Chapter 9 Stoichiometry.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Ch. 9 Stoichiometry Stoichiometry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the mass relationships of elements in compounds and the mass relationships between.
Advertisements

Prentice-Hall © 2002 General Chemistry: Chapter 4 Slide 1 of 29 Philip Dutton University of Windsor, Canada Prentice-Hall © 2002 Chapter 4: Chemical Reactions.
STOICHIOMETRY.
Chapter 3 Atomic masses Average atomic mass –Ex. What is the avg. atomic mass of a sample that is 69.09% amu and 30.91% amu? –0.6909(62.93amu)
Chapter 9 Combining Reactions and Mole Calculations.
Chapter 4 Chemical Reactions.
Stoichiometry Chapter 5. Stoichiometry Quantitative relationships between reactants and products The balanced chemical equation gives us the relationships.
Chemistry 101 Chapter 9 Chemical Quantities.
Chapter 9 Combining Reactions and Mole Calculations.
Stoichiometry Introduction.
Section 9.1 Using Chemical Equations 1.To understand the information given in a balanced equation 2.To use a balanced equation to determine relationships.
Chapter 9 Chemical Quantities Chemistry B2A Formula and Molecule Ionic & covalent compounds  Formulaformula of NaCl Covalent compounds  Molecule molecule.
Chapter 9 – Review Stoichiometry
Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions Chapter 3 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Ch. 9: Calculations from Chemical Equations
Chapter 9 – STOICHIOMETRY
Stoichiometry: the mass relationships between reactants and products. We will use the molar masses ( amount of grams in one mole of a element or compound)
Stoichiometry Needs a balanced equation Use the balanced equation to predict ending and / or starting amounts Coefficients are now mole ratios.
Chapter 12 Stoichiometry.
Chapter 12: Stoichiometry
Chemistry II Chemical Reactions Principles and Modern Applications
Calculations with Limiting Reagents Limiting reactant – reactant (reagent) that is used up first and thus limits how much product can be made The other.
Chapter 12 Review “Stoichiometry”
STOICHIOMETRY Chapter 9: Pages
Chapter 13 Solutions. Solution Concentrations 3 Solution Concentration Descriptions dilute solutions have low solute concentrations concentrated solutions.
Stoichiometric Calculations Stoichiometry – Ch. 9.
Stoichiometry Stoichiometry CDO High School. Stoichiometry Consider the chemical equation: 4NH 3 + 5O 2  6H 2 O + 4NO There are several numbers involved.
FORMULAS, EQUATIONS AND MOLES Mole Calculation Chapter 3.
CHM 108 SUROVIEC FALL 2014 Chemical Quantities. I. Reaction Stoichiometry Given the recipe for 16 pancakes:  2 cups flour  2 teaspoons baking powder.
Stoichiometry Chapter 12. Stoichiometry STOY-KEE-AHM-EH-TREE – Founded by Jeremias Richter, a German chemist – Greek orgin stoikheion – element & metron.
Stoichiometry. What Is It? Branch of chemistry that shows the relationships among reactants and products in a chemical reaction Equations must be balanced.
Chapter 9 – STOICHIOMETRY The MATH of a CHEMICAL REACTION.
Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations.
Stoichiometry Chemical Quantities Chapter 9. What is stoichiometry? stoichiometry- method of determining the amounts of reactants needed to create a certain.
Chapter 12: Stoichiometry 12.1 The Arithmetic of Equations.
Chapter 9 Stoichiometry. 9.1 Intro. To Stoichiometry What is Stoichiometry? – The study of the quantitative relationships that exist in chemical formulas.
Chapter 12 Stoichiometry. Composition Stoichiometry – mass relationships of elements in compounds Reaction Stoichiometry – mass relationships between.
Preview Multiple Choice Short Answer Extended Response
Stoichiometry Section 1 – Introduction to Stoichiometry, and Quantitative Relationships of Chemical Formulas Section 2 – Mathematics of Chemical Equations.
Chapter 12 - Stoichiometry “SUPER DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS”
Ch. 12 Stoichiometry 12.1 The Arithmetic of Equations.
Chapter Four Reactions in Aqueous Solutions. Chapter Four / Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Solutions and concentrations Solution is a homogenous mixture.
Honors Chemistry Ch. 9 Stoichiometry. Mole? 6.02 x of whatever is being counted 1 mole of pencils = ? 6.02 x pencils ½ mole of markers? 3.01.
Stoichiometry. What is stoichiometry? Involves the mass relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction ▫Based on the law of conservation.
Chapter 9 Rev Chemical Change Changes the chemical composition of a compound Burns Odors Color Change Release or Absorbs Energy.
Stoichiometry Notes. Stoichiometry branch of chemistry that deals with the mass relationships of elements in compounds and the mass relationships between.
Chapter 9 © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 8E perform stoichiometric calculations, including determination of mass relationships between.
Stoichiometry Chemistry – Chapter 12.
Stoichiometry.
Stoichiometry Chemistry – Chapter 12.
Chapter 9: Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry Chapter 3
Chapter 9 STOICHIOMETRY
Chemical Sentences: Equations
Starter 1/4 Identify the type of reaction and then write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction described below “aluminum oxide is heated”
Stoichiometry Quiz Please take a card from the front
Section 9.1 Introduction to Stoichiometry
CHAPTER 9 STOICHIOMETRY
Chemistry 100 Chapter 6 Chemical Composition.
Stoichiometry Vocab Theoretical Yield: the calculated amount of product yielded by a reaction (found through stoichiometry) Actual Yield: the actual amount.
Ch. 9 Stoichiometry Stoichiometry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the mass relationships of elements in compounds and the mass relationships between.
Stoichiometry Definition
Chapter 9.1 stoichiometry –
Stoichiometry Definition
Preview Lesson Starter Objective Stoichiometry Definition
Ch 9 Stoichiometry How does this apply to everyday life?
9.1/9.2 Stoichiometric Calculations
Chapter 9- Stoichiometry:
Molarity Calculate the concentration of a solute in terms of grams per liter, molarity, and percent composition.
Stoichiometry Chapter 11.
Presentation transcript:

Chapter 9 Stoichiometry

CHEMICAL BONDING Stoichiometry Introduction to Stoichiometry Applications of Stoichiometry Reaction-Stoichiometry Ideal Stoichiometric Calculations Mole-Mole Calculations Mole-Mass Calculations Mass-Mole Calculations Mass-Mass Calculations Limiting Reactants and Percent Yield Limiting Reactants Percent Yield

CHEMICAL BONDING Stoichiometry Introduction to Stoichiometry Applications of Stoichiometry Reaction-Stoichiometry Ideal Stoichiometric Calculations Mole-Mole Calculations Mole-Mass Calculations Mass-Mole Calculations Mass-Mass Calculations Limiting Reactants and Percent Yield Limiting Reactants Percent Yield

CHEMICAL BONDING Stoichiometry The branch of chemistry that deals with the mass relationships of elements in compounds and the mass relationships between reactants and products in a reaction is called Stoichiometry. Reaction Stoichiometry involves the mass relationships among reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Composition Stoichiometry involves the mass relationships of elements in compounds. N2O5

Applications of Stoichiometry CHEMICAL BONDING Applications of Stoichiometry Chemical Industry Pharmacology Pharmacy

Reaction Stoichiometry Problems CHEMICAL BONDING Reactants Products P4 (s) + 6 Cl2 (g) 4 PCl3 (s) 1 molecule 6 molecules 4 molecules 1 mole 6.00 moles 4.00 moles 124 g 425 g 549 g (= 124 g + 425g)

CHEMICAL BONDING Stoichiometry Introduction to Stoichiometry Applications of Stoichiometry Reaction-Stoichiometry Ideal Stoichiometric Calculations Mole-Mole Calculations Mole-Mass Calculations Mass-Mole Calculations Mass-Mass Calculations Limiting Reactants and Percent Yield Limiting Reactants Percent Yield

CHEMICAL BONDING Mole-Mass Problems A B Moles A Moles B Mass B (grams)

Mass-Mole Problems CHEMICAL BONDING A B Mass A (grams) Moles A Moles B

CHEMICAL BONDING Mass-Mass Problems A B Mass A (grams) Moles A Moles B Mass B (grams)

Molar mass is the mass, in grams, of one mole of substance CHEMICAL BONDING Molar mass is the mass, in grams, of one mole of substance 2 Al2O3 (l) 4 Al (s) + 3O2 (g) 102 g Al2O3 1 mol Al2O3 27.0 g Al 1 mol Al 1 mole Al 1 mol O2 32.0 g O2 OR

substances involved in a chemical reaction CHEMICAL BONDING Mole Ratio Mole ratio is a conversion factor that relates the number of moles of any two substances involved in a chemical reaction 2 mol Al2O3 4 mol Al OR 2 Al2O3 (l) 4 Al (s) + 3O2 (g) 3 mol O2

Reaction Stoichiometry Problems CHEMICAL BONDING Reaction Stoichiometry Problems Mass A (grams) Moles A Moles B Mole Ratio X x 1 molar mass of A Moles B Mass B (grams) molar mass of B x

Mole-Mole Problems CHEMICAL BONDING A B Moles A Moles B

CHEMICAL BONDING Stoichiometry Introduction to Stoichiometry Applications of Stoichiometry Reaction-Stoichiometry Ideal Stoichiometric Calculations Mole-Mole Calculations Mole-Mass Calculations Mass-Mole Calculations Mass-Mass Calculations Limiting Reactants and Percent Yield Limiting Reactants Percent Yield

Limiting Reactants 3 Groups of Reactants 3 hamburger patties 6 hamburger buns 3 hamburger patties 12 slices of cheese

Limiting Reactants Extra Reagents Products 3 hamburger buns 6 slices of cheese

CHEMICAL BONDING Percent Yield Actual Yield Percent Yield = X 100 Theoretical Yield: is the maxi- mum amount that can be produced from a given amount of reactants. Actual Yield: is the measured amount of a product obtained from a reaction. Percent Yield = X 100 Actual Yield Theoretical Yield

SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY

Solution Concentration 6 M HCl 12 M H2SO4 3 M HNO3 1 M NaOH What is M means ???????

Molarity is a way to represent the concentration of solutions Moles of Solute Volume of Solution Molarity = M = moles / Liter

Concentration of Ions Ionic compounds break into ions in the aqueous solution NaCl Na+ Cl- 6 M 6 M 6 M K2CO3 2 K+ CO32- 6 M 2 x 6 M 6 M Al2(SO4)3 2 Al3+ 3 SO42- 6 M 2 x 6 M 3 x 6 M

Extensive use in Laboratory Molarity by Dilution Extensive use in Laboratory We have 12M HCl solution, we need to make 500 mL of 3 M HCl solution. How do we make it????? M1 . V1 = M2 . V2 12M . V1 = 3 M . 500 mL V1 = 125 mL