Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms Presented by Jim Magallanes TechniCool Innovations Inc Upham Street Suite B-1, Broomfield CO Phone / Fax

Jim Magallanes Outline  Small IT Rooms  Electronic Equipment Trends  Cooling Load  Best Cooling Practices  Cooling Solutions Portable Systems Mini Split Systems A/C Computer Cabinet Systems A/C Ceiling Systems Precision Ceiling Systems  Conclusion Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Small IT Rooms  Data Centers & Large Computer Rooms Always include a dedicated cooling system  Small IT Rooms Many IT devices are located outside computer room  Closets /Branch Offices / Storage Rooms / Open Offices  Never designed for cooling IT equipment Power density of IT equipment has increased over time  Servers / Telecom / VOIP Routers & Switches / UPS Floor Space is a Premium: <100 ft 2 Contents: 1 – 3 Equipment Racks Heat Load per Rack: kW Avg. Typical Cooling: None or Building Cooling During Day Remote location of building Security: Medium  Locked Door and/or Locked Cabinet “The average wiring closet contains $150,000 - $300,000 of equipment and a typical small server room often houses more than three times that amount.” - Mitch Medford, NetBotz CTO Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Small IT Rooms  Approach to cooling small IT Rooms Ignore cooling requirement Deploy equipment … deploy more equipment Call CTM frantically when IT equipment overheats and/or fails  Average small IT room can contain up to several hundred thousand dollars of equipment  Network down results in more than IT replacement cost  Lost sales / productivity / equipment / data  Cooling Strategy Requires proactive approach ensuring the uptime availability of your IT network  Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms Basic cooling principals for small IT rooms Available cooling options Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Electronic Equipment Trends  Power = Heat Servers  Blade Servers  Smaller & More Powerful IP & VOIP Telecom Equip  High-powered switches and equipment  Low-powered legacy  Requires UPS support  Overheated IT equipment Reduced Life / Hardware Damage Reduced Reliability Slower Network Costly System Downtime General Rule  Every 10°C temperature rise in nominal temperatures produces a 50% reduction in the lifetime and long-term reliability of IT hardware - MIL-HDBK 217 / Arrhenius Models Figure: Product Heat Density Chart (The Uptime Institute) Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Electronic Equipment Trends  Power = Heat Servers  Blade Servers  Smaller & More Powerful IP & VOIP Telecom Equip  High-powered switches and equipment  Low-powered legacy  Requires UPS support  Overheated IT equipment Reduced Life / Hardware Damage Reduced Reliability Slower Network Costly System Downtime General Rule  Every 10°C temperature rise in nominal temperatures produces a 50% reduction in the lifetime and long-term reliability of IT hardware - MIL-HDBK 217 / Arrhenius Models Figure: Product Heat Density Chart (The Uptime Institute) Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Heat Problem for Small IT Rooms  Businesses dependent on computers and telecom equipment for day-to-day operations Need to keep IT equipment cool  ASHRAE Technical Committee 9.9  Thermal Guidelines  Inlet Temperatures  Costly to rely on building A/C  Data Centers  Upper range temperatures acceptable  Tight controls/monitoring  Redundancy  Small IT Rooms  Temperatures in the 60Fs to lower 70Fs (18 – 22 C) are practical  Looser controls/monitoring  No redundancy  Extend UPS Battery life by 3 times with lower temperatures: 5 years Supplement building cooling  After business hours/weekends/holidays  Cold-weather months when central system is in heating mode ASHRAE – Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar 18 C 27 C

Jim Magallanes Cooling Load  Determining the cooling load in a wiring closet Incremental load from equipment  Nameplate rating  Usually overstated  ASHRAE TC 9.9: Load during operating conditions  Not yet adopted by manufacturers Determine cooling load from UPS load  Load from all equipment connected to the UPS  Dependent on day and time  Monitor over a period time to get worst case scenario Other sources of heat  Lights/windows/outside wall/etc… Room Dimension: Temp Increases as Room Decreases  Ability to dissipate heat  Electrical power to rejected heat conversion 1 kW = 3,413 Btu/hr.  12,000 Btu/hr = 1 ton of A/C Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions & Best Cooling Practices  Cooling Solutions Primary cooling for IT equipment  Small IT room is not air conditioned Nights & Weekends when building a/c is off  Shut down building a/c when people are not in the building Supplemental Cooling  Added denser IT equipment  Seasonal: Summer or Winter Redundancy / Emergency backup to primary cooling  Planned or unplanned shut downs: Inexpensive insurance plan  Best Practices Spot Cool vs. Traditional A/C  Managing Air Movement  Direct cold air to front of server: Airflow = Front to Back  Do not cool down the entire room  Back of the rack: Up to 36°F Hotter Cold Aisle / Hot Aisle  Use blanking panels for unoccupied rack space Organize cabling  Maximize airflow Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – Portable Systems  Portable Systems A self contained packaged air conditioner that is on wheels and is easily movable to spot cool “hot spots”  Power: 115 VAC, 230 VAC, & 460 VAC  Heat rejection: Ceiling plenum  Air or water cooled  Condensation removal  Tank: Emptying depends on humidity  Pump: Drain/sink/water line End-user Installation  Connect accessories (15 – 20 minutes)  Non-standard applications may require contractor Cooling Capacity  1 – 5 Ton units available Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – Portable Systems  Portable system features Wide cooling capacity range Voltage: 115V, 230V, or 460V Approx. 1.5 Tons at 115V Condensation removal Tank: Empty periodically Pump to drain/sink/water line Operational features Automatic Restart Air delivery Grille or nozzle Ducting Capabilities Exhaust Long ducting runs Return/Make-up Air Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – Portable Systems  Pros Low cost Relocate unit from room to room Moves with tenant Little installation required No outdoor equipment  Cons Floor space required Small heat load on building’s A/C  Typically not a problem Condensate removal  Tank or pump No Humidity Controls Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – Mini Split Systems  Mini Split Systems Consists of 2 units connected by refrigerant lines  Indoor Unit – Inside the wiring closet  Discharges cold air  Refrigerant lines  Transfers heat to the outdoor unit  Outdoor Unit – Outside the building  Discharges hot air to the environment  Designed for comfort cooling  High latent cooling  Removes moisture from air Contractor Installation  Mounting/electrical/refrigerant lines/condensate line  System comes with pre-charged refrigerant lines Cooling Capacity  1 – 3 Ton units available Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – Mini Split Systems 70 FT 25 FT Indoor Unit Installation Guidelines Wiring ClosetOutside Building Outdoor Unit Refrigerant Lines Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – Mini Split Systems  Pros Low cost No floor space required No affect on building’s A/C system  Cons Location Restrictions  Maximum height difference: 25 Ft  Maximum piping length: 70 Ft Landlord Approval  Leasehold improvement No Humidity Controls Reliability  Possible leaks at quick-connect Condensate removal Does not work in extreme low temperatures Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – A/C Computer Cabinet  Air Conditioned Computer Cabinet A standard 19” computer cabinet housing a self contained packaged air conditioner  Power: 115 VAC and 230 VAC  Heat rejection: Ceiling plenum  Condensation removal  Pump: Drain/sink/water line  Evaporative: Exhausts condensation in warm condenser air  Delivers data center infrastructure to LAN room/wiring closet End-user Installation  Connect accessories (20 – 30 minutes) Cooling capacity per computer cabinet  ½ - 1 Ton units available Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

 A/C Computer Cabinet Features Cooling capacity to match IT load Voltage: 115V or 230V Airflow Pattern Most IT Equipment: Front to Back Air conditioner Location Bottom of cabinet to prevent water leak Condensation Removal Pump to drain/sink/water line Evaporate in exhaust: Poor IAQ Backup Cooling Backup UPS for cooling Fresh outside air Automatic Restart Environmental Monitoring Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – A/C Computer Cabinet Airflow Pattern Front to Back Airflow Pattern: Side to Side Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – A/C Computer Cabinet  Pros Low cost Relocate unit from room to room Used in open office environments Moves with tenant Little installation required No outdoor equipment Efficient cooling  Brings cooling directly to IT heat source: Cold Aisle / Hot Aisle Delivers data center infrastructure to wiring closet  Cons Small heat load on building’s A/C  Typically not a problem Manufacturer specific cabinet No Humidity controls Condensation removal Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – A/C Ceiling Systems  A/C Ceiling Systems Packaged air conditioner that fits above the drop ceiling plenum that only has A/C capabilities. Packaged system  Air Cooled  Water-cooled Contractor Installation  Minimal labor  Unit comes pre-charged with refrigerant Cooling Capacity  1 – 5 Ton units available Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – A/C Ceiling Systems  A/C Ceiling System Features Cooling capacity: 1 – 5 Tons Voltage: 115V or 230V Condensation removal Pump to drain / sink / water line Gravity drain Air delivery Supply air ducting Exhaust air ducting Return air ducting Optional Features Automatic restart BMS compatibility Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes  Pros Configurable  Air-cooled or water-cooled No floor space required Low profile fits most ceiling plenums Ducting capabilities  Cold supply air  Exhaust air  Cons Contractor installed Landlord Approval  Leasehold improvement No humidity controls Small heat load on building’s A/C  Typically not a problem Cooling Solutions – A/C Ceiling Systems Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – Precision Ceiling Systems  Precision Ceiling Systems A precision ceiling system is an air conditioner that fits above the drop ceiling plenum that has humidity and reheat capabilities. Engineered system for specific applications  Packaged or split systems  Packaged: (1) component inside building  Split: Components inside and outside building  Air-cooled/water-cooled/chilled water-cooled systems Contractor Installation  Copper piping/electrical/mounting/condensate line  Charges with refrigerant on-site Cooling Capacity  1 – 8 Ton units available Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – Precision Ceiling Systems  Precision ceiling features Wide cooling capacity range Voltage: 115V, 230V, or 460V Condensation removal Pump to drain/sink/water line Gravity drain Operational features Automatic Restart Air delivery Grille Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes  Pros Highly configurable  Packaged or Split  Air-cooled/Water-cooled/chilled water-cooled No floor space required Multiple Options  Humidity controls/alarms/etc…  Cons Very high cost May require outdoor heat rejection equipment Plenum space above ceiling is limited Air Delivery is fixed location Landlord Approval  Leasehold improvement Engineered for application  Contractor installed: Expensive Cooling Solutions – Precision Ceiling Systems Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Solutions – Comparison Chart Cost / Adaptable Ideal Wiring Closet Low / Specific Buildings Low / Flexible Moderate / Flexible Precision Ceiling Systems Mini Split Systems Portable Systems A/C Computer Cabinet Loads: 1 – 8 Tons No Floor space Alarms needed Loads: 0 – 3 Tons Close proximity to outside No floor space Comments Better ROI > 3 Tons Site monitoring system Leasehold improvement Comfort cooling design Cost effective solution Leasehold improvement Loads: 1 – 5 Tons Requires floor space Works with any building Ideal for backup cooling Cost effective solution Little installation required Moves with tenant Air or water cooled Cost effective solution Efficient cooling system Little installation required Moves with tenant Loads:.5 – 1 Ton/cabinet No floor space required Works with any building Optional alarm/Mini DC A/C Ceiling Systems Loads: 1 – 5 Tons Low height in plenum No floor space Air or water cooled Cost effective solution Leasehold improvement Moderate / Flexible High / Flexible Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Strategies Conclusion  Small IT Room Dedicated A/C system  Electronic equipment benefits  Increased life/reliability/server speed  Improve security with locked door Selecting a cooling solution  Building structure  Budget  Closet requirements  Floor space  Location within building  Available power  Own/Leasehold improvement Insurance Policy – Mission Critical IT Network  Redundant cooling solution for shut-downs (planned/unplanned) Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar

Jim Magallanes Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms  Questions Cooling Strategies for Small IT Rooms – CTM 2013 Operations Seminar Phone