Topic: Classification Aim: Describe characteristics of each of the six kingdoms. Do Now: Let’s review for tomorrow’s test. HW: Study for tomorrow’s test! (cell theory, organelles, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, unicellular and multicellular organisms, cell organization, aerobic and anaerobic respiration, passive and active transport)

Cytoplasm Chloroplasts Cell membrane Cell wall Ribosomes Cytoplasm Mitochondria Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Vacuole

1. Sodium is PUMPED out of a nerve cell. 2. A unicellular organism takes in a particle of food. 3. Water moves out of the fish’s body cells (98% water) and into the surrounding water (96% water)

MONERA

Archeabacteria FROM THE READING Unicellular or multicellular? Prokaryotic or eukaryotic? Type of respiration? Type of nutrition?

Archeabacteria Unicellular Prokaryotic Anaerobic Autotrophic or heterotrophic Where do they live?

Found in extreme environments –oxygen-free environments –hot acidic waters of sulfur springs –bodies of concentrated salt water Hot Springs Hydrothermal vents

The hot springs of Yellowstone National Park, USA, were among the first places Archaebacteria were discovered.

What were the three types of archaebacteria you read about? 1.Methanogens: 1.Prefix: methano- 2.Live in oxygen-free environments and produce methane 2.Extreme halophiles 1.Live in bodies of concentrated salt water 3.Thermoacidophiles 1.Prefix: thermo- 2.Live in hot, acidic waters of sulfur springs

Eubacteria Unicellular or multicellular? Prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Eubacteria Unicellular Prokaryotic Autotrophic or heterotrophic

Yogurt contains lactobacteria, intestines-friendly bacterial cultures that foster a healthy colon, and even lower the risk of colon cancer. Lactobacteria, especially acidophilus, promotes the growth of healthy bacteria in the colon. The more of these intestines- friendly bacteria that are present in your colon, the lower the chance of colon diseases. Basically, the friendly bacteria in yogurt seems to deactivate harmful substances before they can become carcinogenic.

Found everywhere –most are helpful (produce vitamins, found in yogurt) –some cause disease (Ex: Strep throat) Streptococci pyogenes Salmonella enteriditis

Strep throat Salmonella poisoning

Fun Fact: There are more bacteria in one person's mouth than there are people in the world.

Protists Unicellular or multicellular? Prokaryotic or eukaryotic? Autotrophic or heterotrophic?

Protists Unicellular Eukaryotic Autotrophic or heterotrophic

Ex: 1. Heterotrophic: Protozoa Ex: Amoeba, paramecium

2. Autotrophic: algae

Fungi Unicellular or multicellular? Autotrophic or heterotrophic?

Fungi Multicellular Heterotrophic –Absorb digested food from their environment (dead organisms)

Examples: Mushrooms

Mold

Yeast (unicellular)

Plants Unicellular or multicellular? Autotrophic or heterotrophic?

Plants Multicellular Autotrophic Ex: Trees, grasses…

Animals Unicellular or multicellular? Autotrophic or heterotrophic?

Animals Multicellular Heterotrophic Examples: Humans, jellyfish, insects, dogs, fish…

Domain Bacteria is familiar to most people when associated with human or animal disease. However, there are many bacterial species do not (and cannot) cause disease. Many species even play beneficial roles by producing antibiotics and food. The soil teems with free-living bacteria that perform many essential functions in the biosphere, e.g. nitrogen fixation. Domain Eukaryota include protists and the cells that make up fungi, plants, animals. Domain Archaea wasn't recognized as a major domain of life until quite recently. Scientists were studying different prokaryotes and found that there were two distinctly different groups: those that lived at high temperatures or produced methane clustered together as a group. Because of their difference in genetic makeup, scientists proposed that life be divided into 3 domains. sification/

Let’s summarize… 1.Name the six kingdoms. 2.Which kingdoms: 1.are made up of unicellular organisms? 2.are made up of multicellular organisms? 3.are autotrophic? 4.are heterotrophic?

Review: Identify the kingdom described. 1.Multi-cellular and autotrophic 2.Unicellular, eukaryotic, autotrophic or heterotrophic 3.Unicellular, prokaryotic, autotrophic or heterotrophic, very common 4.Multi-cellular and heterotrophic 5.Multi-cellular, absorb digested food from the environment 6.Unicellular, prokaryotic, autotrophic or heterotrophic, can withstand extreme environments 7.Multi-cellular, heterotrophic, ingest food

Which kingdom is made up of unicellular organisms with no nucleus and can be found in hydrothermal vents? (1.) Eubacteria (2.) Fungi (3.) Archaebacteria (4.) Protists

A scientist recently discovered a pond organism that is unicellular, contains chloroplasts and other membrane-bound organelles, and possesses a flagellum. In which kingdom is this organism classified? (1.) Eubacteria (2.) Fungi (3.) Protists (4.) Plant

Mushrooms and molds belong to the kingdom (1.) Fungi (2.) Plants (3.) Protists (4.) Animals

An organism that is unicellular, contains a nucleus and is autotrophic is classified as a (1.) Plant (2.) Protist (3.) Algae (4.) Fungi

Multicellular organisms that absorb digested nutrients from the environment is classified as (1.) animals (2.) fungi (3.) protists (4.) paramecia