THE ARTS OF THE 1920S AND 1930S

BUT…  Tying up some loose ends on foreign policy and disarmament…

Kellogg-Briand Pact  An effort to outlaw all future wars  The pact renounced the aggressive use of force to achieve national ends.  Permitted defensive wars  No accountability

Pro-Business Foreign Diplomacy  Peacefully resolved attempted Mexican government takeover of mineral and oil resources to protect American properties  Winning of oil-drilling rights for U.S. companies in the Middle East

Paying off War Debts  Germany was bankrupt and had high inflation  Tariffs made matters worse  Dawes Plan (1924)- cycle of payments from U.S. to Germany, Germany to the Allies, Britain and France to the U.S.  After stock market crash in 1929, U.S. banks stopped loaning to Germany

The Great Migration  Relocation of 6 million African Americans from the rural South to cities in the North, Midwest and West  Poor work opportunities and discrimination prompted the migration  Around 1916, when the Great Migration began, a factory wage in the urban North was typically three times more than what blacks could expect to make working the land in the rural South.

AND NOW…  THE ARTS!

Literature  John Steinbeck  F. Scott Fitzgerald  Langston Hughes

As I Grew Older It was a long time ago. I have almost forgotten my dream. But it was there then, In front of me, Bright like a sun-- My dream. And then the wall rose, Rose slowly, Slowly, Between me and my dream. Rose until it touched the sky-- The wall. Shadow. I am black. I lie down in the shadow. No longer the light of my dream before me, Above me. Only the thick wall. Only the shadow. My hands! My dark hands! Break through the wall! Find my dream! Help me to shatter this darkness, To smash this night, To break this shadow Into a thousand lights of sun, Into a thousand whirling dreams Of sun!

Art  Georgia O’Keeffe  Jacob Lawrence

Music- The Jazz Age!  The Jazz Age!  Duke Ellington  Louis Armstrong  Bessie Smith  Aaron Copland  George Gerswhin

Station Learning  Four Stations 1. Overview of the Harlem Renaissance 2. Art 3. Literature 4. Music  What were the contributions of these leaders?

Aaron Copland  Pieces that reflect the “sound of American music”  “Fanfare for the Common Man,” “Appalachian Spring,” “Rodeo” 

Duke Ellington  Composer, pianist, and big-band leader  “It Don’t Mean A Thing (If It Ain’t Got That Swing)” 

Louis Armstrong  Jazz musician, trumpet player, singer 

George Gershwin  Popular, classic, and jazz pieces  Rhapsody in Blue

Bessie Smith

F. Scott Fitzgerald

John Steinbeck

Georgia O’Keeffe

Jacob Lawrence

Sources  As I Grew Older:  Copland:  Ellington:  Armstrong:  Gershwin: the-score-for-Porgy-and-Besshttp://kids.britannica.com/comptons/art-11017/George-Gershwin-working-on- the-score-for-Porgy-and-Bess  Smith:  Fitzgerald: is-discovered-and-published-by-the-new-yorker/, fitzgerald/tales-of-jazz-age.htmhttp://yabookreviewer.wordpress.com/2012/08/04/new-f-scott-fitzgerald-story- is-discovered-and-published-by-the-new-yorker/ fitzgerald/tales-of-jazz-age.htm  Steinbeck: girl.blogspot.com/2010/10/book-of-mice-and-men-john-steinbeck.htmlhttp://butterybooks.com/bookclubpartyideas/east-of-eden-by-john-steinbeck/ girl.blogspot.com/2010/10/book-of-mice-and-men-john-steinbeck.html  O’Keeffe:  Lawrence: