Definition: Proteins are organic compounds with a high molecular weight formed of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen and may also contain sulfur,

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chapter 19 The Chemistry of Life.

Advertisements

Biochemistry of Proteins: function and classification.

Functional Variety of Proteins Proteins: organic compounds containing carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N) and sometimes sulphur (S).

Pp 50 – 51 & Pp 15 & Proteins Proteins are polymers of amino acids Each has a unique 3D shape Amino acid sequences vary Proteins are.

Definition: Proteins are macromolecules with a backbone formed by polymerization of amino acids. Proteins carry.

Kulsoom Structure & Classification of Proteins Dr. Bibi Kulsoom 1.

They contain C, H, O, N In some P, S, Mg or Fe are present Proteins are the most diverse biological molecules. They can either function as structral or.

Anatomy I - Unit 3: Basic Biochemistry

Protein Structure: Tertiary and Quaternary Structure 20.7 Protein Hydrolysis and Denaturation Chapter 20 Amino Acids and Proteins.

Chemical Building Blocks

What is Biochemistry?  Biochemistry is the study of the chemical interactions of living things.  Biochemists study the structures and physical properties.

Proteins. Other than water, protein are the chief constituents of the cells of the body. Proteins are much more complex than carbohydrates or lipids.

Honors Biology The molecules of Cells

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids.

What type of food? Carbohydrates, protein, lipids?

Biochemistry I BIOCA2301. Topics Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids Enzymes Metabolism Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids Enzymes Metabolism.

Macromolecules - Proteins

Nutrition Expedition Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins.

An overview of the important classes of organic molecules.

Biological Molecules. Biological Molecules Six Most Common Elements of Living Things Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur.

CP Biology: Basic Biochemistry. Organic Chemistry  Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds.  Organic compounds are compounds composed primarily.

2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

Dr. Tarek El Sewedy Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences.

Classification of proteins: I- According to Shape: i- Fibrous proteins: - Polypeptide chains are folded into filaments or sheets (rod or thread-shaped.

7.4/14.1 PROTEINS. Protein’s have 4 levels of Structure: 1. Primary Structure = the order of amino acids that make up the polypeptide; amino acids are.

Unit 4- Biochemistry, Energy, & Enzymes

CHAPTER THE CHEMICAL & MOLECULAR BASIS OF LIFE Roselyn A. Naranjo USPF, College of Pharmacy

Polymer Molecule made of many monomers bonded together

GENE EXPRESSION External Proteins  Are giant molecules (polymers) made out of amino acids (monomers).

The Nature of Matter can be observed and measured without changing the identity of the matter (mass, vol., color, odor, phase) Physical Properties describe.

Essential Molecules. Some important elements Biological Molecules Organisms are made from a huge variety of organic and inorganic compounds. The most.

Organic Compounds Emily and Lauren. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates have a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen. Ex. Glucose C 6 H 12 O 6 When sugars are broken.

Chemistry of Life. Organic Compound A compound that contains Carbon covalently bonded to other elements.

Organic Molecules 1. Traits: a. Usually contain Carbon and Hydrogen. b. Frequently formed with covalent bonds. c. Found in living organisms. d. Usually.

Ch 3: Biomolecules.

ILO 1-Explain the chemical structure,classification, and properties of amino acids and how peptides are formed. 2-Describe the order of protein organization.

Macromolecules! United Streaming Intro Video. Chemistry of Carbon Carbon can bond with many elements, including hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, sulfur,

Module Biological Molecules Proteins By Ms Cullen.

Proteins consist of amino acids which are characterized by the - CH(NH2)COOH substructure. Nitrogen and two hydrogens comprise the amino group, -NH2, and.

Proteins  Are the most diverse biomolecules. They make up muscles, skin, hair, enzymes, hormones, hemoglobin, and antibodies.  The basic structure unit.

Biochemistry. Please pick up a copy of the notes and write down the homework assignment.

Peptides. Structure and functions of proteins Department of General Chemistry Poznań University of Medical Sciences MD 2015/16.

Proteins Structures and Functions. What? A series of amino acids in a polypeptide chain Produced from the coding in the DNA of the nucleus Makes up.

Chemistry and Biomolecules Chapter 2.3. Chemical Reactions Bonds between atoms are built and broken causing substances to combine and recombine as different.

Functional Variety of Proteins

CLASSIFICATION OF PROTEINS.

Proteins What do we need proteins for?

2.5 Carbohydrates.

Organic Compounds: Proteins

Organic Chemistry.

(4) Genes and proteins in health and disease

Lecture #7 Macromolecules

Unit 2 Part 1: Organic Compounds (Biomolecules) and Enzymes

Chemistry and Biomolecules

UNIT 9 CS THE CHEMISTRY OF PROTEINS

Do Now & Announcements Turn in HW to be checked if you did not do so last class period Please also check if you forgot to turn in your Properties of.

Protein Shape & Function

CLASSIFICATION OF PROTEINS.

Chemistry and Biomolecules

Biochemistry Notes.

Chemistry in Living Things

Intro to Biochemistry Chem-160 4/3/2019 Dr Seemal Jelani Chem-160.

Unit 7: Molecular Genetics 7.6 Proteins

Chapter 4: Proteins By Prof. Sanjay A. Nagdev

Presentation transcript:

Definition: Proteins are organic compounds with a high molecular weight formed of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen and may also contain sulfur, phosphorus and non-protein organic groups and metal ions. Proteins are organic compounds with a high molecular weight formed of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen and may also contain sulfur, phosphorus and non-protein organic groups and metal ions. They are polymers formed of subunits called amino acids linked together by peptide linkage. They are polymers formed of subunits called amino acids linked together by peptide linkage.

PROTEINS Proteins are a class of most important compounds that are found in living organisms. Proteins are the main constituents of our body such as muscles, skin, hair and nails. Protein carry all vital life processes.

SOURCES OF PROTEINS Meat (all types), milk, eggs, pulses, beans, peas, lentil, seeds, nuts, etc. CALORIC VALUE OF PROTEINS One gram of protein provides 4 calories of energy

Proteins may be classified on the basis of: Physico-chemical properties. Functions. Nutritional value. Molecular Length & shape.

Physico- chemical properties Simple Proteins: On Hydrolysis yields only Amino Acids. Conjugated proteins: On hydrolysis besides Amino acids, they also yield Non-Protein substances. (Prosthetic groups). Derived Proteins. They are derived from simple or conjugated proteins.

Types of Simple Proteins  Albumins  Globulins.  Globins  Protamins.  Pritamines.  Histones.  Albuminoids Collagen, Elastin & Keratin

SIMPLE PROTEINS ALBUMIN: Water soluble GLOBULINS: Insoluble in water GLOBINS : Rich in Histidine.They unite with Heme--- Hemoglobin. PROTAMINS: Insoluble in water.Rich in Proline. Examples are Gliadin of wheat & Zein of maize. HISTONES: Rich in Arginine.They form nucleoproteins. PROTAMINES: Present in sperm cells.

SIMPLE PROTEINS ALBUMINOIDS: They are also called as Scleroprotein.These include Collagen,Elastin & Keratin. COLLAGEN: Present in connective tissue Occurs in skin,bone,tendons,cornea & sclera of eye. ELASTIN: Occurs in tendon and arteries. KERATIN: It occurs in animal skin,hair,nails,hoofs and feather.

Compound (Conjugated) Proteins Upon hydrolysis besides amino acids, they also yield Non-Protein substances (Prosthetic groups). Types of Conjugated Proteins: Nucleo- Proteins. Phospho- Proteins. Lipo- Proteins. Carbohydrate Containing Proteins. Chromo-proteins. Metallo- Proteins.

Nucleo-Proteins Histones and protamines conjugated with nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. Plays role in Genetic information.

Phospho-Proteins Proteins conjugated with phosphoric acid. Examples: Casein in milk. Vitellin in egg yolk.

Lipo-proteins Proteins conjugated with lipids. Like Fatty Acids, Lecithin, Cephalin to form VLDL, LDL and HDL

Carbohydrate –containing proteins They comprise : Proteoglycans and Glycoprotein

Chromo-Proteins Proteins conjugated with Pigments. Examples: Haemoglobin. Cytochromes Rhodopsin.

Metallo-Proteins Proteins conjugated with metals. Examples: Iron in Ferretin Copper in Ceruloplasmin.

Derived Proteins Derived from simple or compound proteins by denaturation or some chemical reaction such as hydrolysis. They are subdivided into Primary & Secondary derived proteins.

Primary Derived Proteins These are denatured or co-agulated proteins. Example : Egg proteins

Secondary Derived Proteins These are intermediates formed in protein hydrolysis. Examples are : Proteoses Peptones Polypeptides Oligopeptides

Functional Classification Catalytic. (simple or con. Proteins) Regulatory(Insulin or GH) Structural(Collage n & Elastin) Transport(Transfer rin → Fe) Defensive.(Ig) Contractile.(Actin & Myosin) Genetic(Histones Storage.(Casein in milk)

NUTRITIONAL CLASSIFICATION High biological value proteins:  Proteins which contain all the essential amino acid e.g. proteins from animal sources. Low biological value proteins:  Proteins which do not contain all the essential amino acid e.g. proteins from plant sources.

CLASSIFICATION BASED UPON MOLECULAR LENGTH & SHAPE Structure of a protein depends on the axial ratio of the proteins i.e. length divided by width of the protein. Globular proteins: Axial ratio is less than 10. Fibrous proteins: Axial ratio is greater than 10.

Globular Proteins Tightly Folded into spherical (globular) or ovoid shapes. Usually water soluble. Most of them have roles in metabolic reactions. Examples: Albumin. Globulin. Enzymes Haemoglobin.

Fibrous Proteins Thread like fibrils or long fibers. Long parallel polypeptide chains. Cross linkages at intervals forming long fibres or sheets. Usually insoluble in water. Many have structural roles. Examples: Collagen. Elastin. Keratin.