CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE EARTH SCIENCES - Metamorphic Petrology and Tectonics CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE EARTH SCIENCES - Metamorphic Petrology and Tectonics M.L. Crawford, D. Mirante – Bryn Mawr College

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Project Goals To ask meaningful questions – and do ‘new science’ To retrieve and analyze data from disparate sources in order to address those questions. To produce a controlled vocabulary that can be applied to metamorphic and tectonic processes to assist in the goals above. To develop the infrastructure to serve the data analysis needs of scientists, educators, students, and the general public.

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Access - To develop databases as few data are currently available in digital format. Visualize - To identify and adapt smart tools for data analysis and presentation and make them widely available. Issues for metamorphic petrology

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Analyze - To develop access to computational resources for analysis Model - To encourage interactions through GEON to assist in development of tectonic models using petrological as well as other data. Issues for metamorphic petrology

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Current Bryn Mawr research activities DEVELOP ONTOLOGIES HELP DESIGN DATABASE SCHEMAS FOR METAMORPHIC ROCKS COMPILE DIGITAL GEOLOGIC MAPS OF METAMORPHIC AND TECTONIC FEATURES - MidAtlantic MAKE THESE PRODUCTS AVAILABLE OVER THE WEB

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Metamorphic Processes Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphic Grade

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Overview concept map for determining equilibrium via metamorphic petrology

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Types of data Areal distribution of data on maps. Minerals present Mineral and rock chemistry Rock textures and fabrics Mineral ages Experimental data Tectonic setting

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Tools - distribution of data on maps. GIS mapping - using CARIS

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES ACCOMPLISHED Digitized detailed geological map - Northern mid- Atlantic

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Nested in this map are compilations of detailed information from the literature on petrology, structure and geochronology

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Zoom in on area of interest - showing sample sites

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Show on the map all the locations with kyanite and staurolite

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Tools Graphical representations of phase equilibria - in this example related to the map just shown.

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES T and P of point indicated Identify all the areas on the phase diagram (outlined by mineral equilibrium curves) that contain both kyanite and staurolite. Obtain PT data from the diagram. P T

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Tools Programs for calculating and displaying phase equilibria - obtain and serve programs developed elsewhere.

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES AX - (Holland) Bayes - (Chatterjee, Krüger, Haller, Olbricht ) CSpace - (Djinn Works) EQMIN - (Martin) Ge0-Calc - (Brown, Berman, Perkins) GIBBS - (Spear) GTB - (Kohn and Spear) Perplex - (Connolly) THERIAK-DOMINO - (de Capitani). WEBINVEQ - (Gordon) Programs - identified thus far

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Types of data Areal distribution of data on maps. Minerals present Mineral and rock chemistry Rock textures and fabrics Mineral ages Experimental data Tectonic setting

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Database on rock melting experiments 17 Tables –Bibliographic –Experimental Data Experimental conditions Starting material Mineral/glass chemical data (Plg, Grt, etc.)

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Experimental conditions Pressure, Temperature, f O2 H 2 O content Duration Apparatus Type of experiment Nature of starting material Bibliograhic Tables Person - data about author Institution - data about author locale Reference - data about the article Starting Material Oxide data Brief geological term Literature abbreviation or name Experimental data All phases described as end- products of an experiment. Modal abundance. Major oxide data. CIPW norms of glasses - Query result: all glass compositions coexisting with garnet

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Query result - all glass compositions coexisting with garnet - plotted on a standard petrological triangular diagram

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Query result - all glass compositions coexisting with garnet - plotted on a standard petrological triangular diagram Next - link garnet chemistry to each point on this diagram

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Issues that need to be addressed Sample ID issues - need a unique ID –one sample may have many numbers or names in different publications –different researchers may use the same sample number –mentioned as a GEON priority –PETDB is also working on this issue

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Near term Goals Continue to develop a GIS-like system to relate tabular and spatial data beyond maps. This can give textural context to published (and other) data, from the mineral and thin section scale to outcrop and regional scale.

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Near term Goals Develop a GIS-like system to relate tabular and spatial data beyond maps. maps integrated with chemical analyses, ages, etc. hand sample images integrated with SEM images, analyses, x-ray maps, etc. as well as with the geological maps.

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Who is our audience? –Undergraduate students –Graduate students –Researchers –General geologists

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Future Plans Work closely with the ISES Working group on developing and deploying a Database for Metamorphic Petrology.

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Future Plans Work closely with the ISES Working group on developing and deploying a Database for Metamorphic Petrology. Allow access to GEON ontology development and encourage the community to provide input and suggestions for improvements.

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Future Plans Develop a Geo-Informatics oriented curriculum at Bryn Mawr College in collaboration with the computer science department.

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Where is this leading? Integrate metamorphic data with data from igneous rocks and with sedimentological and paleontological information to develop a refined regional model for tectonic activity in the mid-Atlantic since about 1 Bya

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Where is this leading? Integrate metamorphic data with data from igneous rocks and with sedimentological and paleontological information to develop a refined regional model for tectonic activity in the mid-Atlantic since about 1 Bya Encourage colleagues and students to take advantages of the GEON resources for their research and teaching.

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES AX: (Holland). Calculation of activities in mineral end- members from chemical analyses Bayes: (Chatterjee, Krüger, Haller, Olbricht ). an interactive program for computing, viewing, and plotting P-T, T-XCO2, P-XCO2, and T-fO2 phase diagrams CSPACE: (Djinn Works) program for the graphical and algebraic analysis of compositional data. EQMIN: (Martin). Excel spreadsheet to perform thermodynamic calculations. Program details

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Program details - continued Ge0-Calc: (Brown, Berman, Perkins). Calculation and display of pressure-temperature-composition phase diagrams. GIBBS: (Spear). Macintosh thermodynamic database for metamorphic phase equilibria GPT: (Reche and Martinez). an Excel Spreadsheet for thermobarometric calculations in metapelitic rocks. GTB: (Kohn and Spear). Macintosh Geo-ThermoBarometry program.

CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GEOSCIENCES Program details - continued MELTS: (Ghiorso). Mineral, silicate liquid, and water solution properties; Perplex: (Connolly) Fortran programs for petrological phase diagrams, phase equilibria, and thermodynamic data. THERIAK-DOMINO: (de Capitani). Calculation of equilibrium assemblages, thermodynamic properties, and various types of phase diagram. Uses the TWQ data base. WEBINVEQ: (Gordon). Online version of TWQ 1.02.