9186 LOOPED CROSS- ARM STRAP WITH SHOCK ABSORBER

ALWAYS INSPECT YOUR FALL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT!!!

Calculating Forces

Calculating Total Fall Distance Freefall = 6 feet maximum Deceleration Distance = 3.5 feet maximum Lifeline elongation = 2 feet maximum Total fall before stopping = 11.5 feet Portion of body landing below attachment point approximately 5 feet minimum Harness effect = 1 ft Total clearance below attachment point required to avoid contacting lower level may be as great as 18.5 feet or more!

When Utilizing Vertical Lifelines Anchorage Devices Connected to a structure capable of supporting 5,000 pounds Protected against damage from sharp edges Vertical Lifelines Shall never be wrapped around itself, or secured with knots Shall be long enough to reach the lowest level and protected against sharp edges Regular 5/8” rope is not a lifeline, use lifeline rope with a 5,000 lbs. Minimum breaking strength Rope Grabs Size and construction shall be compatible with lifeline Shall be positioned over head to minimize free fall distance (maximum of six feet) Shall be positioned in the proper direction – they only work in one direction Lanyards Shall have built-in shock absorber limiting force to 900 lbs. Should be limited to 3 feet in length Full-body Harness Properly adjusted to the individual

Sloped Roofing – Roofing Brackets & Slide Guards SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Steep Slope Roofs (Greater than 4 and 12) Sloped Roofing – Roofing Brackets & Slide Guards Trainer’s Notes:

Steep Slope Commercial Roofing Guardrails Scaffold Catch Platforms Fall Arrest System

Scaffold Catch Platform Scaffolding erected at the perimeter of the roof to limit a fall to less than six feet Addition fall protection may be required at the rake or gable end of the building Guardrails would be required to prevent an employee from rolling off of the scaffolding Scaffolding must be erected under a trained supervisor and inspected daily by a competent person.

Sloped Roof - Guardrail Systems Protection Before You Start SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Sloped Roof - Guardrail Systems Protection Before You Start Trainer’s Notes: Fascia Rail Platform Rail

Sloped Roof – Guardrail Systems SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Sloped Roof – Guardrail Systems Another version - Guardrail installed after roof edge is finished. Trainer’s Notes:

Standing Seam Roof Anchors Pictured above are standing seam roof anchors. There are now many types of anchors available for difficult applications. Should you come across a situation where you feel the fall protection provided will not work, or have difficulty locating a suitable anchor location, notify your foreman who should contact Management or the Safety Department immediately.

Requirements for PFAS (1926.502(d)) SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Requirements for PFAS (1926.502(d)) Maximum “Free Fall” distance- 6 feet. Interps allow larger fall distance as long as other criteria are met. Maximum force on your body when you come to a stop is 1800 pounds. Force depends on your weight, fall distance, and deceleration device (e.g., shock absorbing lanyard). The shorter the fall the better. Maximum deceleration distance is 3.5 feet. Stopping distance after your lanyard becomes tight & the shock absorber begins to stretch. (one reason why you can’t tie two lanyards together) No impacting of objects during fall Prompt rescue (10 min. max) Trainer’s Notes:

Making the PFAS Work for You SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Making the PFAS Work for You Think before you tie! Will you stop? What are you attached to? Making the connection Make sure the lock on your hook is working. Do not wrap around & hook back to lanyard. Do not shorten the lanyard with a knot. If possible, always hook up at ‘D’ ring height or higher. Do not hook lanyards together. Take out of service any PFAS component previously loaded by a fall Trainer’s Notes:

Making the PFAS Work for You SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Making the PFAS Work for You Other requirements? Clearance distance – will you hit anything? Typically minimum of 10 ft- 6 ft for free fall + 3.5 ft for deceleration and 0.5 ft for clearance. Swing fall hazard - will you be a pendulum? Are you anchored directly overhead? Extremely important for retractable lanyard due to ratcheting effect RESCUE! If PFAS is your protection, then your employer’s fall protection program must have a way to promptly get you down (typically 10 minutes max). Trainer’s Notes: Clearance Distance: If you are tied off at the height of your harness D-ring with a 6 foot lanyard which has a shock absorber built in and then you fall: 1) You will fall 6 feet before the lanyard becomes tight. 2) The shock absorber can pull out 3.5 feet. 3) The harness will stretch a foot or more. 4) At this point the original D-ring location is more than 10 feet below where it started. 5) Add the approximate 5 feet distance from the floor to the D-ring and the total is more than 14 feet (Dalloz-Miller, one of the manufacturers says 17 feet) for total clearance, that is, free suspension without your shoes touching anything. This distance can be greatly reduced by finding a higher anchorage (above your D-ring) or using a retractable lifeline (18” max. fall, no shock absorber).

Warning Lines Must be functional, not just visual. M SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Warning Lines Must be functional, not just visual. Minimum 500 pounds tensile strength. Stanchions resist 16 lbs. tipping force. Must be 34” to 39” above the roof surface. Safety monitor or PFAS if outside lines. Secured at each stanchion so line doesn’t pull through when contacted. Install line and stanchions according to the manufacturer. Adjust as necessary – lines may stretch as the day gets hotter. Trainer’s Notes: Stress the importance and function of a warning line and monitoring system.

Warning Lines M Fall Protection for Roofing SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Warning Lines Manual work: place line >6’ from edge. Trainer’s Notes: Use OSHA interpretation on use of mechanical equipment on roofs to help participants understand the loss of awareness of the fall hazard that occurs while turning or backing a machine at the end of its run toward the edge. Mechanical work: place line >6’ from edge parallel to equipment direction and >10’ from edge perpendicular to equipment direction.

Safety Monitor • Competent in recognizing fall hazards • Able to see, communicate orally with, and be on the same roof as, the employee monitored • Avoid responsibilities which could distract their attention • Must wear an orange vest • A safety monitor is a competent person who monitors the safety of employees working outside the warning lines • Can be used for edge Fall Protection when applying a hot asphalt roof, spraying acrylic, or foam applications. Hose attendant must serve as Safety Monitor for trigger man only! NOTE: Roofs smaller than fifty feet in their least dimension can use just a safety monitor. Trainer’s Notes: Everyone should be made to understand the importance of the relationship between the Monitor and the crew in order to make the system work.

What are OSHA’s requirements? The Safety Monitor shall be competent to recognize fall hazards The Safety Monitor shall warn the employees when it appears that the employee is unaware of a fall hazard or is acting in an unsafe manner The Safety Monitor shall be on the same working/walking surface and be within visual sighting distance of the employees being monitored The Safety Monitor shall be close enough to communicate orally with all the employees.

What are the fall hazards I should be warning employees about? Backing up to close to the edge Any unprotected roof opening Tangled extension cords Airborne debris Bees, Wasps, Hornets Water, ice, or other slippery conditions Any change in walking/working conditions

Low-Slope Roofs M Barrier tape is not an adequate warning line as it SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Low-Slope Roofs Barrier tape is not an adequate warning line as it provides no resistance to a person contacting it. Trainer’s Notes:

Low-Slope Roofs – Perimeter Guarding SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Low-Slope Roofs – Perimeter Guarding Trainer’s Notes: Low parapet walls do not provide fall protection but may provide a false sense of safety. Parapet Walls less than 39”

Low-Slope Roofs – Perimeter Guarding SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Low-Slope Roofs – Perimeter Guarding Trainer’s Notes: This and two following slides are just some of the systems on the market that can easily be used to quickly and easily install guard rails as protection. Extending the parapet wall

Low-Slope Roofs – Perimeter Guarding SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Low-Slope Roofs – Perimeter Guarding Trainer’s Notes: Guardrail for parapet walls

Low-Slope Roofs – Perimeter Guarding SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Low-Slope Roofs – Perimeter Guarding Trainer’s Notes: Wall-Mounted Guardrail Systems

SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Residential Construction- alternative procedures based on feasibility/greater hazard of using conventional fall protection May follow the alternative procedures in STD 03-00-001 (formerly 3-0.1A) provided the structure meets its definition of “residential construction”. “Residential construction” means same materials and methods as a typical single family home Includes ‘discrete parts” of commercial buildings, such as shingled entranceways Otherwise employer must demonstrate infeasibility or greater hazard to follow alternative procedures developed in a written alternative fall protection plan (502(k)) maintained on site Trainer’s Notes:

STD 03-00-001- Alternative procedures for residential roofing SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing STD 03-00-001- Alternative procedures for residential roofing Allowed only for areas where slope is < 8:12 and < 25 ft eave to ground height Specially trained workers only Inspect roof surface for slip hazards and eliminate such hazards or take other effective measures. Have workers wear appropriate footwear. Suspend work when hazardous conditions exist due to adverse weather Holes/openings effectively guarded or covered Ladders/scaffolds meet Subparts X and L. No ascending/descending roof within 6 ft of the rake edge Locate supplies/materials more than 6 ft from rake edge or 3 ft for tile roof installations No impalement hazards below the eaves/rakes Trainer’s Notes: Relate eave height and roof pitch to perceived risk of fall and possible causes.

STD 03-00-001- Alternative procedures for residential roofing SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing STD 03-00-001- Alternative procedures for residential roofing Low slope roofs (< 4:12) safety monitor or slide guards >4:12 and < 8:12 (not tile or metal roof) slide guards tile or metal roof < 8:12 safety monitor or slide guards Trainer’s Notes:

STD 03-00-001- Alternative procedures for residential roofing SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing STD 03-00-001- Alternative procedures for residential roofing Slide guard requirements 2”x6” nominal stock minimum (90 degrees) No more than 3 rows of roofing material installed before installing slide guard Installed continuously along eave For >6:12, install additional slide guards at intervals of 8 ft maximum Remove guards on way down the slope Trainer’s Notes: Begin discussing sloped roofing with some questions: Why do we so seldom see fall protection utilized during installation of and (especially) replacement sloped roofing, particularly on homes? Discuss OSHA acknowledgement that, in certain respects, residential work is different than industrial/commercial.

Q & A M Fall Protection for Roofing SUBPART M Fall Protection for Roofing Q & A What are the fall protection requirements when installing fall protection systems, including guardrails? Can a roofing contractor use warning lines to demarcate a roof opening, specifically a skylight or series of skylights? Isn’t the goal to prevent employees from going within 6 ft of the skylight? What is the minimum height of a warning line? What do I have to consider before tying myself off, or allowing an employee to tie off?