The Health Inspector Is Coming!! David W. Reimann Environmental Health Specialist Minnesota Department of Health Food, Pools and Lodging Services Section

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that each year roughly 1 in 6 Americans (or 48 million people) gets sick, 128,000 are hospitalized, and 3,000 die of foodborne diseases.

CDC: Top 5 Foodborne Illness Risk Factors 1. Food from unsafe sources 2. Improper hot/cold holding temperatures 3. Improper cooking temperatures 4. Dirty and/or contaminated utensils & equipment 5. Poor employee health & hygiene

1. Food From Unsafe Sources

 Do not purchase food if it has been temperature abused, is infested, or has been adulterated

1. Food From Unsafe Sources If in doubt, wash produce prior to being prepared, and served.

2. Cold Holding 41°F or colder In buffets/ salad bars: Check temp every 2 hrs 4 hrs in the Danger Zone means throw the food away!

2. Hot Holding 140°F or higher Preheat equipment to140°F Stir frequently Check temp every 2 hrs 4 hours in the Danger Zone mean throw the food away!

2. Cooling  When cooling hot foods for later use, they must be rapidly cooled. 140°F to 70°F within 2 hours; and 70°F to 41°F within 4 additional hours.

2. Cooling  PHF from ambient temp ingredients Cooled to 41°F or below within four hours

2. Cooling Cooling Method No No’s

2. Date Marking  R-T-E, PHF, held for more than 24 hours 7 days at 41°F or less Marked to indicate the day or date the food must be consumed, sold or discarded

2. Reheating  When reheating cold foods to hot hold for service throughout the day: Reheat to 165°F within 2 hours Reheat on stove or in oven Check with thermometer

Reheating for Immediate Service  Cooked & refrigerated food Prepared to a customer order can be serve at any temperature

3. Cooking  To ensure proper temperature: use an accurate probe thermometer to measure the center of the food.

3. Cooking Poultry, Wild game animals (live-caught & field-dressed), Stuffed: fish, meats, pasta, poultry, ratites, Stuffing containing fish, meat, poultry, ratites Fish, shellfish, shell eggs, meat Vegetables for hot holding, packaged foods like hot dogs 165°F 155°F 145°F Ratites, injected meats, raw eggs (pooled) ground meats and fish 140°F

3. Cooking  Microwave Cooking Rotate & stir during cooking Cover to retain moisture Heat to 165 o F in all parts of food Allow to stand for 2 minutes after cooking

4. Dirty or Contaminated Utensils and Equipment  Cross contamination from raw animal product to Ready-To-Eat foods during storage, preparation, or holding.

4. Dirty or Contaminated Utensils and Equipment  Unwashed hands

4. Dirty or Contaminated Utensils and Equipment  When utensils or equipment become dirty or contaminated, they can transfer that to the food.

4. Dirty or Contaminated Utensils and Equipment  May be contaminated if they come into contact with dirty mop water, garbage, pesticides, sewage, or anything else that could potentially cause illness.

4. Dirty or Contaminated Utensils and Equipment

5. Poor Employee Health and Hygiene

Food workers who are ill with vomiting or diarrhea must be excluded

5. Poor Employee Health and Hygiene  Food workers must be restricted from working with exposed food, clean equipment, utensils, linens, and single- service or single-use items who have: Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., or Escherichia coli O157:H7. Persistent sneezing, coughing, or a runny nose.

5. Poor Employee Health and Hygiene  Cuts, sores, or open wounds on the hands and arms must be properly bandaged, covered, and the food worker must wear gloves

Proper Glove Use Gloves are no substitute for handwashing!!! Wash hands first Change gloves often Don’t reuse or wash gloves

5. Poor Employee Health and Hygiene  Handwashing is the single most effective means of preventing the spread of bacteria and viruses, which can cause infections and foodborne illness.

When To Wash Hands: Before starting work After Handling raw food Smoking, eating, drinking Going to the restroom Handling garbage Coughing or sneezing Handling dirty dishes Glove changes

How to Wash Hands  Before washing hands, remove jewelry and wash hands in sinks designated for hand washing. Do not wash your hands in utensil, food preparation or service sinks.

Handwashing Steps √ Wet hands √ Apply soap and lather √ Rub hands together for 20 seconds √ Rinse thoroughly √ Dry hands with paper towel √ Turn off water with paper towel √ Use the paper towel to open restroom door

Handwashing Every step of handwashing is important! Scrubbing with soap = 1 log virus reduction Rinsing under strong velocity and volume of water = increased effect in physically removing virus Drying hands with paper towels = 1 log virus reduction

HAND SANITIZERS A hand sanitizer or hand sanitizing solution shall be used: (1) according to the rules adopted under Minnesota Statutes, section ; or (2) if consisting of or made up of a chemical formulation that is not generally recognized as safe under Code of Federal Regulations, title 21, parts 182 and 184, or that is not listed for use as a hand sanitizer under Code of Federal Regulations, title 21, section , only if: (a) followed by thorough hand rinsing in clean water or the use of gloves; or (b) used where there is no direct contact with food by the hands. Hand sanitizers are no substitute for hand washing!!!

Questions??