Synoptic: Superpower Geographies East Asian Neighbours

Wordle of advance info whole text

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East Asia: The two key ideas Geopolitics…. …is about global/regional scale political systems, allegiances and negotiations, including agreements often relating to resources and conflicts. A superpower… ….shows dominance of a region (or the world) in four spheres; economic, military, political and cultural.

East Asia: Geographical overview Physical factors: - Relief / Oceans - Climate (Tropical / sub-tropical) - Natural resources (water / energy / food) Human factors: - Superpower status (military, economic, political, socio-cultural) - Relationships and political allies / groupings - Development - Population structure / change - Urbanisation - Agriculture

Physical factors: Relief, rivers and tectonics Japan has a mountainous interior >tectonics/ island arcs >population density (fig13) Much of China’s western interior is mountainous, inhospitable Tibetan plateau >tectonics/fold mountains >population density (fig.13) Not many of China’s rivers connect the coast to its interior >barrier to development? >expensive to create/use land links

Physical factors: Natural hazards in China

Natural hazards in Japan and N/S. Korea

Physical factors: Climate zones and food What is the link between the climate, oceans and natural hazards in the region?

Physical factors: Energy resources http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/interactive/2012/jun/14/bp-world-energy-statistics-production-consumption-reserves

Physical factors: Energy resources Selected proved reserves as % of world total

Physical factors: Energy resources http://www.eia.gov/countries/regions-topics.cfm?fips=ECS

Physical factors: Water resources http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml

Human factors: Population density What is China’s population distributed like this? http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-v3-population-density/maps

Human factors: Vulnerable cities This map links population, development and natural hazards in the future https://support.rms.com/publications/OECD_Cities_Coastal_Flooding.pdf

Human factors: Development contrasts (HDI)

Human factors: Military influence Dark blue = Blue water navy Pale blue = Developing blue water navy Green = Green water navy

Human factors: Relationships and energy

Human factors: Energy Pathways

Human factors: Energy Futures Research ‘fracking’ (water intensive and has potentially serious side-effects/impacts)

Human factors: Cold War allegiances Further research and definitions of Cold War / WWII: http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii

Human factors: Chinese ‘empire’

Human factors: Fall of Japanese Empire

Themes/ideas: Sustainability Sustainable development Social needs Environmental safeguarding/ improvement Economic needs

Development: Rostow’s model

Topic map of overall theme Physical / human features Issues Superpowers: East Asia Players Futures Actions

Topic map of overall theme Resources Climate Urbanisation Development Features/ Characteristics Physical features Oceans Human features Population Energy Politics IGOs TNCs Superpowers: East Asia Issues Global Players Futures Local Actions Regional Trade deals Treaties FDI

How can I be “synoptic”? Use ‘new’ information from research Parallel examples How can I be “synoptic”? Links to areas of AS and A2 course Use of broad geographical themes

East Asia Statistics Examples Falklands Use ‘new’ information from research USA / EU / Russia Parallel examples Updates Mediterranean East Asia Inequality Going Global Use of broad geographical themes Geopolitics Links to areas of AS and A2 course Water Conflict Sustainability Globalisation Development Energy Security Biodiversity Development Gap Tech Fix

Parallel examples Geopolitical tension/conflict over resources: > Falkland Islands conflict http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-18425572 http://www.cnbc.com/id/100537413 Superpowers (compare USA, EU and Russia with China): > Make a table of economic, military, political and cultural aspects using the resource booklet and extra info. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/ Regional inequalities and conflicts: > Mediterranean / Arab Spring http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/interactive/2011/mar/22/middle- east-protest-interactive-timeline

Parallel examples: Falklands conflict

Parallel examples: Arab Spring

Further research / updates UN / World Bank classification of countries as HIC, MIC, LIC etc.. www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/wesp/wesp_current/2012country_class.pdf www.data.worldbank.org Global military strength (compare China with USA and Russia) www.globalfirepower.com China’s developing blue water navy http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/10005395/Chinas-first-aircraft-carrier-preparing-for-first-long-distance-mission.html Six Party Talks: http://www.cfr.org/proliferation/six-party-talks-north-koreas-nuclear-program/p13593 Japan (political, energy security issues, Senkaku islands) http://www.japanfpo.org/search/label/Energy%20Security Ecological footprints http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/how_we_work/key_initiatives/transforming_china/ http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/how_we_work/key_initiatives/transforming_china/china_footprint/

Further research / updates Beijing Olympics’ impact on China’s relationship with the world and internal policies: http://www.nytimes.com/learning/teachers/featured_articles/20010713friday.html China’s relationship with N.Korea and USA http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/northkorea/10041679/Bank-of-China-shuts-North-Korea-account.html N Korea and US relations/missile tests (loads of good stuff in ‘related articles’ at bottom): http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-22443305 EU-China trade tariffs http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-22445640 China’s relationship with ASEAN http://www.asean.org/news/item/asean-china-dialogue-relations Growth of Shanghai https://www.un.org/cyberschoolbus/habitat/profiles/shanghai.asp http://www.theatlanticcities.com/jobs-and-economy/2013/03/shanghais-spectacular-growth-one-photo/4999/

Some ideas for questions Explain why there has been geopolitical tension in East Asia since the end of World War Two. Examine the factors that have led to uneven development in the region of East Asia. Examine the factors that have led to the emerging superpower status of China. Assess the position of China as an emerging superpower. Explain the contribution that globalisation has made to development and quality of life in East Asia. To what extent does political tension threaten the future development of East Asia? Assess the severity of potential sources of conflict in East Asia in future. …continued on the next slide.

Some more ideas for questions To what extent are the disputes in East Asia are a threat to the stability and continuing development of the area as a whole? Explain the roles that a range of Players and Actions could take in helping East Asian countries to develop further. Explain how the growing economic power of East Asia could lead to social and political tension within the region and beyond. Assess the sustainability of continued development in East Asia. Discuss the global and regional impact of China’s rise to superpower status in future.