Blood Borne Pathogens UNIVERSITY of N ORTHERN C OLORADO

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Blood Borne Pathogens Risk of Exposure Risk of Exposure Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Hepatitis E HIV - Human Immunodeficiency Virus AIDSMRSA

Hepatitis ‘A’ & ‘E’ Viruses Both can cause Liver Disease Both can cause Liver Disease No Chronic (Long-Term) infection No Chronic (Long-Term) infection Usually spread from person to person Usually spread from person to person Best protection is good hygiene Best protection is good hygiene

Hepatitis ‘B’ & ‘C’ Viruses Both Cause Liver Cancer Disease Both Cause Liver Cancer Disease Estimated 4.45 million chronically infected with at least one Disease in America Estimated 4.45 million chronically infected with at least one Disease in America New infections are declining each year New infections are declining each year Best protection is good hygiene Best protection is good hygiene

Hepatitis ‘B’ & ‘C’ Viruses Transmission Blood from infected person enters body of non-infected person. Blood from infected person enters body of non-infected person. Needles and Syringes Needles and Syringes Blood transfusion Blood transfusion Infected mother to her baby at birth Infected mother to her baby at birth Having unprotected sex with an infected person Having unprotected sex with an infected person

Hepatitis ‘D’ Virus (HDV) A liver disease caused by the HDV. A liver disease caused by the HDV. Hepatitis D must have Hepatitis B to exist Hepatitis D must have Hepatitis B to exist HDV can acquire either as a co-infection (with Hepatitus B) or a super-infection in persons with chronic HBV Infection. HDV can acquire either as a co-infection (with Hepatitus B) or a super-infection in persons with chronic HBV Infection. May have a more severe acute disease or develop an acute liver failure. May have a more severe acute disease or develop an acute liver failure. Practice Good Hygiene. Practice Good Hygiene.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Attacks the body’s immune system Attacks the body’s immune system Many infected live normal lives Many infected live normal lives HIV can lead to AIDS HIV can lead to AIDS Causes of death related to HIV are declining Causes of death related to HIV are declining Cases of HIV infections have declined, but the risk is still VERY HIGH! Cases of HIV infections have declined, but the risk is still VERY HIGH! There is no cure for HIV or AIDS. There is no cure for HIV or AIDS.

What are some examples of good hygiene practices?

Good Hygiene Practices Proper sanitation Proper sanitation Always wash hands with soap and water Always wash hands with soap and water De-contaminate surfaces De-contaminate surfaces Always wear appropriate PPE Always wear appropriate PPE Disposable Gloves Disposable Gloves Clean-up Clean-up Disposable Gloves Disposable Gloves Safety Glasses Safety Glasses Cleaner / Equipment Used Cleaner / Equipment Used Follow proper procedures/guidelines Follow proper procedures/guidelines

Risk Factors for exposure Assisting injured or ill employee’s/students/athletes Assisting injured or ill employee’s/students/athletes Cleaning up bodily fluids (blood) Cleaning up bodily fluids (blood) Accidental needle punctures Accidental needle punctures Cuts from sharp objects (contaminated) Cuts from sharp objects (contaminated) Ingestion Ingestion

How to get infected Through a break in your skin Through a break in your skin Cuts, abrasions, burns, dry skin, dermatitis Infected fluids come in contact with mucus membranes (nose, eyes, or mouth) Infected fluids come in contact with mucus membranes (nose, eyes, or mouth) Touching contaminated surfaces Touching contaminated surfaces Receiving a puncture with a contaminated item (needle, sharp) Receiving a puncture with a contaminated item (needle, sharp) Having unprotected sex with an infected person Having unprotected sex with an infected person

Wear proper gloves when handling any bodily fluids Wear proper gloves when handling any bodily fluids Wear Goggles or Safety Glasses during cleanup Wear Goggles or Safety Glasses during cleanup Avoid contact when you have open cuts Avoid contact when you have open cuts Make sanitation a priority Make sanitation a priority Follow proper procedures and guidelines Follow proper procedures and guidelines So you should always:

Clean-Up Guidelines for blood born pathogen spills Block off contaminated area Block off contaminated area Put on proper Personal Protection Equipement Put on proper Personal Protection Equipement Contain spill materials from spreading Contain spill materials from spreading Use proper disinfecting chemical in spray bottle, use enough to cover the spill. Use proper disinfecting chemical in spray bottle, use enough to cover the spill. Clean up spill from outside to inside Clean up spill from outside to inside –Hold contaminants well away from your body and clothing –Do not contaminate the outside of the disposal container / bag

Dispose of contaminated material in new bio- hazard bag (red bag). Dispose of contaminated material in new bio- hazard bag (red bag). After spill is cleaned up, clean or dispose of PPE in the red bio-hazardous bag. After spill is cleaned up, clean or dispose of PPE in the red bio-hazardous bag. Seal red bag and place in Seal red bag and place in bio-hazard containers. Thoroughly wash hands with Thoroughly wash hands with soap and water when clean-up is completed.

Blood Borne Pathogens Major Spill Guidelines In Case of a Major Blood Borne Pathogens Spill contact your supervisor immediately. In Case of a Major Blood Borne Pathogens Spill contact your supervisor immediately. The supervisor shall contact the UNC Police or the Environmental Health and Safety Dept. at for assistance. The supervisor shall contact the UNC Police or the Environmental Health and Safety Dept. at for assistance.

If Exposed – What Do You Do? Immediately flush the exposed area with water and clean any wound with soap and water. Immediately flush the exposed area with water and clean any wound with soap and water. Report it to your supervisor immediately Report it to your supervisor immediately Seek medical attention immediately. Seek medical attention immediately. The Doctor will require an immediate blood test and follow-up tests. The Doctor will require an immediate blood test and follow-up tests.

BE AWARE!!! ALWAYS take an extra minute to monitor any spill or possible contamination. ALWAYS take an extra minute to monitor any spill or possible contamination. Watch trash cans – Do NOT put hands or feet in a trash can to push the trash down!! Watch trash cans – Do NOT put hands or feet in a trash can to push the trash down!! Always wear Personal Protective Equipment Always wear Personal Protective Equipment Do NOT hesitate to contact your supervisor Do NOT hesitate to contact your supervisor

University of Northern Colorado Environmental Health & Safety or Call for questions or concerns! “Protect Yourself”