ANCILLARY PACKAGING MATERIALS S.K.SARAVANA Post Graduation - Packaging Technology Diploma – Supply Chain Management Six Sigma Green Belt Bsc. (Chemistry)

WHAT ARE ANCILLARY PACKAGING MATERIALS? Secondary packaging material Add value to primary package Improve performance Absence or inadequacy, impairs the performance of primary package S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

ANCILLARY PACKAGING MATERIALS S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com HOW DO THEY ADD VALUE? Prevent contamination Enhance visibility Bind packaging materials Improve strength Prevent product damage Hold system together S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com CAPS AND CLOSURES S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com CAPS AND CLOSURES MAJOR CLOSURE SYSTEMS: Lids Aerosol valves Threaded closures Crowns Lug caps S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

FUNCTION OF CLOSURE SYSTEM Product protection spoilage & contamination in storage & transportation Preservation of product over stipulated time A) Providing barrier to moisture, air, gases, vapors of volatile liquids B) Holding vacuum and pressure C) Preserve organoleptic properties Protection against pilferage, tampering & adulteration Provide ease of opening & resealing Provide convenience in dispensing S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com THE CLOSURE SHOULD… Not hinder dispensing Neither affect nor get affected by product Not release any toxic ingredients into the product Withstand processing, sterilizing, pasteurizing, autoclaving etc. i.e., steps that may be involved in its life-cycle. S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

FACTORS FOR SELECTION OF CLOSURES Product characteristics Dispensing mechanism Compatibility Dimensional stability Environmental stress cracking resistance Heat resistance Thread matching tolerances Cost S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

RAW MATERIALS FOR CLOSURES… PLASTICS PP LDPE HDPE S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

RAW MATERIALS FOR CLOSURES… GLASS S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

RAW MATERIALS FOR CLOSURES… METALS S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com INKS S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com INKS Inks are colored liquids or pastes, formulated to transfer and reproduce an image from a printing surface Components of Inks: Pigments/dyes, vehicle, solvent & additives Convey a message Give a decorative effect to the substrate Inks are used on a wide range of papers, boards, plastic, glass and textiles surface S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com FORMS OF INKS SOLUTION PASTE POWDER S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com TYPES OF INKS Printing Inks Rotogravure Inks Flexographic Inks Offset Inks Screen Inks Specialty Inks Marking Inks Night Glow Inks Textile Inks UV Inks Fluorescent Inks Surface Coatings S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com SELECTION OF INK Types of printing process Type of substrate Application Finish Drying process S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com ADHESIVES S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com ADHESIVES Adhesive/glue is a mixture in a liquid, semi-liquid, solid state that adheres or bonds items together Adhesives come from either natural or synthetic sources Used to bind similar and dissimilar materials S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

CLASSIFICATION OF ADHESIVES ON BASIS OF SOURCE: Natural: Starch, dextrines, animal and plant proteins, natural rubber, shellac Semi-synthetic: Cellulose nitrate, polyamide derivatives Synthetic: Neoprene and PVA adhesives. S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

CLASSIFICATION OF ADHESIVES Waterborne Adhesives Solvent–borne Adhesives Hot–melt Adhesives S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

WATER-BORNE ADHESIVES Largest volume class of adhesive used in packaging General advantages of ease and safety of handling, energy efficiency, low cost and high strength Common waterborne adhesives: Starch adhesive S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

SOLVENT–BORNE ADHESIVES Adhesives in which volatile organic compounds are the major solvent or dispersant Solvents: Heptane, toluene, n-butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, naphtha, mineral spirits and methylene chloride Factors of cost, safety, productivity and above all, compliance with clean-air law have led to decline in use of these adhesives Commonly used adhesive: Polyurethane adhesives S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com HOT–MELT ADHESIVES Hot melts - 100% solids adhesive Based on thermoplastic polymers that are applied when heated in the molten state and set to form a bond on cooling and solidification Fastest growing important class of adhesives in packaging S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com HOT–MELT ADHESIVES Co-polymer of Ethylene and Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Excellent balance of molten stability, adhesion and toughness over a broad temperature range and compatibility Advantage: Rapid rate of bond formation, which can translate into high production rates on a packaging line. S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

FEATURES OF A GOOD ADHESIVE The adhesive must retain tack after solvents are removed to wet the secondary substrate The adhesive must be flexible and retain elasticity even after it has cured It should not become hard and brittle The cured adhesive must possess the required level of thermal and chemical resistance The cured adhesive must also be transparent and colorless S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com ADHESIVE TAPES S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com ADHESIVE TAPES Combination of an adhesive and a backing material Available in rolls of fixed length and width Classification of basis of backing material: Fabric tapes, paper tapes, film tapes, non-woven fabric tapes, foil tapes, foam tapes, reinforced tapes, two faced tapes Classification of basis of application: Packaging tapes, hospital and first-aid tapes, graphic art tapes, electrical tapes, automobile industry tapes etc. S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

ADHESIVES USED IN TAPES Rubber based adhesives: Advantages: Relatively cheap, high tack and adhesion, easy to formulate Disadvantages: Softens and flows at high temperature Acrylic based adhesives: Advantages: Excellent adhesion and stable at relatively high temperatures Disadvantages: Costlier Silicon based adhesives: Advantages: Good tack, withstand temperatures beyond 155oC Disadvantages: Very Costly S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com REINFORCEMENTS S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com REINFORCEMENTS Reinforcement: Enhance strength of packaging Better ability to withstand rough handling conditions Classification: Metallic: Round wires and steel straps Non-metallic: Polyester, Nylon, polypropylene, rayon. S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com FUNCTION OF STRAPS Secure a handling base (skids, platforms, pallets, runners, spacers, etc.) to a unit Strap may be used for local securement or within the transport vehicle Straps also provide security against accidental loss or theft of the contents Different packages can be color coded with strapping for easy identification in warehouses. S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com PROPERTIES OF STRAPS Strength Working range Retained tension Elongation recovery Surface slipperiness Abrasion resistance Split resistance Joint/weld strength S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com FOR BEST RESULTS Use correct quality of straps and seals Use proper size of straps and seals Locate the strap on package correctly Use edge protection material as required Use proper tools and equipments Provide proper tension levels S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com CUSHIONING MATERIALS S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com CUSHIONING MATERIALS Protects the article from damage due to shock and vibration During transport, package is subjected to vibration, movement and jolts Cushioning material prevents product damage, abrasion of surfaces, friction over sharp projection Cushioning materials: Foams, paper shreds, cotton waste, sand etc. S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

FUNCTIONS OF CUSHIONING MATERIALS Shock protection Protection of high-finished surface Protection of small projection on articles Filling of void space S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com CLIPS S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com CLIPS Used to retain tension Used for reinforcement Types: Metal and plastic S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com LABELS S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com FUNCTIONS OF LABELS To identify the product Provide ingredients Purpose/use of the products Providing aesthetic appeal Child safety Other information like maximum retail price (MRP), Batch No, Shelf-life/Best-before date etc. S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com TYPES OF LABELS Adhesive labels Shrink/stretch sleeve labels In-mould labels S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

RAW MATERIALS OF LABELS Metals BOPP OPP PP PE PVC S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com THANK YOU S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com