IN THE HEALTH SECTOR MOZAMBIQUE Gender Mainstreaming IN THE HEALTH SECTOR MOZAMBIQUE Responding to the changing context in International Health: Opportunities and Challenges for Gender Mainstreaming

Agenda Where are we? Main Health Problems Strategies to Ensure Gender Responsiveness and Increased Resources for women Capacities needed to Equitable Development Results Q&A

Where are We? Illiteracy rate and protective role of education Coverage of health services Quality of health care services Accessibility to health care

Where are We? PARP (Action Plan for Poverty Reduction) National Gender Policy and Implementation Strategies National Action Plan on the Advancement of Women Health Sector Strategic Plan Strategies for Gender Equality in the Health Sector (incl. Gender Responsive Planning and Budgeting)

Main Health Problems Men Die earlier, High risk behaviour Anti social behaviour Violence and trauma (work accident, car crash) Alcohol and smoking related diseases , e.g. lung and hepatic cancer

Main Health Problems Women Live longer 1/3 of deaths related to sexual and reproductive role: High maternal mortality rate, fistula ... High rates of STI/HIV/AIDS Malaria Tuberculosis Depression , anxiety (violence)

Strategies to Ensure Gender Responsiveness and Increased Resources for women Situation analysis Research Gender and health equity at community level Constraints faced by women in the health workforce Male involvement in SRH Policy and Program development Women health Safe motherhood Human Resources Development Gender based violence

Strategies to Ensure Gender Responsiveness and Increased Resources for women Human Resources Training on Gender: Curricula review, Health planners and Health care providers Reshaping of the human resources pyramid New policies on vehicle drivers, security personnel and quota on students enrolment on paramedical schools

Capacity building on G responsiveness Strategies to Ensure Gender Responsiveness and Increased Resources for women Processes: SWAP Working Groups on Gender Different levels including on Health Identification of entry points for gendermainstreaming Advocacy Capacity building on G responsiveness Planners Programme managers of the entire Ministry (Central level)

Identification of gender gaps at service delivery Strategies to Ensure Gender Responsiveness and Increased Resources for women Processes: Identification of gender gaps at service delivery SRH (maternal mortality, STI/HIV and AIDS) Communicable diseases (Malaria, Tuberculosis) Non Communicable diseases (violence, trauma, diabetes, hypertension, mental disorders) Identification of women’s health diseases Cervix and breast cancer

Identification of gender gaps at health work force Strategies to Ensure Gender Responsiveness and Increased Resources for women Processes: Identification of gender gaps at health work force Careers Managers Leadership Role of the Ministry of Planning and Development

Capacities needed to Equitable Development Results Gender Gender Planning and budgeting The exercise showed the shortcomings of the systems Health information system Data partially disaggregated by sex (HR, STI/ HIV/AIDS) Under review Top down bottom-up

Main Challenges Slow process Changes to be made simultaneously at different levels Understanding the constraints on providers and working with them to effect improvements in services Low morale and motivation Poor communication between management and providers

Main Challenges Development of tools for empowering people Build a bottom-up quality assurance, through a participatory process Ask community members in their homes ‘the likes and dislikes’ of the local health centre

Main Challenges Long term challenges Institutionalization: strong commitment is not enough Gender awareness Women’s issues/ gender issues

Opportunities Political commitment Multi-sectorial approach (Coordinated by Ministry of Women and Social Action) Development of Gender Machinery Definition of priorities to enable a focus Interactions with NGOs and other partners (SWAP, etc.)

Thank you. Q&A