform Never fully felt like the president Didn’t use the bully pulpit

Democrat- 2 Terms Owed his presidency to the Republican split “Don’t interfere when your enemy is destroying himself.” Endorsed a progressive platform New Freedom Financial reform Anti-trust measures Economic reform

Increased federal government’s role in arbitration. Supported big business, but wanted to stop trusts that harmed people. Trust Buster (filed 44 anti trust suits) Strengthened the regulation of the railroads. Roosevelt grappling with J. P. Morgan and Rockefeller of Standard Oil.

Busted 90 Trusts Major victories included Standard Oil of New Jersey and the American Tobacco Company Roosevelt thought that Taft couldn’t distinguish a good trust from a bad trust Taft was successful in urging Congress to strengthen the powers of the Interstate Commerce Commission

Thought that trusts shouldn’t be regulated; they should be broken up Government shouldn’t get bigger. Big Business should get smaller.

Federal Arbitration Coal Strike negotiations Railroad regulation – strengthened the ICC Elkins Act R.R. officials could not give or receive rebates R.R. must have set rates Hepburn Act Limit free R.R. passes Conservation Hired Pinchot-US Forest Service National Reclamation Act $ from land sales will fund irrigation projects

Payne-Aldrich Act Lower tariffs on manufactured goods Tried to defend unsuccessful tariff Appointed Ballinger as Secretary of the Interior Accused of exploiting natural resources Fired Pinchot Had a difficult time holding the Republican Party together Roosevelt created the Bull- Moose Party that fractured the Republican Party.

16 th Amendment-income tax Necessary because so many tariffs were lowered Federal Reserve System National Banking System Controlled $ supply and made credit more accessible Clayton-Antitrust Act Made it more difficult for monopolies to form Ruled that labor unions were not to be considered trusts Companies will be held responsible if they are found breaking any law Federal Trade Commission Agency set up to investigate business to enforce laws “Watch Dog” agency Cartoon shows sign which says "He Kept Us Out of War" and depicts Wilson answering a phone and being told that there is a U-boat in New York Harbor. "Very Inopportune!" he exclaims.