CONSEQUENCES OF JOB INSECURITY M. Gloria González-Morales Álvaro Frías Miguel Ángel Mañas* Amparo Caballer Valencia University *Almería University

INTRODUCTION Unpredictable economic situation Higher competitive standards Downsizing Mergers Acquisitions Other structural changes

INTRODUCTION INCREASED FEELINGS OF JOB INSECURITY (J.I.) This fenomenon will characterize modern labour life: NEED TO RESEARCH ON IT

JOB INSECURITY: DEFINITION Uncertainty about the future permanence of the job (Van Vuuren & Klandermans, 1990) Expectations about continuity in a job situation (Davy et al. 1997) Perception of a potential threat to continuity in the current job (Heany, Israel & House, 1994)

JOB INSECURITY: DEFINITION SUBJECTIVE PERCEPTION OF ANTICIPATION OF JOB LOSS

OUTCOMES AND J.I. (stressor) INDIVIDUALLY ORIENTED JOB/LIFE SATISFACTION WELL-BEING REACTIONS ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT PERFORMANCE ORGANIZATIONALLY ORIENTED

CONTRADICTORY FINDINGS LITERATURE REVIEW SHOWS DIRECT NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF JOB INSECURITY Reduced commitment, job satisfaction Ashford, Lee and Bobko, 1989 Well-being Hellgren, Sverke & Isaksson,1999 Distress Herriot, Zijlstra, Klandermans & Van Vuuren,1994 Unrelated to somatic complaints and performance Ashford, Lee and Bobko, 1989 Weak relation with turnover int, performance, commitment, physical health Sverke, Hellgrenn & Näswall, 2002 BUT NOT ALL THE STUDIES FIND THIS MAIN EFFECT

CONTRADICTORY FINDINGS OCCUPATIONAL GROUP THE RELATIONSHIP COULD BE MODERATED BY OTHER VARIABLES: OCCUPATIONAL GROUP (FEW STUDIES) NOT ALL OF THEM SUPPORT MODERATED EFFECTS performance and turnover More performance and turnover on manual workers Sverke, Hellgrenn & Näswall, 2002 Similar relationships for all occupational groups on well-being, psychological distress, anxiety and depression Herriot, Zijlstra, Klandermans & Van Vuuren,1994; De Witte; Orpen, 1993;

AIM JOB INSECURITY ORGANIZATIONAL / INDIVIDUAL OUTPUTS OUTPUTS HYPOTHESIS 1 JOB INSECURITY DIRECT WILL HAVE DIRECT EFFECTS ON INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL OUTPUTS OUTPUTS.

AIM JOB INSECURITY ORGANIZATIONAL / INDIVIDUAL OUTPUTS OUTPUTS OCCUPATIONALGROUP HYPOTHESIS 2 EFFECTS OF JOB INSECURITY WILL BE MODERATED BY OCCUPATIONAL GROUP GROUP.

METHOD Sample N = 385 – AGE – GENDER

METHOD Sample N = 385 – SECTORS – OCCUPATIONAL GROUP – CONTRACTUAL STATUS

METHOD Variables & Analysis INDEPENDENT VARIABLES JOB INSECURITY JOB INSECURITY OCCUPATIONAL GROUP: OCCUPATIONAL GROUP: – BLUE COLLAR WORKERS – WHITE COLLAR WORKERS – PROFESSIONAL-MANAGERS

METHOD Variables & Analysis DEPENDENT VARIABLES INDIVIDUAL OUTPUTS WELL-BEING WELL-BEING JOB SATISFACTION JOB SATISFACTION LIFE SATISFACTION LIFE SATISFACTION ORGANIZATIONAL OUTPUTS PERCEIVED PERFORMANCE PERCEIVED PERFORMANCE ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT

METHOD Variables & Analysis ANALYSIS HIERARQUICHAL REGRESSION ANALYSIS

RESULTS: WELL-BEING JOB INSECURITY WELL-BEING OCCUPATIONAL GROUP PERMANENT DEPT. STORE

RESULTS: JOB SATISFACTION JOB INSECURITY JOB SATISFACTION OCCUPATIONAL GROUP PERMANENT AGE

RESULTS: JOB SATISFACTION

RESULTS: LIFE SATISFACTION JOB INSECURITY LIFE SATISFACTION OCCUPATIONAL GROUP AGE DEPT. STORE

RESULTS: PERCEIVED PERFORMANCE JOB INSECURITY PERCEIVED PERFORMANCE OCCUPATIONAL GROUP PERMANENT HEALTH CARE DEPT. STORE GENDER

RESULTS: PERCEIVED PERFORMANCE

RESULTS: ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT JOB INSECURITY ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT PERMANENT HEALTH CARE DEPT. STORE OCCUPATIONAL GROUP

CONCLUSION DIRECT JOB INSECURITY HAS DIRECT EFFECTS ON: INDIVIDUAL OUTPUTS WELL-BEING WELL-BEING JOB SATISFACTION JOB SATISFACTION LIFE SATISFACTION LIFE SATISFACTION ORGANIZATIONAL OUTPUTS PERCEIVED PERFORMANCE PERCEIVED PERFORMANCE ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT

CONCLUSION JOB INSECURITY EFFECTS MODERATED MODERATED BY OCCUP. GROUP ON: INDIVIDUAL OUTPUTS JOB SATISFACTION JOB SATISFACTION ORGANIZATIONAL OUTPUTS PERCEIVED PERFORMANCE PERCEIVED PERFORMANCE THERE ARE NOT JOB INSECURITY EFFECTS MODERATED MODERATED ON: INDIVIDUAL OUTPUTS LIFE SATISFACTION LIFE SATISFACTION WELLBEING WELLBEING ORGANIZATIONAL OUTPUTS ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT

CONCLUSION PERCEIVED PERFORMANCE STRONGER EFFECTS OF JOB INSECURITY ON BLUE COLLAR WORKERS JOB SATISFACTION STRONGER EFFECTS OF J.I. ON WHITE COLLAR AND BLUE COLLAR WORKERS

THANKS… ANY QUESTIONS?