Fouls and Misconduct (12) Online Training Script: Welcome to U.S. Soccer’s online training for the Grade 8 Referee Course. Training for this course is specific to preparing officials for the competitive youth game. This presentation focuses on Law 12 – Fouls and Misconduct. U.S. Soccer Federation Referee Program Grade 8 Referee Course Competitive Youth Training

Overview Fouls Direct free kick fouls Indirect free kick fouls Misconduct Cautionable offenses Sending-off offenses Online Training Script: The Law 12 presentation is separated into two sections. The first part provides information on fouls and the second section specifically deals with misconduct. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Part 1 – Fouls Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Fouls Committed By a player On the field of play While the ball is in play Against an opponent Online Training Script: The following conditions must be met for an offense to be considered a foul. It must be committed by a player. It must occur on the field of play. It must occur while the ball is in play. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Details to Remember How do we know if it’s a foul? If in the opinion of the referee … What about a thrown object? Considered an extension of the hand Throwing object at person same as hitting them Throwing object at ball (with contact) is handling The “foul” occurs where the object strikes Online Training Script: The following conditions must be met for an offense to be considered a foul. It must be committed by a player. It must occur on the field of play. It must occur while the ball is in play. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

The “CREF” Fouls Careless, reckless, excessive force Kicks or attempts to kick an opponent Trips of attempts to trip an opponent Jumps at an opponent Charges an opponent Strikes or attempts to strike an opponent Pushes an opponent Tackles an opponent Online Training Script: The first category of fouls is direct free kick fouls. There are ten direct free kick fouls and the first seven are awarded to the opposing team if a player commits any of the following offenses in a manner considered by the referee to be careless, reckless or using excessive force. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Careless Player has shown a lack of attention or consideration when making a challenge or acted without precaution No further disciplinary sanction is needed if a foul is judged to be careless Online Training Script: It is important to distinguish between the terms careless, reckless, and excessive force when discussing the first seven direct free kick fouls. Careless means that the player has shown a lack of attention or consideration when making a challenge or that he or she acted without precaution. No further disciplinary sanction is needed if a foul is judged to be careless. Note that all instances of kicking, striking or attempting to do either, should be considered as careless at a minimum. Kicking and striking fouls are more likely to be reckless or using excessive force, than careless, so referees should be mindful of this when dealing with fouls of this nature. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Pop Quiz When can a foul occur? During the halftime interval During the period immediately before and after the match When the ball is in play All of the above Online Training Script: The second group of indirect free kick fouls are specific to the goalkeeper and include. Controlling the ball with his or her hands for more than six seconds. Touching the ball again with his or her hands after releasing it, before touching another player. Touching the ball with his or hers hands after it has been deliberately kicked by a teammate. Touching the ball with his or her hands after receiving it directly from a throw-in by teammate. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Reckless Player has acted with disregard to the danger to, or consequences for, opponent Must be cautioned and issued a yellow card Online Training Script: Reckless means that the player has acted with disregard to the danger to, or consequences for, his or her opponent. A player who plays in a reckless manner must be cautioned and shown a yellow card. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Excessive Force Player has far exceeded the necessary use of force and is in danger of injuring opponent Must be sent off and issued a red card Online Training Script: Using excessive force means that the player has far exceeded the necessary use of force, is in danger of injuring his or her opponent, or has acted without regard for the opponent’s safety. A player who uses excessive force must be sent off and shown a red card. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Kicking (or attempt) Online Training Script: Kicking or attempting to kick. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Tripping (or attempt) NO FOUL Online Training Script: Tripping or attempting to trip. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Jumping At Online Training Script: Jumping at an opponent. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Charging Online Training Script: Charging. The act of charging is a challenge for space using physical contact within playing distance of the ball without using arms or elbows. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Striking (or attempt) Online Training Script: Striking or attempting to strike. Striking can be performed by direct contact using hands, arms, elbows, head, or knees, or by throwing any object, including the ball. Striking as a foul occurs where contact is made with the opponent or where contact would have been made if the attempt to strike is unsuccessful. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Pop Quiz Who can commit a foul? Players Substitutes Substituted players All of the above Online Training Script: The second group of indirect free kick fouls are specific to the goalkeeper and include. Controlling the ball with his or her hands for more than six seconds. Touching the ball again with his or her hands after releasing it, before touching another player. Touching the ball with his or hers hands after it has been deliberately kicked by a teammate. Touching the ball with his or her hands after receiving it directly from a throw-in by teammate. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Pushing Online Training Script: Pushing. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Tackling Online Training Script: And tackling. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Yes, even if it was an accident “Always” Fouls Yes, even if it was an accident Online Training Script: The remaining three direct free kick fouls do not have the careless, reckless, or excessive force criteria as seen with the first seven direct free kick fouls. A direct free kick is awarded to the opposing team if a player commits any of the following three offences. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Holding Online Training Script: Holding. This includes holding any part of an opponent’s body or uniform. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Spitting at opponent Online Training Script: Spitting. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Deliberate Handling Online Training Script: And deliberate handling. Unlike all other direct free kick fouls, note that deliberate handling is committed against the opposing team, not against a specific opponent. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

This is deliberate handling HANDBALL is not a foul This is deliberate handling This is a handball Online Training Script: And deliberate handling. Unlike all other direct free kick fouls, note that deliberate handling is committed against the opposing team, not against a specific opponent. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Handling Deliberate act of a player making contact with the ball with hand or arm How do we know? Deliberate action “Deliberate – not “intentional” Hand not in “normal” playing position “Normal” doesn’t mean “normal for this person” Continues initially accidental contact “Ball hits hand” and then hand is used to direct it Classroom Instructor Talking Points: Have a “brief” discussion of the difference between “deliberate” and “intentional” – we don’t need to determine that the player’s action was intentional. Merely that there was a deliberate movement of the hand that resulted in contact with the ball. Normal playing position means normal among the entire population. If a player “normally” runs with his hands stretched above his head, that’s not a defense. He doesn’t get an advantage because of an unusual running style. Continuing accidental contact – hand moves and directs the ball somewhere. More than just a normal “bounce” off of the hand.

The Reality of Deliberate Handling It’s the “cause” not the “result” If contact NOT deliberate, “gaining an advantage” doesn’t make it a foul! “Self-protection” is allowed. Distance from ball Speed of ball Normal reaction vs. deliberate handling Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points: Make it clear that “gaining an advantage” does not make non-deliberate contact a foul. If the ball accidentally strikes a player’s hand, drops to his foot, and is kicked into the goal, it’s a goal. A lucky goal, but a goal nonetheless. Players can protect themselves from harm, whether during dynamic play or when standing in a wall. During dynamic play we should consider things like the speed of the ball, distance between the ball and the player, etc. Was it an involuntary reaction of self-preservation, or did the player have time to do something different? In a wall, girls will generally protect their chest and boys will protect their groin. If the hands are there and the ball hits them, no foul. But we need to watch for secondary movement – if the hand is used to direct the ball, it becomes a deliberate action.

Remember …. Goalkeepers outside of the penalty area No special rights Deliberate handling is still a DFK foul! Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points: Make it clear that “gaining an advantage” does not make non-deliberate contact a foul. If the ball accidentally strikes a player’s hand, drops to his foot, and is kicked into the goal, it’s a goal. A lucky goal, but a goal nonetheless. Players can protect themselves from harm, whether during dynamic play or when standing in a wall. During dynamic play we should consider things like the speed of the ball, distance between the ball and the player, etc. Was it an involuntary reaction of self-preservation, or did the player have time to do something different? In a wall, girls will generally protect their chest and boys will protect their groin. If the hands are there and the ball hits them, no foul. But we need to watch for secondary movement – if the hand is used to direct the ball, it becomes a deliberate action.

Pop Quiz Where can a foul occur? In the technical area On the field of play In the spectator area ‘a’ and ‘b’ above, but not ‘c’ Online Training Script: The second group of indirect free kick fouls are specific to the goalkeeper and include. Controlling the ball with his or her hands for more than six seconds. Touching the ball again with his or her hands after releasing it, before touching another player. Touching the ball with his or hers hands after it has been deliberately kicked by a teammate. Touching the ball with his or her hands after receiving it directly from a throw-in by teammate. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Restarts for DFK fouls Direct free kick Taken from location of offense Inside own goal area Taken anywhere in the area Penalty kick Direct free kick foul in own penalty area Penalty mark Online Training Script: A direct free kick is taken from the place where the offense occurred with two exceptions. A direct kick that is awarded in a team’s own goal area may be taken from any point inside the goal area. A penalty kick is awarded if any of the ten direct free kick fouls are committed by a player inside his or her own penalty area, regardless of the position of the ball, provided it is in play. Note that if a player strikes someone by throwing an object, the location of the foul is where the person was struck, not the location of the person that threw the object. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

8 Indirect Free Kick Fouls Online Training Script: Indirect free kick fouls are also separated into two groups. There are four fouls committed by field players and four fouls specifically committed by a goalkeeper. This first group includes: Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Six Second Rule Classroom Instructor Talking Points: Discuss when goalkeeper is in control of ball – i.e. When do we start “counting” Don’t count out loud Use common sense Warn goalkeeper before awarding an IFK

Using Hands Twice Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Deliberately Kicked Classroom Instructor Talking Points: Three elements must be present: Deliberate Kick GK uses hands The “deliberate kick” doesn’t necessarily have to be intended to go to the goalkeeper. One way to describe it is that “the kicker meant for the ball to go where it went.” So a deflection isn’t deliberate. An attempt to clear the ball that results in a “wild” kick probably isn’t deliberate. Advise officials that if they are “sure” that the kick was deliberate, it’s a foul. If they have to think about it too much, they should probably let play continue.

Throw-in from Teammate Classroom Instructor Talking Points: Remind them that the GK may use hands on a throw-in that comes from an opponent.

Pop Quiz Under the Laws of the Game, it is a foul for a player to strike: The referee A player from the opposing team A teammate All of the above Online Training Script: The second group of indirect free kick fouls are specific to the goalkeeper and include. Controlling the ball with his or her hands for more than six seconds. Touching the ball again with his or her hands after releasing it, before touching another player. Touching the ball with his or hers hands after it has been deliberately kicked by a teammate. Touching the ball with his or her hands after receiving it directly from a throw-in by teammate. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Dangerous Play Online Training Script: Playing dangerously. An action is considered dangerous play when an opponent is adversely or unfairly affected, usually by the opponent ceasing to challenge for the ball in order to avoid receiving or causing injury as a result of the action. When determining dangerous play, referees should also take into account the experience and skill level of the players. Competitive youth players who are more skilled and experienced may be more likely to accept the danger of an act and continue playing compared to younger players at the small sided and recreational level. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Impeding (Formerly “Obstruction”) Online Training Script: Impeding the progress of an opponent. This means that a player has moved to obstruct or interfere the path of an opponent. Impeding also requires that the ball not be within playing distance and physical contact between the players is normally absent. In these cases, physical contact often results in a offense punishable by a direct free kick being committed by one of the players. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Within playing distance of the ball Shielding or Impeding? Within playing distance of the ball Online Training Script: Impeding the progress of an opponent. This means that a player has moved to obstruct or interfere the path of an opponent. Impeding also requires that the ball not be within playing distance and physical contact between the players is normally absent. In these cases, physical contact often results in a offense punishable by a direct free kick being committed by one of the players. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

From Releasing the Ball Preventing GK From Releasing the Ball Online Training Script: Preventing the goalkeeper from releasing the ball with his or her hands. This also includes interfering with a goalkeeper who is punting or drop kicking the ball. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Other Offenses Play is stopped to issue a yellow or red card to a player on the field of play during play IFK to opponent at location of misconduct Online Training Script: If play is stopped solely for misconduct for which a yellow or red card will be given, the restart is an indirect free kick, provided the misconduct was committed by a player on the field during play. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Free Kick Location An indirect free kick is taken from the place where the offense occurred In defensive goal area Kick may be taken from any point inside In attacking goal area Kick taken on goal area line parallel to goal line at point nearest to where foul occurred Online Training Script: An indirect free kick is taken from the place where the offense occurred but there are a few exceptions. A indirect kick that is awarded in the defensive goal area may be taken from any point inside the goal area. An indirect free kick that is awarded to the attackers inside the opposing team’s goal area must be taken on the goal area line parallel to the goal line at the point nearest to where the infringement occurred. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Part 2 – Misconduct 7 7 Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Misconduct Caution Yellow card Send off Red card Only applies to Players Substitutes Substituted Players Online Training Script: Unlike the specific requirements for a foul, misconduct can occur at any time, including before and after the game, on or off the field, while the ball is in play or not, committed by persons other than players, and not necessarily against opponents. The referee has the authority to take action against players guilty of misconduct. The referee’s authority to take disciplinary sanctions begins from the moment he or she arrives at the field until he or she leaves. The yellow card is used to communicate that a player or substitute has been cautioned. The red card is used to communicate that a player or substitute has been sent off. Only a player or substitute may be shown a yellow or red card. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Cautionable Offenses Online Training Script: Unlike the specific requirements for a foul, misconduct can occur at any time, including before and after the game, on or off the field, while the ball is in play or not, committed by persons other than players, and not necessarily against opponents. The referee has the authority to take action against players guilty of misconduct. The referee’s authority to take disciplinary sanctions begins from the moment he or she arrives at the field until he or she leaves. The yellow card is used to communicate that a player or substitute has been cautioned. The red card is used to communicate that a player or substitute has been sent off. Only a player or substitute may be shown a yellow or red card. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Leaves Field w/o Permission Classroom Instructor Talking Points: Not something we will normally concern ourselves with. It doesn’t apply to players who leave the field in the normal course of play. But if a player steps off the field in an effort to place an opponent in an offside position, that’s a case where we should caution. Excludes “Normal Course of Play” (Think “offside”)

field without permission Enters or re-enters field without permission Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Fails to Respect Distance Free Kick – 10 yards Corner Kick – 10 yards Throw-in – 2 yards Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Delaying the restart of play Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Persistent infringement Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Dissent by word or action The Three P’s Public Personal Provocative Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Unsporting Behavior Reckless challenge Tactical foul Diving Faking an injury Removing jersey in celebration Taunting Got on my nerves Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Substitutes Cautions to substitutes should be classified only as: Dissent by word or action, Unsporting behavior, or Delaying restart of play Online Training Script: Of the seven reasons to caution for players on the field, there are only three that apply to substitutes. A good way for officials to remember the three cautionable offenses for substitutes is with the acronym DUD. A substitute is cautioned if he or she commits any of the following three offences. Dissent by word or action, unsporting behavior and delaying the restart of play Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Sending-off Offenses Online Training Script: There are seven reasons to send-off players or substitutes. According to the Laws of the Game, a player or substitute who has been sent off must leave the vicinity of the field of play and the technical area. However, some leagues and events may allow sent off individuals to remain at the field so it’s important for referee to know the local rules of competition. If this issue is not addressed by the local rules of competition, U.S. Soccer recommends that referees allow youth players to remain with their team to be supervised by an adult team official, so long as they act in a responsible manner. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Serious Foul Play Serious Foul Play Meets four criteria for foul Challenging for ball Excessive force – well beyond “norm” Any tackle that endangers the safety of an opponent MUST be sanctioned as serious foul play. Online Training Script: In order to issue a red card for serious foul play, all of the criteria associated with a foul must be present. This means that it must be committed by a player against an opponent, on the field, and while the ball is in play. If any of these criteria have not been met, that doesn’t mean that a red card isn’t justified, it just means that the misconduct would be reported for another reason. A player is guilty of serious foul play if he or she uses excessive force or brutality against an opponent when challenging for the ball when it is in play. A tackle that endangers the safety of an opponent must also be sanctioned as serious foul play. Any player who lunges at an opponent in challenging for the ball from the front, from the side or from behind using one or both legs, with excessive force and endangering the safety of an opponent is guilty of serious foul play. Advantage should not be applied in situations involving serious foul play unless there is a clear opportunity to immediately score a goal. The referee must send off the player guilty of serious foul play when the ball is next out of play. A player who is guilty of serious foul play should be sent off and play is restarted with a direct free kick from the position where the offense occurred or a penalty kick if the offense occurred inside the offender’s penalty area. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

VC Violent conduct Excessive force or brutality against any other person Ball in or out of play On or off field Online Training Script: A player is guilty of violent conduct if he or she uses excessive force, brutality or violence under any circumstances, other than serious foul play, against anyone, at any time, with the ball in or out of play, or on or off the field. Advantage should not be applied in situations involving violent conduct unless there is a clear opportunity to immediately score a goal. In this rare occurrence, the referee must send off the player guilty of violent conduct when the ball is next out of play. Referees are reminded that violent conduct often leads to mass confrontation and other problems, therefore they must be proactive and timely when dealing with violent conduct misconduct. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Offensive, insulting or abusive language Language that is completely inappropriate Can be directed at anyone Remember the 3 P’s? Zero tolerance for discriminatory or racist comments. Always send them off. Classroom Instructor Talking Points: Referees need to use lots of common sense for this one. Emotions can get carried away and players may say things that are inappropriate … but do they rise to the level of being “offensive, insulting or abusive” to a degree that we want to send them off? Consideration of the 3 P’s is appropriate – Personal, Public and Provocative

Spitting at another person Spitting at an opponent or any other person Might be a foul Always misconduct What about the word “at” Leaves room for “accidental” Permits sanction even if they “miss” Classroom Instructor Talking Points: If the four criteria for a foul are present, spitting at an opponent is both a foul and misconduct. If all of those criteria are NOT present, spitting at another person is STILL misconduct. The restart is an IFK to the opposing team at the location where the spit hit (or would have hit) “Spitting at” someone indicates that there must be some sort of recognition by the spitter. Players spit on the field and on the bench. The referee has to be certain that the player was “spitting at” that person. If a player spits at another person and “misses”, they have still committed misconduct because they spit at another person.

Denying an obvious goal scoring opportunity by use of the hand Denying goal scoring opportunity with hand Does not apply to goalkeeper within own penalty area Online Training Script: There are two sending off offenses that deal with denying an opponent an obvious opportunity to score a goal. Denying the opposing team a goal or an obvious goal scoring opportunity by deliberately handling the ball is the first. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

DOGSO Deny an obvious goal scoring opportunity by free kick or penalty kick foul Defenders Distance to goal Distance to ball Direction of play Online Training Script: In order for a player or substitute to be sent off for denying an obvious goal scoring opportunity by an offense punishable by a free kick or a penalty, four elements must be present. The number of defenders, not more than one defender, between the foul and the goal, not counting the defender who committed the foul. Distance to goal, the closer the foul is to the goal, the more likely it is an obvious goal scoring opportunity. Distance to ball, the attacker must have been close enough to the ball at the time of the foul to continue playing the ball. Direction of play, the attacker must have been moving toward the goal at the time the foul was committed. If any element is missing, there can be no send off for denying an obvious goal scoring opportunity. Further, the presence of each of these elements must be deemed by the referee as obvious in order for the send-off to be appropriate. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Second Caution Player/Substitute receives 2nd caution in same match First show yellow card Then show red card Online Training Script: A player or substitute who receives a second caution must first be shown the yellow card for the second caution and then shown the red card for the sending-off offense. The second caution leading to the dismissal from the field can occur at any time during the match, including the half time interval, additional periods of play, and kicks from the penalty mark. The two cautions can be received at any time, including before, during, or after the match. In some cases, two cautions can also be issued during the same stoppage. The accepted procedure is to display the cards in sequence, not at the same time. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Restarts can get confusing … Did we stop for a foul? Did we stop just for misconduct? Did we stop for a different reason? Where did it happen? Who did it?

On the Field Misconduct on the field of play Play stopped for misconduct Indirect free kick Play stopped for a foul Free kick based on foul committed Play already stopped Restart based on original reason for stoppage Online Training Script: In addition to knowing what actions should result in misconduct, referees must also know how to restart play after issuing a card. If play was stopped solely to deal with misconduct committed on the field of play, the proper restart is an indirect free kick from the location of the misconduct. If play was stopped for a foul, and the referee decided to issue a card for misconduct, play is resumed according to the type of foul committed. If misconduct occurs during a stoppage, the restart is determined by the original reason for the stoppage. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Off the Field Misconduct off the field of play Player left field during normal play Dropped ball Player left field to commit misconduct Indirect free kick Play stopped for misconduct from substitute Online Training Script: If a player has left the field during the normal course of play and commit misconduct, play is restarted with a dropped ball from the location of the ball when play was stopped. If a player leaves the field for the purpose of committing misconduct, play is resumed with an indirect free kick from the location of the ball when play was stopped. If play is stopped to deal with misconduct committed off the field of play by a substitute or substituted player, play is restarted with a dropped ball from the location of the ball when play was stopped. Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Review Question What should the referee do if a player commits persistent infringement? Caution and show the player a yellow card Send off and show the player a red card Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Review Question What should the referee do if a player tackles an opponent using excessive force? Caution and show the player a yellow card Send off and show the player a red card Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Review Question What should the referee do if an opponent fails to respect the required distance during a throw-in? Caution and show the player a yellow card Send off and show the player a red card Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Review Question How should the referee restart play if a player carelessly kicks an opponent in the center circle? Dropped ball Indirect free kick Direct free kick Penalty kick Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Review Question What should the referee do if a player, who has already been cautioned and who is not the goalkeeper, punches the ball to deny an obvious goal scoring opportunity while standing in his or her own penalty area? Show the player a second yellow card and then issue a red card Send off the player and issue a red card Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Review Question How should the referee restart play if a player commits a careless tackle on his or her own penalty area line? Dropped ball Indirect free kick Direct free kick Penalty kick Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Review Question How should the referee restart play if a goalkeeper plays the ball with his or her hands in the penalty area after it has been deliberately kicked by a teammate? Dropped ball Indirect free kick Direct free kick Penalty kick Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Review Question How should the referee restart play if a goalkeeper’s hands and the ball completely cross the penalty area line into the penalty arc while holding the ball? Dropped ball Indirect free kick Direct free kick Penalty kick Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points:

Review Question How should the referee restart play if a player commits an impeding offense inside his or her own penalty area? Dropped ball Indirect free kick Direct free kick Penalty kick Online Training Script: Classroom Instructor Talking Points: