North Texas Clean Air Coalition Citizen Survey Executive Summary Report Prepared by: National Service Research October 20, 2004

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Introduction and Methodology National Service Research (NSR) completed a comprehensive research study for the North Texas Clean Air Coalition to determine public awareness of and concerns about clean air issues. The research reported herein measured the public’s willingness to undertake voluntary actions to improve air quality. The North Texas Clean Air Coalition (NTCAC) represents a nine-county nonattainment area of Denton, Dallas, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufman, and Rockwall Counties that faces requirements by the federal government to reduce ground-level ozone to acceptable levels. The mission of the North Texas Clean Air Coalition is to promote voluntary actions to help improve air quality in the North Texas Region. NSR designed a quantitative survey in close coordination with NTCAC executive board. The survey design was influenced by the survey conducted in Survey results comparing the 1996 to the 2002 results are included on selected questions. The survey was approved by the NTCAC marketing committee. The survey included randomly selected respondents from the nine-county area. A total of 1,000 households were surveyed September 10 through October 11, At a 95% confidence level, the survey margin of error is plus or minus 3.2%. The detailed crosstabulations of the data are presented in the technical report.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Summary and Conclusions Air quality/pollution is an important public issue. 73% of respondents interviewed consider air quality/pollution an important local issue (those scoring it a “4” or higher on a scale of 1 to 5 with 1 being not important and 5 being very important). –77% consider crime/violence an important local issue (those scoring it a “4” or higher) –74% consider public education an important local issue (those scoring it a “4” or higher) –61% consider transportation/traffic an important local issue (those scoring it a “4” or higher). 26% (41% in 2002) reported awareness of messages about air quality. Most respondents learned they should; carpool/vanpool, keep their car maintained, take public transit and drive less. 39% learned nothing from the message or don’t recall what they learned from the message. 72% reported awareness of air pollution watches or warnings. 40% of those reported they did nothing or don’t recall what they did. 44% said they just stay inside, 8% drive less, and 3% carpool or vanpool. Many respondents feel the air quality problem is very serious (34%) and has gotten worse (55%), yet 35% of those surveyed are not willing to personally change any of their habits in order for the region to have cleaner air because some feel they have already taken actions to reduce pollution In order for the region to have cleaner air, more respondents are willing to keep their car tuned, drive less, carpool/vanpool, consolidate trips, take public transit and mow late in the day compared to the 1996 results. 13% are willing to carpool or vanpool compared to 7% in % are willing to take public transit today compared to 5% in 1996.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Summary and Conclusions 28% of respondents feel their personal habit changes can have a significant positive impact to reduce air pollution, compared to only 13% in More than half feel their changes will have some impact. One in five reported they have been informed a lot this ozone season about things to do to reduce air pollution, while more than half said they are somewhat informed. While commuters are the largest contributor to air pollution, more than half of respondents felt industry has the most responsibility to reduce air pollution. 25% said commuters and 8% felt power plants have the most responsibility to reduce air pollution. 22% (compared to 37% in 2002) reported “nothing” would make them try alternative transportation methods. 35% would try alternative transportation methods if they were convenient. One-fourth would use an employer provided company car. 24% reported a cost savings must be a part of the alternative transportation method before they try it. 13% would try employer subsidized public transit. Almost half of respondents are very concerned about the negative effects of air quality on their health. One in five are very concerned about the negative effects of air quality on the regional economy, financial impacts and potential restrictions on individuals and businesses. Based upon the results of the study, a majority of respondents have or are willing to make changes in order to help clean the air because air quality/pollution is an important local issue.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Summary and Conclusions Message action considerations based upon the results of the study effort: North Texas Region citizens must be informed that commuters have the most responsibility to reduce air pollution. Provide clear action messages and reasons the public should take action to reduce air pollution. Have air quality messages communicate potential negative health effects or financial impacts. Communicate that actions taken by the public can and do help clean the air. Communicate the convenience and cost savings of public transit available in the region as well as information about how to join carpools and vanpools. Encourage employers to provide subsidized public transit to their employees.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Importance of Air Quality/Pollution The local issue of air quality/pollution was slightly less important in 2004 than % of respondents in 2004 and 80% in 2002 consider air quality/pollution an important local issue (those scoring it a “4” or higher) mean scores by geographic areas: –Overall4.09 –Dallas4.12 –Denton4.27 –Collin4.13 –Tarrant4.18 –Other Counties3.44 Other counties are defined as Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufman and Rockwall.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Importance of Transportation/Traffic The local issue of transportation/traffic was as important in 2004 compared to % (63% in 2002) consider transportation/traffic an important local issue (those scoring it a “4” or higher). 34% of Dallas county respondents scored transportation traffic a “5” while 24%, 38% and 27% respectively in Denton, Tarrant and Collin County respondents scored it a “5” mean scores by geographic areas: –Overall3.78 –Dallas3.86 –Denton3.92 –Collin3.64 –Tarrant3.85 –Other Counties3.31 Other counties are defined as Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufman and Rockwall.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Importance of Crime/Violence The local issue of crime/violence declined in importance in 2004 when compared to the 2002 results. 77% (82% in 2002) consider crime/violence an important local issue (those scoring it a “4” or higher) mean scores by geographic areas: –Overall4.25 –Dallas4.21 –Denton4.52 –Collin4.52 –Tarrant4.43 –Other Counties3.40 Other counties are defined as Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufman and Rockwall.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Importance of Public Education The local issue of public education declined slightly in importance in 2004 when compared to the 2002 results. 74% (81% in 2002) consider public education an important local issue (those scoring it a “4” or higher) mean scores by geographic areas: –Overall4.19 –Dallas4.00 –Denton4.21 –Collin4.41 –Tarrant4.49 –Other Counties3.80 Other counties are defined as Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufman and Rockwall.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Do you recall any public service messages, news articles or advertisements about air quality within the past three months? 26% (41% in 2002) of respondents reported they have recently heard messages about air quality. Awareness was highest among respondents 35 years of age or older, and white respondents. Awareness by county: –Overall25.5% –Dallas24.3 –Denton24.0 –Collin14.0 –Tarrant30.0 –Other counties30.0

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Where did you see or hear these air quality messages? Most respondents heard or saw the air quality messages on television, in the newspaper or on the radio. Base = Respondents aware of air quality messages

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October What did you learn from the message? Most respondents learned they should: : –Carpool/vanpool –Drive less 39% learned nothing from the message or don’t recall what they learned from the message. Primary other answers included; ozone alert, air quality is poor, pollution high, and stay inside Base = Respondents aware of air quality messages

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October What have you changed after hearing the message? 73% (62% in 2002) of respondents changed nothing about their habits after hearing the air quality message. Respondents who did make changes reported they drive less, keep their car maintained, consolidate trips, mow late in the day and participate in a carpool or vanpool. Base = Respondents aware of air quality messages

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Do you feel the air quality in the North Texas Region (Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant and surrounding counties) is a very, somewhat or not a serious problem? One-third of respondents feel air quality in the North Texas Region is a very serious problem, a 7% increase since % of Dallas County and 38% of Tarrant County respondents feel air quality is a very serious problem. 26% of persons under 35 and 42% of those 35 to 44 feel air quality is a very serious problem. 39% of females and 28% of males feel the air quality is a very serious problem.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Do you feel the air quality in the North Texas Region (Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant and surrounding counties) has gotten worse, stayed the same or gotten better over the past three years? More than half (55%) of respondents feel air quality has gotten worse in the North Texas Region, a 16% increase since % of Tarrant County and 57% of Dallas County respondents feel air quality has gotten worse.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Are there some things an individual can do to reduce air pollution? A majority of respondents are aware of things an individual can do to reduce air pollution. Among those aware of things an individual can do to reduce air pollution, the following were mentioned: –Carpool/vanpool40.2% –Auto maintenance30.1 –Drive less30.1 –Take public transit18.5 –Mow late in day 8.8 –Consolidate trips 7.5 –Drive newer car 6.3 –Gas up in evening 3.3 –Don’t know % (compared to 48% in 1996 and 2002) of all respondents felt they should personally change some of their habits in order for the region to have cleaner air.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October What are you willing to change in order for your region to have cleaner air? In order for the region to have cleaner air, respondents are willing to keep their car tuned, drive less, carpool/vanpool, take public transit and mow late in the day compared to the 1996 results. 8% are willing to take public transit today compared to 5% in Base = Respondents willing to personally change habits to clean the air

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October If people in this region make changes to reduce air pollution, do you feel the positive impact will be a lot, some or none at all? 27% of respondents feel their personal habit changes can have a significant positive impact to reduce air pollution, compared to only 13% in More than half feel their changes will have some impact. 33% of Dallas County respondents feel the positive impact will be a lot compared to 16% in other counties (Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufman, Rockwall)

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Within the past three months, have you seen or heard information about air quality watch or warnings? A majority of respondents reported they have seen or heard information about air quality watch or warnings. Among those aware of air quality watch or warnings reported they have made the following changes on these days: –Stay inside/limit exercise 43.7% –Nothing/don’t know 40.2 –Drive less 8.2 –Mow late in day 4.2 –Carpool/vanpool 2.8 –Alternative schedule 1.7 –Gas up in evening 1.3 –Telecommute 0.6

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October How informed are you this ozone season about things to do to reduce air pollution? One in five reported they have been informed a lot this ozone season about things to do to reduce air pollution, while more than half said they are somewhat informed.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Which of the following groups has the MOST responsibility to reduce air pollution? While commuters are the largest contributor to air pollution, more than half of respondents felt industry has the most responsibility to reduce air pollution. 31% of Dallas and 27% of Denton county residents felt commuters have the most responsibility to reduce air pollution, compared to 24% for Collin County, 20% in Tarrant County and 19% for other counties (Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufman, Rockwall).

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October How concerned are you that air quality can have: Almost half of respondents are very concerned about the negative effects of air quality on their health. One in five are very concerned about the negative effects of air quality on the regional economy, financial impacts and potential restrictions on individuals and businesses.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Have you ever heard of the North Texas Clean Air Coalition? More than one-third of respondents have heard of the North Texas Clean Air Coalition. Awareness was slightly higher in all counties except Dallas where awareness was 33%.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October Employment Status Average Commute to Work Method of Commuting to Work Most respondents work full time or are retired. The average commute to work is 9.6 miles. 29% drive less than 5 miles to work, 22% drive 5 to 10 miles, 22% drive 11 to 20 miles and 18% drive more than 20 miles to work. 78% of respondents drive a car by themselves to work. 5% carpool or vanpool, 3% take public transit, and 2% walk or bike to work. Alternative transportation taken to work: –Carpool/vanpool13.2% –Public transit10.1 –Walk/bike 5.0 –Other11.2

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October What would make you try alternative transportation methods? Teleworking from Home One in five reported “nothing” would make them try alternative transportation methods. One-third would try alternative transportation methods if they were convenient. One-fourth would use an employer provided company car during the day. 24% reported a cost savings must be a part of the alternative transportation method before they try it. 13% would try employer subsidized public transit. Half of respondents would telework from home if offered by their employer.

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October NSR surveyed a representative sample of the population by age. The mean age of those surveyed was 44 years of age. NSR surveyed the following number of people by county: –Dallas400 –Tarrant300 –Denton100 –Collin100 –Other Counties100 44% of respondents were male and 56% were female. Demographics of Respondents - Age

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October % of respondents interviewed graduated college or have an advanced degree. Demographics of Respondents - Education

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October % of all respondents interviewed earn less than $40,000 per year, while 36% earn $60,000 or more. The mean annual household income among all respondents interviewed is $54,800. Demographics of Respondents Total Annual Household Income

Source: Survey of 1,000 respondents in Dallas, Denton, Collin, Tarrant, Parker, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufrman and Rockwall Counties, September/October NSR surveyed a representative sample of the population by race within each of the four counties. Demographics of Respondents Race

30 National Service Research (Background/Contact Information) Contact: Andrea Thomas, Owner 6300 Ridglea Place, Suite 1011 Fort Worth, Texas fax web site: National Service Research (NSR), founded in 1989, is a full-service market research consulting firm and conducts market studies for the public and private sector. NSR conducts various types of consumer and business research including focus groups and surveys nationwide. NSR’s owner and founder, Andrea Thomas, has twenty-two years of professional market research experience.

Table of Contents Page Introduction and Methodology 2 Summary and Conclusions 3 Importance of Air Quality/Pollution 6 Importance of Transportation/Traffic 7 Importance of Crime/Violence 8 Importance of Public Education 9 Have you seen or heard any messages, news articles or advertisements about air quality within the past three months?10 Where did you see or heard these messages?11 What did you learn from the message?12 What have you changed after hearing the message?13 Do you feel air quality in this region is a very serious, somewhat serious or not a serious problem?14 Do you feel the air quality in this region has gotten worse, stayed the same or gotten better?15 Are there some things an individual can do to reduce air pollution?16 What are you willing to change in order for your region to have cleaner air?17

Page If people in this region made changes to help reduce air pollution, do you think the positive impact would be a lot, some or none at all?18 Within the past three months, have you seen or heard any information about air quality watch or warnings?19 How informed are you this ozone season about things to do to reduce air pollution?20 Which of the following groups has the MOST responsibility to reduce air pollution?21 How concerned are you that air quality can have: 22 Have you ever heard of the North Texas Clean Air Coalition?23 Employment status, commute to work, method of commuting to work24 What would make you try alternative transportation methods?25 Demographics of Respondents –Age26 –Education27 –Total Annual Household Income28 –Race29 National Service Research (Background/Contact Information)30 Questionnaire Detailed Survey Tables (Technical Report Only) Table of Contents

Appendix A Detailed Survey Tables