Psychology
Sigmund Freud
Iceberg
Eros (Life Drives) Thanatos (Death Drives) Need for food, water, sex Violence, death and aggression
ID Inborn Biological drives Pleasure Seeker
Ego Referee
Superego Develops Later Considers Societies Rules Ego Ideal: What to strive for Conscious: Limits behaviour
Oral stage: (1) - Up to 1yr old - Mouth provides pleasure - Sucking, biting, chewing, - cooing, etc - Dependent on parent - Weaning leads to conflict
Oral fixation Passive, dependant, demanding Personalities Smoking, chewing pencils, sucking thumb, overuse of telephone, etc
Anal Stage (2): - 1-3yrs old - Pleasure from holding onto faeces and going to the toilet - Toilet training causes conflict
Tight-fisted, stubborn, punctual, overcontrolling, obsessively neat,, tidy, organised = anally retentive [overly strict potty training] Rebellious, messy, disorganised, shares too much = anally expulsive [liberal potty training]
Phallic stage (3): - 4-6yrs old - Pleasure comes from genitals - Public masturbation causes conflict
Oedipus complex Little boys attracted to mum and see dad as a rival. Develops ‘castration anxiety’ Represses feeling for mum and instead ‘identifies’ with (copies) dad * Electra complex Little girls notice dad has a penis. Develops ‘penis envy’ Represses feelings for dad and instead identifies with mum
Phallic fixation Self centred, vain, arrogant, constant need for attention, reckless, exhibitionist, selfassured
Latency stage: yrs old - Calm before storm - Sexual urges dormant until puberty Genital Stage (4): - Puberty - Beginnings of adult sexuality and urges
Strengths Made the case study method poular Highlighted the importance of childhood Unscientific Rejects free will