Codes, Computers & Instant Communication Amazing possibilities in science, engineering, and technology Developed for CWSE-ON © Melanie Veltman 2011

Science, Engineering and Technology revolutionize the world we live in Image source: agevolazioni-ridotte-2011/17736/ Image Source: Image Source: content/uploads/cellphones.jpg Image Source:

What do scientists, engineers, and technologists do?

Build DesignTest

Image Source: /health/adam/19237.jpg Build DesignTest

Image Source: Image Source: /projects/katarzyna/bioinformatics.jpg Image courtesy Bethany Deyell Image Source: ence-ebooks.jpg

Scientists, Engineers, and Technologists Image Source: orized/2007/07/27/frink.gif Image Source:northernbeaches webdesigns.com.au Image Source: Image Source: Source:

Many of us use computer science, engineering, and technology every day Every day things?

Codes, Computers & Instant Communication

Number Systems are Codes Decimal System Base choices: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Image Source:

Representing a Number with Base 10 – The Decimal System tens of thousands hundredstensones Remember- this number is a sum: 5 ten thousands + 2 thousands + 7 hundreds + 0 tens + 8 ones (5 x ) + (2 x 1000) + (7 x 100) + (0 x 10) + (8 x 1) =

Two Choice Number System What if we only had two choices? OFF or ON Image: Image: Image:

sixteenseightsfourstwosones This number is a sum: ( 1 sixteen + 0 eights + 1 four + 1 two + 0 ones) = 22 sixteenseightsfourstwosones Base 2 – the Binary System

sixteenseightsfourstwosones This number is a sum: ( 1 sixteen + 0 eights + 1 four + 1 two + 0 ones) = 22 sixteenseightsfourstwosones Base 2 – the Binary System

What about Text?

hi melanie! hi melanie! = a Standard based on 8 bits (a byte) Allows 256 unique codes, from ASCII Code for Text

Representing Pictures in Binary Picture Elements arePIXELS

9 x 9 pixels How could we code this in binary ?

So many pixels! Standard Photo: 1600 x 1200 = pixels ! MEGA Pixels ! We need to store image information in a more efficient code Image Source:

E ABCDEFG D AA F 1 0 E 0 E E 0 F 1 0 D 0 F 1 1 A D G A A G Ziv Lempel coding D

Binary code: 81 bits Ziv-Lempel code: 45 bits Close to 50% savings!

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P Q R A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P Q R Chunk Size: 4

Write the most efficient CODE Rows OR columns Any chunk size EFFICIENCY = fewest number of characters A B C D E F G H J Row 1: Row 2: 1 A E A 1 0 Row 3: Row 4: … A E A 1 1 0

How do they work?

Might Science, Engineering, or Technology be for you? Image Source; SCIENCE If you don’t make mistakes, you’re doing it wrong.

If you … are creative Image Source:

… like problem solving Image Source:

… care about the future of our planet Image Source:

Admission Requirements College (Technology)  Applied OR Academic Level Science & Math Level Science & Math University (Science, Engineering)  Academic Level Science, Math, English Science, Math, English

NUMERACY is as important as LITERACY! Greater effort = greater results!

Thank you! What will you do with your future?