VOCABULARY to go with Lab “MOTION IN REVIEW” FORCE INERTIA VELOCITY FRICTION Newton’s first Law of Motion

FORCE Definition: A PUSH OR A PULL Example: pulling the garbage can, pushing a bike up a hill.

INERTIA Definition: An object’s tendency to either remain at rest or in uniform motion at the same speed in a straight line Example: Your body keeps moving forward even though the bus is stopping.(DISCOVERED BY Galileo Galilei)

VELOCITY Definition: Speed in a particular direction. Example: Biking 25 miles (speed) in an hour South(direction)

Newton’s First law of Motion Definition: An object can remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by an unbalanced external force Example: A ball stays in the same place until someone kicks it. A ball may keep moving until the grass slows it down.

Friction Definition: a force that slows an object from moving. Example: rubber on the bottom of sneakers, brakes on a bike/car Types of friction: fluid(water), air(parachutes/athlete’s uniform), mass(sliding vs. static)

Vocabulary for “Gravity and Balance” GRAVITY GRAVITY SUPPORT FORCE NEWTON POUND WEIGHT

GRAVITY Definition: A force pulling objects toward the center of the Earth Example: a falling baseball or leaves falling

GRAVITY SUPPORT FORCE Definition: An equal force that opposes gravity’s downward pull Example: sitting chair example

NEWTON Definition: Unit of force in the metric system(N) Example: One newton(N) =.225LBS or One pound = 4.45 Newton(N)

POUND Definition: The United States’s customary unit of force(lb) Example: One newton(N) =.225LBS or One pound = 4.45 Newton(N)

WEIGHT DEFINITION: The strength of the force of gravity pulling down toward the earth’s surface Example: the weight of a bowling ball is more forceful than a basketball.

MOVING MASSES ACCELERATION MASS NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTION Air Resistance

ACCELERATION Definition: Rate of change in the speed and direction(velocity) of an object. Note: This can mean speeding up, slowing down(deceleration), or changing direction. Example: A car increases speed to pass another car.

MASS Definition: Measures the amount of matter in an object Example: Compare a softball to a foam ball, how are they different? A softball has more material compacted in one space than the foam ball. Therefore, it has more mass.

NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTION Definition: A greater unbalanced external force causes greater acceleration of an object; Therefore, a greater unbalanced external force is needed to accelerate(speed up/slow down) an object of greater mass. Force = Mass X Acceleration Example: It takes more power to stop/move a heavier object than a lighter object

AIR RESISTANCE Definition: A force exerted by air against an object moving through it and acts in the opposite direction of the object’s motion,”drag” Example: parachute, clothing on an athlete, etc.

Vocabulary for Lab “Basketball Arcs” FREE FALL PARABOLA

FREE FALL Definition: Floating objects float because of their speed in relation to the Earth- Example: The air craft travels as fast as it is falling downwards, causing the objects/astronauts to float. speed forward(8km/sec) or (5mi/sec): falling speed (5m/sec) or (16ft/sec)

PARABOLA Definition: A path that curves or makes an arc caused by gravity’s downward force Example: Connection: As a basketball player shoots from the free throw line, what path does the ball travel to get into the hoop?

VOCABULARY for Lab “Rolling On” SPEED Distance Time FRICTION

SPEED Definition: Speed- Measures how far an object travels in a period of time Formula: In order to calculate speed, you need distance and divide by time.

DISTANCE Speed = Distance divided by Time

TIME Definition:Time elapsed from start to stop measured: seconds, minutes,hours time = distance /rate

FRICTION(repeat) Definition: Occurs between a moving object and the surface on, or medium through, which it moves -Opposes motion and reduces speed of a moving object Example: 4 types of friction: Fluid (air/water) Static (stationary) Sliding (moving) Rolling (moving with wheels)