First Aid Awareness Wilton Little League

Personal Protection  For you and the patient  Gloves  Barrier devices

Cold Packs  Different types  Chemical reaction  Plain old ice  Towel or pad between pack and skin  On and off

Sprains Ligaments torn  Swelling  Dislocation  Pain on movement  Difficult to tell difference from fractures or dislocation  Cold pack or ice  Keep person at rest  Avoid movement of injured extremity  Keep shoe on

Strains  Muscle over-stretched  Pain  Ice

Dislocation Dislocation – one end of the bone is pulled or pushed out of the joint  Deformity  Constant pain & increased pain on movement  Frozen joint  Swelling  Loss of function & or distal pulse  Cold pack or ice  Stabilize  Do not try to “pop” back in

Fractures  Fracture is the breaking of the bone Open fracture  Control bleeding  Keep clean  Do not push in  No pressure. Loose bandage  Stabilize  Ice Closed fracture  Stabilize  Ice

Head Injuries Skull fracture  Nausea  Vomiting  Black eyes (raccoon eyes)  Bleeding from ears & or nose  Ringing in the ears  Confusion (concussion)  Any doubt EMS or advise parents to seek medical help  Control bleeding NO PRESSURE

Eye Injuries  Redness  Watery  Dirt in eyes  Wash it out from bridge of nose out  Do not rub Impaled object  DO NOT REMOVE  Cover good eye  Place cup over impaled object to prevent movement

Nose & Mouth Injuries Nose injuries  Swelling  Discolored  Lean patient forward  Pinch nose closed should stop 10 minutes  Ice Mouth Injuries  Teeth save them, get to surgeon within hour could save tooth  Hold tooth by enamel not root transport in milk or water  Rinse out  If conscience bite on gauze to control bleeding

Spinal Injuries  May or may not be pain  May or may not be able to move  Tender along spine  DO NOT MOVE PATIENT  DO NOT REMOVE HELMET  ALL BETS OFF IF PATIENT NOT BREATHING

BLEEDING Internal o Bruise o Swelling o Black & blue o Cold pack or ice Arterial o Bright red o Spurting Venous o Dark red o Oozing slowly o Bandage o Direct pressure o Elevate o ice

Heat cramps  Sweating heavily  Drinking large quantities of water  Loss of salts & water  Cool down (get out of the sun)  Wet towels

Heat Exhaustion  Sweating  Muscle cramps  Weak  Cool down (get out of sun)  Wet towel back of neck, underarms  Fluids

Heat Stroke  Very Serious True emergency  Doesn’t sweat  Dry skin may be red  Hot to the touch  Cool down (get out of the sun)  Wet towels  Medical help

Allergic Reactions  Itchy  Watery eyes  Hives  Red skin  Swelling  Tightness in chest and throat  Breathing problems  Inhalers or epinephrine pens (epie pens)  Know who on the teams needs or uses these and that they know what to do or someone always there who does

Diabetic Emergency Diabetic Coma inadequate supply of insulin long onset probably won’t witness Insulin shock too much insulin in system  Comes on sudden  May pass out  Confused  headache  If conscious give OJ, water and sugar get sugar level up

Seizures  Epilepsy  Stares into space  Uncontrollable shaking  Person may know of onset  DO NOT hold down just protect patient

Choking  Unable to cough, speak or breathe  If they can pass air or cough leave them alone  If not lean forward give 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts  If goes unconscious call EMS then 30 chest compressions look for object remove if found followed by 2 rescue breaths if they don’t go in give 30 chest compressions

Heart Attack  Chest pain  Uncomfortable  Pressure in chest  Pain in arms, jaw  Last more than a few minutes  Sweating  Nausea  Shortness  Denial  EMS

CPR  Check for response  Open airway head tilt chin lift  Check for breathing 10 seconds  No breathing CALL 911  Start CPR 30 compressions 2 breathes rate of about 5 sets in 2 minutes

Rescue breathing  Tilt head chin lift  Check for breathing  2 rescue breathes  Check for pulse  Pulse good no breathing breathe for patient 1 breath every 3 seconds

Stroke  Sudden body weakness or numbness usually one side  Sudden facial drooping  Trouble speaking  Trouble with eyes  Sudden severe headaches  Dizziness, loss of balance F.A.S.T. recognition of stroke  Face ask them to smile  Arm weak numb and unable to raise them evenly  Speech slurred can’t make simple sentence  Time call 911 in any signs present. Drugs can help the stroke victim if early medical help