Ultrafast Phase Modulation (UPM) The Breakthrough Technology That Overcomes Many of the ac Concessions for Inadequate Technology by Jed Griffin gainics.com

Compelling Story for Starting a Partnership with Gain ICs in Parallel with your 256 QAM Efforts Gain ICs has developed a jitter-free PLL that enables very fast data transmission (1.3 Gb/s) via a single, two constellation, phase modulated signal. This disruptive technology eliminates the noise issues that plague QAM 256 and resulted in the many concessions in ac. Gain ICs’ technology enables transition of ac performance from the enterprise space into high volume applications such as home WiFi and cell phones. This presentation explains the advantages the technology has in relation to your WiFi products. The compelling story is coupled with an offer to partner with Gain ICs in the development of an alternative, less complex, more efficient, lower cost ac solution that dramatically improves data transmission speeds.

Compelling Story for Starting a Partnership with Gain ICs in Parallel with your 256 QAM Efforts QAM 256 Issues Data Rate = 867 Mb/s – Consumes 160 MHz of Bandwidth – 256 QAM poor signal clarity 5.4 b/s/Hz Link Spectral Efficiency Limited Transmission Distance Requires Beamforming MIMO software and multiple transmission delays Coverage Areas are Reduced Client Placement is Limited 1.3 Gb/s Requires 3 Tuned Antennae Gain ICs UPM Advantage Data Rate = 1.3 Gb/s – Uses only 8 MHz of Bandwidth – Phase Modulation for better signal clarity 80 b/s/Hz Link Spectral Efficiency 15x improvement 58% Data Rate Improvement Over the Same Transmission Distance Uses a Normal Transmission Pattern 1.3 Gb/s on a Single, Basic antenna

Compelling Story for Starting a Partnership with Gain ICs in Parallel with your 256 QAM Efforts (continued) QAM 256 Issues Requires SNR > 30 – QAM BER suffers greatly from poor SNR – Requires greater power to transmit Multiple Spatial Stream Issues – DSP Power Required to Demodulate – Added Power Stages – Added, Tuned Antennae – Software Needed to Sort it Out – Software Headers Eat Into – Cross talk pattern issues QAM: two AM signals phased 90 o apart – Any misalignment results in cross talk Gain ICs UPM Advantage Lower SNR threshold required – SNR = 11 for quality transmission via UPM – 501 times the Noise Immunity of QAM 256 Low Powered Stream on a Single Standard antenna UPM is a single, Phase Modulated signal – No crosstalk issues possible

Compelling Story for Starting a Partnership with Gain ICs in Parallel with your 256 QAM Efforts (continued) QAM 256 Issues Power Consumption – QAM 256 Requires 3 Spatial Streams to transmit at 1.3 Gb/s – QAM 256 requires multiple transmissions to identify the client receive capabilities – QAM has a poor SNR and therefore requires higher power to transmit – QAM requires a power hungry DSP in order to demodulate Gain ICs UPM Advantage Power Consumption – UPM offers 1.3 Gb/s on a Single Spatial Stream – UPM transmits one time – UPM requires much less signal due to having to overcome much less noise Lower SNR threshold – UPM demodulation performed with Simple circuitry Fewer stages Fewer Delays Less Noise Introduced

Compelling Story for Starting a Partnership with Gain ICs in Parallel with your 256 QAM Efforts (continued) QAM 256 Issues Frequency Spectrum Sharing – QAM 256 requires additional software and complexity to identify Frequency Spectrum capability of clients – QAM 256 Requires sharing the 160 MHz channel – QAM 256 Will use priority to allocate channel usage Wastes additional time Adds complexity Adds cost Gain ICs UPM Advantage Frequency Spectrum Sharing – UPM can be used on standard channels without having to identify client capabilities – UPM’s 8 MHz wide bandwidth allows multiple signals to be transmitted at once without sharing channels – UPM technology allows transmission in parallel instead of lining up in series No prioritization needed

Compelling Story for Starting a Partnership with Gain ICs in Parallel with your 256 QAM Efforts (continued) QAM 256 Issues Headers, protocol, and software processing – QAM 256 has up to 5.4 msec of time allocated for header and protocol transmission Requires additional Software processing time Gain ICs UPM Advantage Headers, protocol, and software processing – UPM would null many of the header requirements Which results in additional savings in software and DSP processing and power Gain ICs is looking to partner with ac chip, board level, and system level developers in an effort to develop alternative, low cost, higher performing solutions for ac at a fraction of the cost to develop and produce ac compliant products.

Gain ICs Performance Advantages in ac Applications 1.3 Gb/s with a single spatial stream 80 b/s/Hz Link Spectral Efficiency 15x improvement over QAM % Data Rate Improvement Over the Same Transmission Distance Uses a Normal Transmission Pattern Consume less power No need for Beamforming Better Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) Threshold – Transmit farther around corners and other obstructs – Reduce delays due to eliminating Software procession Multiple transmissions DSP processing, Frequency Down- conversion, Phasing, and A/D conversions – Drastically reduce system bandwidth Accomplish in 8 MHz that which takes 80 MHZ in QAM 256 Complies with a Presidential Mandate Frees up time to stream even more data – Transition to high volume markets Home WiFi Entertainment Venues Cell Phones

Gain ICs Cost/Complexity Advantages in ac Applications 500x better noise immunity 1/128 the transmit power Single Spatial Stream – One antenna – One Power Stage Reduced Header Information Reduced Software Processing Beamforming antenna Identification Bandwidth Identification DSP processing Single Signal – No Phasing of I and Q signals Eliminate the PLL filter Smaller Die area for PLL Smaller Development Team No software engineers No digital hardware engineers No Bulky, Power Hungry DSP Reduce delays Due to software procession Due to multiple transmissions Due to DSP, Phasing, and A/D conversions