General Rules of Jurisprudence Lesson 2 قاعدة لا تعاد Rule of :Repetition not required The rule The resource Exemptions Few implementations

Rule of :Repetition not required Who ever misses a part or a condition of the salaat, does not require to repeat it, unless if that missed part or the condition was one of the following five: 1.Rokoo – bowing 2.Sujood- Prostration 3.Taharah Hadath- Metaphysical Purification 4.The direction of holy Kaba 5.The time

The resource The authentic hadeeth of Zorarah who heard Imam Mohammad Al Baqir (AS) say: Repetition is not required in Salaat (on lack of condition or a part) unless if a deficiency was in one of the five : Purification (TAHARAH), time (WAQT), direction towards Kaba (QIBLAH), bowing (RUKOO) and prostration (SUJOOD), then he said: The recitation (QIRA- A), testimonies (TASHAHOD) and greatening God (TAKBEER), are SUNNAT (obligations designated by the Prophet (S)) and the SUNNAT does not invalidate the FAREDHAH (obligatory act) ، عن زرارة ، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال : لا تعاد الصلاة إلا من خمسة : الطهور ، والوقت ، والقبلة ، والركوع ، والسجود ثم قال : القراءة سنة ، والتشهد سنة ، والتكبير ، سنة ، ولا تنقض السنة الفريضة Wasael Alshia vol. 4, This hadeeth is correct and authentic.

Explanation of the hadeeth: The salaat is obligatory, and the parts which were considered obligatory by the Prophet (S) does not invalidate the whole obligatory compound. The pillar (ROKN) of the obligatory compound here or the salaat are 5 things, which if any of it is missed the salaat becomes invalid. If a deficiency happens in other than those five things, then it can be corrected without considering the Salaat invalid, or does not require to be repeated (NO REPEAT- LA TOAAD). Note: every rule has few exceptions

Exemptions: 1.This rule does not include the intentional person: A person who purposely does not perform an obligatory part of salaat, will lead to contradiction, because what makes salaat is its obligatory components, such as conditions, pillars and other obligatory parts. So if we exempt a person from such parts without an excuse, that means such parts are not obligatory, but if they are proven to be obligatory then they need to be performed intentionally. So if such parts are not performed intentionally, then there is no valid salaat. That means the rule is for those who missed the parts other than those 5 unintentionally or with an acceptable excuse.

2-This rule includes forgotten parts A person who forgets to perform the obligatory parts and conditions of the Salaat other than those 5, does not need to repeat the Salaat. Because the forgetting person does not forget intentionally. He is there to offer his Salaat as he has been commanded. So he is given the benefit of the doubt.

3- This rule does include the ignorant There are two types of ignorant: 1.Unaware or incapable Ignorant (QASER): A person does not have any doubt of error, or if he has a doubt but he has no way to confirm or verify. 2.Careless Ignorant or with negligence (MOQASSIR): A person who doubts but does not inquire, and he has the resources of inquiry available for him. Alkhoei said there is a difference, the rule does not include the careless, because careless is like the one is short intentionally, and it includes the unaware. (based on logic) Alerawani: There is no difference between them, so both of them if they new that they have missed one of these five, then they have to repeat. and if they did not know that they have missed one of these five, then it is obvious that they do not have to repeat until they get the knowledge of deficiency in salaat from one of those 5 parts. Regarding other than these five, if missed they do not have to repeat the Salaat, but they might need to repair the defect only.

4- After the completion of during the act The rule includes both cases, whether the knowledge of defect happens during the salaat, or after the completion of the salaat. 5- Does it include the defect of increasing a part in Salaat or just lack of a part or a condition of Salaat? Such issue can only be observed in the Rokoo and Sojood, and cannot be perceived in the other three. Yes the rule includes the unintentional increase of Rokoo or Sojood in Salaat, and other than these parts if there is an unintentional increase, then the salaat needs to be repaired and not repeated.

What about other pillars of SALAAT: There are 5 pillars of Salaat, and only two are mentioned, does that mean that if an unintentional defect happens in other pillar parts of Salaat, salaat is not repeated base on this rule? Because without intention (NIYAT) it is not considered salaat, because it is the core of Salaat. The Entering TAKBEER: without it a person cannot enter the Salaat, so it is obvious that without the intention and the TAKBEER there is no Salaat from the beginning, so the issue of repeat and not to repeat is out of question. The standing before Rokoo or prostration: is part of it, because if it is missed then the Rokoo is missed too.

What type of impurity is not allowed? There are two types of impurities: 1.The Physical which is called KHABATH, which are 10, such as stool, urine, blood, … 2.The Metaphysical which is called HADATH: and these are two, greater such as touching the dead body, and other is minor which invalidates the WODHO or ablution, such as urinating, sleeping,…. There are other evidences which excluded the physical impurities from this rule, so if there is a Physical impurity on the boy or cloth of the praying person and he is ignorant about it existence, but afterwards he realizes, then he does not need to repeat because of the impurity was physical. But the rule includes the metaphysical impurity, such as salaat without the WODHO, requires repetition, no matter what the reasons were, because this type of impurity is one of those 5, which if happens a person need to repeat his Salaat.

Implementations: Should a person repeat his prayers based on this rule of no repetition is required or not? 1.A person offers his salaat and his shirt has blood. (NO) 2.A person did his WODHO and brook a wind, and offered his prayer, after finishing his prayer he realized that he had done it. (YES) 3.A person remembered in his second that he missed the rokoo of the first Rakaat. (YES) 4.A person remembered at the end of his Salaat that he forgot to recite the Sura in the first Rakaat. (NO) 5.What if he remembered (number 4) in the second RAKAAT. (NO)