How much water do we have? Total volume of water on the planet: 326,000,000 cubic miles.

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Presentation transcript:

How much water do we have? Total volume of water on the planet: 326,000,000 cubic miles

The Earth’s Water Distribution 97% of the water on earth is in the oceans Only 3% of the water on earth is freshwater About 2.4% of the freshwater on earth is permanently frozen in glaciers and at the polar ice caps About 1/2 of 1 % of the water on earth is groundwater Only about 1/100 of 1% of the water on earth is in the rivers and lakes

The Basics The water present on the earth today is the same water that was formed with the planet itself. The amount of water cannot be increased or decreased. The unending circulation of the earth’s water is called the hydrologic or water cycle.

Four Phases to the Hydrologic Cycle Condensation – the reduction of a gas to a liquid Evaporation – to change a liquid or solid into vapor Precipitation – to condense and cause to fall as rain, snow, sleet, etc. Transpiration – the giving off of moisture through the pores of the skin or through the surface of leaves and other parts of plants

JU Dhaka 2010.

JU Dhaka 2010.

Water storages and fluxes JU Dhaka 2010.

One estimate of global water distribution: Water source Water volume, in cubic miles Water volume, in cubic kilometers Percent of fresh water Percent of total water Oceans, Seas, & Bays 321,000,0001,338,000, Ice caps, Glaciers, & Permanent Snow 5,773,00024,064, Groundwater5,614,00023,400, Fresh2,526,00010,530, Saline3,088,00012,870, Soil Moisture3,95916, Ground Ice & Permafrost 71,970300, Lakes42,320176, Fresh21,83091, Saline20,49085, Atmosphere3,09512, Swamp Water2,75211, Rivers5092, Biological Water2691, Total332,500,0001,386,000, Source: Gleick, P. H., 1996: Water resources. In Encyclopedia of Climate and Weather, ed. by S. H. Schneider, Oxford University Press, New York, vol. 2, pp JU Dhaka 2010.

c„w_exi mvMi gnvmvMi mvMi gnvmvMiMfxiZv (wgUv‡i)AvqZb wgwjqb eM© wKwg AvqZb wgwjqb Nb wKwg Pacific Ocean 4, Atlantic Ocean 3, Indian Ocean 3, Arctic Ocean 1, Australasian Central Sea 1, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea 2, Mediterranean and Black Seas 1, Bering Sea 1, Sea of Okhotsk Hudson Bay North Sea Baltic Sea Irish Sea English Channel The World Ocean3, ,370 Drmt Microsoft ® Encarta ® Reference Library 2005 JU Dhaka 2010.

we‡k¦i cÖavb cÖavb n«‡`i Ae¯’vb I AvqZb Caspian Sea, Asia 371,000 eM© wKwg Lake Superior, North America 82,100 eM© wKwg Lake Victoria, Africa 69,490 eM© wKwg Lake Huron, North America 59,600 eM© wKwg Lake Michigan, North America 57,800 eM© wKwg Lake Tanganyika, Africa 32,900 eM© wKwg Great Bear Lake, North America 31,790 eM© wKwg Lake Baikal, Asia 31,500 eM© wKwg Lake Nyasa, Tanzania-Mozambique-Malawi 28,749 eM© wKwg Great Slave Lake, North America 28,570 eM© wKwg Aral SeaKazakhstan-Uzbekistan 28,500 eM© wKwg JU Dhaka 2010.

Hardson River JU Dhaka 2010.

JU Dhaka 2010.

JU Dhaka 2010.

JU Dhaka 2010.

JU Dhaka 2010.

Glacial ice covers percent of all land. According to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), if all glaciers melted today the seas would rise about 230 feet (70 meters). During the last ice age (when glaciers covered more land area than today) the sea level was about 400 feet (122 meters) lower than it is today. At that time, glaciers covered almost one-third of the land. During the last warm spell, 125,000 years ago, the seas were about 18 feet (5.5 meters) higher than they are today. About three million years ago the seas could have been up to 165 feet (50.3 meters) higher. Largest surface area of any glacier in the contiguous United States: Emmons Glacier, Washington (4.3 square miles or 11 square kilometers) JU Dhaka 2010.

JU Dhaka 2010.

JU Dhaka 2010.

JU Dhaka 2010.

66% of the human body is made up of water. At just 2% dehydration your performance decreases by around 20%. We should drink at least 1½ litres of water a day. 66% of the human body is made up of water. At just 2% dehydration your performance decreases by around 20%. We should drink at least 1½ litres of water a day. JU Dhaka 2010.

Two thirds of our planet is covered by water. 97.5% of the water is saltwater. The majority of freshwater is beyond our reach, locked into polar snow and ice. Two thirds of our planet is covered by water. 97.5% of the water is saltwater. The majority of freshwater is beyond our reach, locked into polar snow and ice. JU Dhaka 2010.

c„w_exi cvwb cvwbi AvaviAvqZb(wgwjqb Nb wKwg) kZKiv nvi(%) mvMi gnvmvMi1, eid f~c„ô¯’ cvwb(Mfxi) f~c„ô¯’ cvwb(AMfxi) n«` Av`ª© gvwU‡Z evqygÛj b`x Rxe me©‡gvU1, Source: Adapted from Elizabeth Kay Berner and Robert A. Berner, TheGlobal Water Cycle: Geochemistry and Environment, 1987, Encyclopædia Britannica JU Dhaka 2010.

c„w_exi f~fv‡Mi cvwbAvqZb(wgwjqb Nb wKwg) ¯^v`y cvwb(Rjvf~wg I Aí jebv³) f~c„ô¯’ cvwb 9.5 eid n«‡`i cvwb 0.13 b`x, evqygÛj, g„wËKv I Rxe gÛj 0.08 ‡gvU Source: Adapted from Elizabeth Kay Berner and Robert A. Berner, TheGlobal Water Cycle: Geochemistry and Environment, 1987, Encyclopædia Britannica c„w_exi f~fv‡Mi cvwbi Ae¯’vb JU Dhaka 2010.

cvwb m¤ú‡ì eënv‡ii cÖavb †¶Î¸‡jv n‡”Q- 1| cvwbI Rj wnev‡e, 2| Lv‡`ï Drm, 3| K…wl, ‡mP I grm AvniY; 4| M„nv¯’wj, 5| AveR©bv wb®‹vkb; 6| cwienY I evwbR¨; 7| wk‡í; 8| ch©Ub I we‡bv`b I 9| we`ÿr Drcv`‡b | JU Dhaka 2010.

JU Dhaka 2010.

The number of people with access to clean water has doubled in the last 20 years. 1.1 billion people in the world still do not have access to safe water. This is nearly 20% of the population. The number of people with access to clean water has doubled in the last 20 years. 1.1 billion people in the world still do not have access to safe water. This is nearly 20% of the population. JU Dhaka 2010.

JU Dhaka 2010.

The UN estimates that by 2025, 75% of the world population won’t have reliable, clean water. JU Dhaka 2010.

JU Dhaka 2010.