The Cold War at Home Entry Slip Write a four sentence summary paragraph that describes the Cold War at home. Sentences should correspond with: 1. Reasons for Fear 2. Fear Justified or Not? 3. Plans for Survival 4. Effectiveness of Plans?

Discussion Why might some people have been paranoid about nuclear weapons at this time? Was this fear justified? How did the government prepare for survivial? How effective do you think these plans would have been?

Learning Targets Describe how the Cold War ended. Explain how the United States and the Soviet Union began to limit nuclear arms. Examine events surrounding the end of the Cold War. Explain why it ended and determine who “won.” Analyze the situation today and decide if there is a viable nuclear threat today.

1972: Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) Limited long-range nukes of U.S. and S. U. Began “détente”—easing of tensions Nixon visits China which shows Détente to the world! Nixon and Brezhnev discussing SALT

1979: Soviets invade Afghanistan Carter responds by boycotting Olympics Détente over

The 1980s: Reagan and Cold War 1980: Reagan Doctrine – Tried to stop communism in Latin America 1983: Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) – “Star Wars”—never worked $27 billion

Soviet leader & reformer – “perestroika”-political/economic reforms – “glastnost”-openness 1987: Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty – First time nukes eliminated 1985: Gorbachev and the Cold War

“Don’t think your movie didn’t have any part of this because it did.” -- President Reagan on why he signed the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty The Day After

M.A.D.: Mutually Assured Destruction – Prevented nuclear war throughout 1989: Fall of Berlin Wall Cold War over! : End of the Cold War

1991: Soviet Union breaks up The End of the Cold War

Nuclear Arms Today START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) – 1991 between U.S. and Russia – Largest in history – 80%

Nuclear Arms Today New START – April 2010 – Limits more weapons with goal of elimination Threat Today – Nuclear proliferation, rogue states, terrorists Obama “worse menace than the Cold War threat of mutual annihilation”

Facts on Nuclear Weapons Today 1985: 65,000 8,000 active warheads, 22, 000 worldwide today U.S. 1, 950 Russia 1,900 United Kingdom 160 France 290 China 180 (not reliable) India 80 Pakistan 90 North Korea 10 (not as reliable) Israel 80 Suspected that Syria and Iran have nuclear weapons (rogue states) Some nations have totally gotten rid of nukes - South Africa

Nuclear Threat Today: Read, Talk, Write Read: Read “Al-Qaida exemplifies new-age nuclear threat, says U.S.” Talk: Describe the nuclear threat today. – Person A begins, Person B follows Write: Describe the nuclear threat today.