BED BUGS OBLIGATIONS AND REMEDIES WHEN BEDBUGS INFEST RESIDENTIAL LEASED DWELLINGS 1.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Real Estate Principles, 9th Edition
Advertisements

Property Management Webinar Series The New Repair Paragraph of the TAR Lease Instructed by Edra Anderson, Associate Counsel August 18, 2010.
Lease-a rental agreement Specifies the amount of rent to be paid and the length of time for which the dwelling may be rented. States the rights and duties.
Landlord-Tenant Issues in JP Court
Real and Personal Property Objective Compare the legal rights of acquisition, transferal and renting/leasing of real or personal property. RELATIONSHIP.
Tenants’ Union of Tasmania Inc. Lesson Six Ending a Tenancy.
The rights of families and youth living in rental housing in Virginia Protecting Families and Children from Homelessness Using Landlord/Tenant Law to Prevent.
Click your mouse anywhere on the screen to advance the text in each slide. After the starburst appears, click a blue triangle to move to the next slide.
D ISASTER P REPAREDNESS LL/T How to break a lease, after the hurricane/wildfire/other disasters in Florida.
Maine Center for Disease Control & Prevention Radiation Control Program, Radon Section Radon Section Leader Maine DHHS, Radiation Control Program
Landlord/Tenant Law Business & Personal Law Gary Nelson April 2001.
MODERN RESIDENTIAL LEASE OPTION Chapter 47G Effective October 1, 2010.
Renting Realty Chapter 22.
Renting Real Property CHAPTER THIRTY. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.30 | 2 Landlord – Tenant Relationship Landlord: the person.
1 Click your mouse anywhere on the screen to advance the text in each slide. After the starburst appears, click a blue triangle to move to the next slide.
Real Estate Law Residential Leases Real Estate Law Residential Leases.
1 ARE 306Unit 15 Tenancies. 2 Definitions l Lessee l Lessor l Rent.
Landlord-tenant disputes are a common occurrence in the renting process. Some of these disputes could be avoided if landlords and tenants were aware of.
Updates to Fair Housing Laws House Bill Currently, most landlords in our area require the tenant to make 3 times the amount of the rent – But they.
August’s Top Performers Most new Listings; Most Units Sold; Top producer; Agent name Renee Jean.
Lease Termination & Special Statutory Rights
Chapter 13 Leasehold Estates 2010©Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Visitors Guide to Housing in Ithaca. What is a lease? A Lease is a legal document. It protects the owners investment and tenants rights. Without a lease.
Housing and Health. Housing Leases Leases 6 month or 1 year period of time 6 month or 1 year period of time Advantage- can’t be forced out unless violated.
Payment Systems Risk of Loss in the Checking System: Special Rules.
Suing the Federal Government. 2 History Traditional Sovereign Immunity US Constitution "No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence.
Presented by: Chelsey M. Golightly. The Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (SCRA), 50 App. U.S.C.A. § 535, provides a wide range of protections for individuals.
Protecting the Property Manager at Foreclosure: What You Need to Know Presented by Abby Lee August 20, 2014.
Tenant Package Coldwell Banker Pioneer Real Estate Property Management Division Sunnymead Blvd. Moreno Valley, Ca off (951) fax (951)
© 2006 Consumer Jungle Landlord Tenant Law. © 2006 Consumer Jungle Importance of Landlord Tenant Law You’re living on your own now You must know the rights.
© Family Economics & Financial Education – November 2005 – Housing Unit – Securing a Living Space Funded by a grant from Take Charge America, Inc. to the.
Everything You Wanted to Know About Renting, Under the RTA.
© 2015 OnCourse Learning Chapter 13 Leasehold Estates.
Property Management Webinar Series Evictions & Foreclosures Instructed by Kinski Leuffer, Associate Counsel August 17, 2011.
March 13, 2015 Lawrence McDonough Pro Bono Counsel Dorsey and Whitney, LLP Suite South Sixth Street Minneapolis, MN
The Property Management Webinar Series Presents Repairs Presented by ABBY LEE, Associate Counsel February 20, 2013.
Quadrennial 2011 Oil and Gas State Assessed & Personal Property.
Comprehensive Volume, 18 th Edition Chapter 53: Leases.
25-1 Copyright © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
P A R T P A R T Property Personal Property and Bailments Real Property Landlord and Tenant Estates and Trusts Insurance Law 5 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Business.
Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western Publishing G O A L S Types of Leases Describe the legal characteristics of a lease Identify the parties.
CHAPTER 14 INTERPRETATION OF THE CONTRACT AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THIRD PERSONS DAVIDSON, KNOWLES & FORSYTHE Business Law: Cases and Principles.
LEASING REAL PROPERTY ► CHAPTER 13 © 2009 South-Western, Cengage Learning.
Clauses you should think twice about before Including In Your Rental Agreements...
Chapter 8: Preserving Your Credit Lesson 8-1: Identifying Financial Issues Learning Goals: Discuss living arrangements and financial issues with other.
Remember that a lease agreement— whether written or oral—is a contract, enforceable by law.
BELL QUIZ ON CHAPTER 18 Name one thing an agent can negotiate.
Chapter 10 Renting a Home Selecting Rental Housing Tenant Rights and Responsibilities Sharing Housing Feeling at Home.
CHAPTER 10: TERMINATING THE TENANT AGREEMENT: NO- FAULT GROUNDS Emond Montgomery Publications 1.
RECERTIFICATION EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT.
Copyright © 2004 by Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved. PowerPoint Slides to Accompany BUSINESS LAW E-Commerce and Digital Law International Law and Ethics.
CHAPTER 13: THE ORDER AND BEYOND Emond Montgomery Publications 1.
Renting or Owning a Home. Exciting event Learn about the rights of landlords and tenants in various kinds in of tenancies Types of co-ownership and deeds.
INCOME FROM HOUSE PROPERTY. INTRODUCTION This lesson deals with income, which falls under the head ‘Income from house property’. The scope of income charged.
The Rental Agreement Section Understanding Business and Personal Law The Rental Agreement Section 33.1 Renting a Place to Live Section 33.1 The.
BILLS RELATED TO PROPERTY OWNERS ASSOCIATIONS AND LANDLORD AND TENANT.
Rental Agreements Moving In, Moving On
Tenanted Properties.
Understand Sales, Consumer, Property and Cyber Laws
Gaylene Lonergan.
PROPERTY .
Residential Tenancies
Protecting Your Security Deposit
Landlord Basics Gain a basic understanding of the Rent Stabilization Ordinance, landlord rights and responsibilities.
Legal protections for Dv survivors
Property Management Webinar - The Keys to Security Devices
SECURITY DEPOSIT RECEIPT
Unlawful detainer and estate administration
NEW FEDERAL EVICTION LAWS- WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
ROOM RENTAL AGREEMENT.
Presentation transcript:

BED BUGS OBLIGATIONS AND REMEDIES WHEN BEDBUGS INFEST RESIDENTIAL LEASED DWELLINGS 1

DISCLAIMER ANY STATEMENTS WRITTEN OR ORAL BY LEGAL AID OF NORTHWEST TEXAS (LANWT) INCLUDING ITS REPRESENTATIVE ALEX A. GALINDO DURING THIS PRESENTATION OR IN THIS SLIDESHOW (POWER POINT) PRESENTATION ARE NOT TO BE CONSIDERED ADVICE, AND DO NOT CREATE AN ATTORNEY CLIENT RELATIONSHIP BEWEEN LANWT AND ANY ATTENDEES OF THIS PRESENTATION OR VIEWERS OF THIS SLIDESHOW/POWERPOINT PRESENTATION. BOTH LANDLORDS AND TENANTS SHOULD UNDERSTAND THAT THE STATUTES MENTIONED HERE ARE VERY COMPLEX, AND ARE BEING PARAPHRASED, SO THIS PRESENTATION IS MEANT MERELY TO BE A GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE LAW IN THIS AREA. 2

QUESTION: Where in the property code does one find state laws/statutes dealing with a residential landlord’s duty to repair or remedy the conditions of leased premises? ANSWER: Texas Property Code, Chapter 92, Subchapter B. Texas Property Code, Chapter 92, Subchapter B consists of Texas Property Code sections through

THERE IS NO SPECIFIC LAW EXPLICITLY DEALING WITH BED BUG INFESTATIONS IN LEASED RESIDENTIAL DWELLINGS, BUT TEXAS PROPERTY CODE, CHAPTER 92, SUBCHAPTER B DISCUSSES WHEN A LANDLORD HAS A DUTY TO REPAIR OR REMEDY CONDITIONS THAT MATERIALLY AFFECT THE HEALTH OR SAFETY OF AN ORDINARY TENANT. 4

TEX. PROP. CODE §92.052(a) ESTABLISHES A GENERAL DUTY ON A LANDLORD TO REPAIR OR REMEDY A CONDITION LIKE A BED BUG INFESTATION SUBJECT TO THE MAJOR CAVEAT/EXCEPTION ON SLIDE 7. A landlord shall make a diligent effort to repair or remedy a condition if: (1) the tenant specifies the condition in a notice to the person to whom or to the place where rent is normally paid; (2) the tenant is not delinquent in the payment of rent at the time notice is given; and (3) the condition: materially affects the physical health or safety of an ordinary tenant. 5

ISSUES FOR A LANDLORD WHOSE TENANTS OWE RENT: IF A TENANT IS BEHIND IN THE PAYMENT OF RENT, SHOULD A LANDLORD REMEDY A BED BUG INFESTATION? THE LONGER AN INFESTATION IS LEFT UNREMEDIED THE GREATER AN INFESTATION WILL BECOME AND LIKELY SPREAD TO OTHER DWELLINGS. IF BED BUGS SPREAD TO A LANDLORD’S OTHER DWELLING UNITS, HOW WILL THAT AFFECT THE LANDLORD’S REPUTATION AND BOTTOM LINE? 6

TEXAS PROP CODE § (b) ESTABLISHES AN EXCEPTION TO A GENERAL DUTY OF A LANDLORD TO REPAIR/REMEDY UNDER TEXAS PROP CODE § (a) Landlord has no duty to repair/remedy a condition other than normal wear and tear caused by: The tenant; A lawful occupant in the tenant’s dwelling; A member of the tenant’s family; or A guest or invitee of the tenant. [Texas Prop. Code § (b)] IF A BED BUG INFESTATION IS CAUSED BY THE NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL CONDUCT OF THE TENANT OR ANY INDIVIDUALS NOTED ABOVE, THE LANDLORD WILL NOT HAVE A DUTY TO REPAIR OR REMEDY THE CONDITION. HOWEVER, IT MAY BE DIFFICULT TO PROVE THAT THE INFESTATION IS CAUSED BY THE TENANT. 7

IN MANY CASES IT IS GOING TO BE DIFFICULT TO DETERMINE WHO CAUSED THE BED BUG INFESTATION After all, can’t Bed Bugs migrate from one dwelling unit to another via vents, holes in walls, spaces between doors and thresholds or door jams? Isn’t it possible that Bed Bugs can be in the unit at the time a tenant enters a lease, but a tenant doesn’t have an opportunity to notice Bed Bugs until a tenant has been in a unit for a while or that bedbugs are in a unit but infestation hasn’t gotten to a point where they are noticed until later? Merely because a tenant on inspection thinks and says that a unit is free of Bed Bugs doesn’t mean a dwelling unit is free of Bed Bugs. 8

DETERMINING SOURCE OF BED BUGS (Cont.) Bed Bugs are good at hitching rides on rodents, and rodents can carry bedbugs from one rental unit to another. Due to the difficulty of determining the source of the Bed Bug infestation, are lease provisions that assign the cost of repair to the tenant going to be difficult to enforce? 9

THE FOLLOWING SLIDES IN GENERAL DEAL WITH THE SITUATION WHERE THE TENANT, A LAWFUL OCCUPANT IN THE DWELLING, A GUEST OR INVITEE OF THE TENANT HAVE NOT CAUSED THE CONDITION OR THE INFESTATION. 10

WAIVER BY AGREEMENT OF LANDLORD’S DUTY TO REMEDY INFESTATION IF TENANT IS NOT AT FAULT 1: A landlord and a tenant may agree for the tenant to repair or remedy, at the landlord’s expense. [Tex. Prop. Code § (d)] 2: A landlord and a tenant agree for the tenant to repair or remedy a condition, at the tenant’s expense. However this waiver is likely to occur RARELY because there are many requirements of a valid waiver including but not limited to: at beginning of the lease term the landlord owns only one rental dwelling; at beginning of the lease term the dwelling is free from Bed Bugs; 11

the landlord has no reason to believe the condition is likely to occur or reoccur; the lease is in writing; the agreement for repairs by the tenant is either underlined or printed in boldface in the lease or in a separate written addendum; the agreement is specific and clear; and the agreement is made knowingly, voluntarily, and for consideration. [see Tex. Prop. Code § (e)] Tenants could also make the argument that if a previous Bed Bug infestation had occurred in a dwelling, that because of the likelihood of re-infestation, the landlord can never waive their duty to repair or remedy the condition when the tenant is not at fault. 12

CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH A LANDLORD IS LIABLE UNDER TEXAS PROPERTY CODE, CHAPTER 92, SUBCHAPTER B. TEX. PROP. CODE § (b) states generally that: a landlord is liable to a tenant if : (1) the tenant has given the landlord notice to repair or remedy a condition by giving that notice to the person to whom or to the place where the tenant’s rent is normally paid; (2)the condition materially affects the health or safety of an ordinary tenant; 13

(3)the tenant has given the landlord a subsequent written notice to repair or remedy the condition after a reasonable time to repair or remedy the condition following the notice given above by sending the written notice by certified mail, return receipt requested, or by registered mail; (4)the landlord has had a reasonable time to repair or remedy the condition after the landlord received the tenant’s notice(s); (5)the landlord has not made a diligent effort to repair or remedy the condition after the landlord received the tenant’s notice(s); and 14

(6)the tenant was not delinquent in the payment of rent at the time any notice(s) required above. Under Tex. Prop. Code sec (d) there is a rebuttable presumption that seven days is a reasonable amount of time for a landlord to repair or remedy a condition. It is to a tenant’s advantage to provide his first and thus only written notice to the landlord to repair/remedy the condition by certified mail, return receipt requested or registered mail. A landlord is considered to have received a notice to repair/remedy when the landlord or the landlord’s agent has actually received the notice or when the U.S. Postal Service has attempted delivery. 15

REMEDIES AVAILABLE TO A TENANT UNDER TEX. PROP. CODE WHEN A LANDLORD IS LIABLE UNDER TEXAS PROPERTY CODE § (b) FOR FAILURE TO REPAIR/REMEDY A INFESTATION (1) terminate the lease (some judicial remedies are curtailed); (2) have the conditions repaired or remedied; (3) deduct from the tenant’s rent, without necessity of judicial action, the cost of the repair or remedy; and (4) obtain judicial remedies. [Tex. Prop. Code § (e)] 16

REMEDIES AVAILABLE TO TENANT WHO TERMINATES A LEASE PURSUANT TO TEXAS PROPERTY CODE § (e)(1) a pro rata refund of rent from the date of termination or the date the tenant moves out, whichever is later; a deduction of the tenant’s security deposit from the tenant’s rent without necessity of lawsuit or obtain a refund of the tenant’s security deposit according to the law; judicial remedies including: Civil penalty of one month’s rent plus $500.00; Tenant’s actual damages; and Court costs and attorney’s fees. [see Tex. Prop. Code § (e), Tex. Prop. Code § (f) and Tex. Prop. Code § (a)] 17

COMPLEX RULES TO FOLLOW FOR TENANT TO REPAIR/ REMEDY OR REPAIR/REMEDY AND DEDUCT DUE TO BEDBUG INFESTATION? THIS IS A DANGEROUS MINEFIELD FOR THE TENANT. SOME of the rules include (and they are discussed very generally) are: 1. The landlord must have a duty to remedy the Bed Bug infestation, as previously discussed; 2. The duty to repair or remedy must not have been waived in the written lease, as previously discussed; 3. The landlord must have been notified in writing by the appropriate local housing, building, or health official or other official having jurisdiction that the condition materially affects the health or safety of an ordinary tenant; 18

4.The tenant must provide written notice, as set out in the statute, of the tenant’s intention to repair or remedy the condition; and 5.Limit on who can repair: the repairs need to be made by a company listed in the yellow or business pages of local directory or the classified advertising section of the local newspaper. Unless the landlord and the tenant agree otherwise, the repairs cannot be made by the tenant, the tenant’s immediate family, or the tenant’s employer, employee, or a business that the tenant has an ownership interest in. 6.Tenant deduction for the cost of the repair or remedy may not exceed $500 or one month’s rent, whichever is greater. If the tenant’s rent is subsidized, then the amount that the tenant may be entitled to deduct will be the fair market value of the rent, not the amount that the tenant pays. [ see Tex. Prop. Code. § ] 19

JUDICIAL REMEDIES: (1) An order directing the landlord to take reasonable actions to repair or remedy the condition; (2) Rent Reduction, from the date of the first notice, until condition is repaired or remedied (in proportion to the reduced rental value resulting from the condition); (3) Civil penalty of one month’s rent plus $500; (4) Tenant’s actual damages; and (5) Court costs and attorney’s fees. [see Texas Prop. Code § (a)] 20

MISCELANEOUS ISSUE #1: CLOSING OF RENTAL UNIT BY LANDLORD IN LIEU OF REMEDYING OR REPAIRING Circumstances under which a landlord may close the rental unit is addressed in Tex. Prop. Code § In general, a landlord can give notice to the tenant by certified mail, return receipt requested, that the landlord is terminating the tenancy and will immediately demolish the rental unit or no longer use the rental unit for residential purposes. Generally, after the tenant moves out, the unit may be reoccupied after six months of vacancy, provided a local health official or building inspector certifies that no condition exists that will materially affect the health or safety of an ordinary tenant. The tenant’s remedies, if the landlord closes the rental unit, depend on whether or not the tenant had given the landlord notice of the condition, and are fully discussed in Tex. Prop. Code sec

MISCELLANEOUS ISSUE #2: LANDLORD AFFIDAVIT OF DELAY FOR REPAIR OR REMEDY In some cases, a landlord can delay a tenant from invoking their right to repair or remedy the condition by filing an affidavit which states that for reasons such as an inability to find parts or repairmen, that the landlord cannot promptly repair the condition. This may extend the timetable for up to 15 or 30 days, depending on the reason for the delay. However, there are complicated rules on this matter, and if the landlord makes an affidavit in bad faith, the landlord can be sued for: (1) an order directing the landlord to take reasonable actions to repair or remedy the condition; (2) Rent Reduction, from the date of the first notice, until condition is repaired or remedied (in proportion to the reduced rental value resulting from the condition); (3) Civil penalty of one month’s rent plus $1,000; (4) Tenant’s actual damages; and (5) Court costs and attorney’s fees. [see Tex. Prop. Code § & Tex. Prop. Code § (a)] 22