referencing MLA Adapted from: St. Joan of Arc Resource Library 1

Guidelines for citing sources o Document ALL sources that are used o List author by last name, first name o Any work that you use must be citing (or else risk PLAGIARISM) o Alphabetize and double-space your list o Do not number the list o Do not divide into categories o Use reliable, current (within the last 10 years) and quality sources o Use a range of sources o Start first line at the margin and indent subsequent lines 1 TAB or 5 spaces o Place at the END of your written work 2

Embedded notes o Place in brackets immediately following the reference o Include the author’s last name and page number o If no author, use shortened title of work o If more than one work by an author, use shortened title o Must be included in Works Cited list 3

Book by a single author Author’s name (last name, first name). Title of the book. Place of publication: Name of Publisher, Year of publication. EXAMPLE: Lawrence, Mike. The Complete DIY Manual. London: Anness, EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Lawrence, 145) 4

Books by 2+ authors Author’s names (last name, first name), give them the order as on the title page. Reverse the name of the first author, add a comma and give the other name or names in standard form. Title of the book. Place of publication: Name of Publisher, Year of publication. EXAMPLE: Dickinson, John A. And Brian Young. A Short History of Quebec. 2 nd Ed. Toronto: Copp Clark, EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Dickinson and Young, 57) 5

dictionary “Word”, Title of Dictionary. Edition. Year. EXAMPLE: “Drachma”, The New Lexicon Webster’s Encyclopedic Dictionary of the English Language. Canadian Edition EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (New Lexicon, 282) 6

bible Title. Editor, Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. EXAMPLE: Good News Bible. Today’s English Version, 2 nd Ed. New York: Catholic Bible Press, EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Good News Bible, Isaiah 2: 1-3) 7

Encyclopedia article, author known Author(s)’s names (last name, first name). “Title of the Article”. Title of the Encyclopedia. Place of publication: Name of Publisher, Year of publication. EXAMPLE: Cooper, Kenneth S. “Renaissance.” The New Book of Knewledge. Deluxe Library Edition EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Cooper, 156) 8

Encyclopedia article, author unknown “Title of the Article”. Title of Encyclopedia. Place of publication: Name of Publisher, Year of publication. EXAMPLE: “Aging and Ability”. The Marshall Cavendish Encyclopedia of Personal Relationships EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (“Aging and Ability”) 9

Encyclopedia article on cd-rom “Title of the Article”. Title of Encyclopedia. CD-Rom. Place: Company. Year. EXAMPLE: “Ontario”. Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia. CD-Rom. Maryland: Softkey Multimedia, Inc EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (“Ontario”) 10

Newspaper or magazine article Author (Last Name, First Name). “Title of the Article”. Newspaper. Date, edition: section or pages. EXAMPLE: Laghi, Brian. “Chretien calls abuse in China ‘disturbing’”. Globe and Mail. 15 Feb 2001, early ed.: A1 EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Laghi, A1) 11

Journal article Author (Last Name, First Name). “Title of the Article”. Title of Journal. Edition (year): pages. EXAMPLE: O’Reilly, Thomas. “Proprietorship of Pixels”. Law Now. December 2000/January 2001: EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (O’Reilly, 15) 12

Personal interview Name of Person interviewed. Type of Interview. Interviewer’s name, Date. EXAMPLE: Smethers, David. Taped personal interview. Joseph Kerry, 10 Feb EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Smeathers) 13

Interview on television or radio Name of Person interviewed. “Title of Interview”. If the interview is untitled, use Interview, neither underlined nor quotes. Network. Call letters of station, Location. Date of broadcast. EXAMPLE: Hart, Mary and Bob Gohen. Interview with Larry King. Larry King Live. CNN, New York City. 15 Feb EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Hart) 14

On-line database (ex. Government documents) Name of government. Title of the database. Name of the editor (if given). Version number, Date of publication or latest update, name of sponsoring organization. Date of access and network address. EXAMPLE: Ontario. E-Stat. Statistics Canada Feb 2001: EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Ontario) 15

Internet: world wide web Author (last name, first name). “Title of item searched.” Name of sponsoring organization. Date of access and URL address. EXAMPLE: Rosensweig, Brahm. “Destruction”. Discovery Channel (Online) 15 Feb EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Rosensweig) 16

Writer (last name, first name). “Title of message.” Description of message, include recipient name. Date of message. EXAMPLE: Davidson, Paul. “Resources”. to author, Karen Smith. 5 Feb EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Davidson) 17

sirs Author (last name, first name). “Title of article.” Magazine or Journal. Publication date: pages. Publisher. Date of access. URL address. EXAMPLE: Nicholas, Bill. “Clinton Presidency Marked by Contradictions.” USA Today. 11 Jan 2001: pp.8A – 9A. SIRS Knowledge Source. 15 Feb EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Nicholas) 18

cbc news in review “Title of episode.” Title of the Program. Name of the Network. Broadcast Date. EXAMPLE: “Urban Garbage: Landfill or Recycle.” News in Review. CBC. December, EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Urban Garbage) 19

video Title. Director. Writer(s). Performers. Producer. Distributor, year of release. EXAMPLE: Contact. Dir. Robert Zemeckis. Perf. Jodie Foster and Matthew McConaughey. Warner Bros., EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Contact) 20

pamphlet Title of Pamphlet. Place: Publisher, (estimated date of publication). EXAMPLE: Britain Companion Factfile. London: British Tourist Authority, EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Britain) 21

lecture Name of Lecturer (Last, First). Class Lecture. Title of the Lecture. Institution sponsoring/hosting the lecture, location. Date of the lecture. EXAMPLE: Mazzulli, N. Class Lecture. Introduction to MLA Referencing. Fr. Michael McGivney Catholic Academy, Markham, ON. 4 Sept EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Mazzuli, Lecture) 22