Penny Whistle

The Morning Dew – Traditional IRISH Woodwind family The Chieftains (performers) Basically a metal tube with holes in it Originally cost one penny Originated in Ireland late 19 th century

English Horn

Woodwind family Concerto di Arjuinez by Rodrigo Double Reed Between Oboe and Bassoon Used in Orchestras and Concert Bands Usually played by an Oboe Player (doubling)

Bagpipes

Woodwind Family Enclosed Single Reed Weapons of War Scotland the Brave – traditional SCOTTISH Blow air into bag Air moved across reed by squeezing bag PENTATONIC instrument – only FIVE notes possible Usually in the key of B-flat

Harmonica

Woodwind Family Single Metal Reed Black Orpheus – Louis Bonfa (from movie) aka “A Day In The Life Of A Fool” Blow air through small chambers to produce different notes Push button on the side to shift up one half step (chromatic harmonica) Come in a variety of sizes and keys

Contrabassoon

Woodwind Family Double Reed Largest (commonly used) WW instrument Variations on “The Happy Farmer” by Robert Schumann Usually doubled by a bassoon player Used in orchestras and concert bands Sounds one octave lower than bassoon

Snare Drum

Percussion Family Connecticut Halftime (traditional) Two Heads Signaling Instrument in war Snare across the bottom head (metal, rope, gut)

Timbales

Percussion Family El Rey Del Timbal (King of Timbales) Tito Puente Single Head on top of drum Always come in pairs Used in Latin Music Originated in Africa – now known as a CUBAN instrument

Steel Pan Drums

Percussion Family Doh Back Back – traditional Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago Made from Oil Drums (leftover from WWII and oil drilling rigs – washed up on beach) Usually played in large choirs (orchestras) Tenors, Leads, Seconds, Guitars, Basses

Marimba

Percussion Family Concerto for Marimba – Rosauro Bars made of Rosewood Played with 2, 4, or 6 mallets Standard CONCERT MARIMBA 4.3 octaves (up to 5.5 octaves) Originated in africa

Timpani

Percussion Family Concerto for Timpani – William Kraft Used in Orchestras and Concert Bands Played with mallets (soft to hard) Tuned with pedals – tighten or loosen head Heads are large (23”, 26”, 29”, 32”) Typically come in sets of Four drums Copper kettle with hoop stretched over head

Ukulele

String Family While My Guitar Gently Weeps by George Harrison (Jake Shimambukuro performer) “Jumping Flea” Hawaiian instrument (originated in Portugal) Four strings (nylon) Four Sizes – Soprano (standard), Concert, Tenor, Baritone

Bouzouki

String Family Greek Instrument “Near the Sea” – traditional Greek Four (doubled) strings Tetrachordo Originated in Asia Minor (Turkey) – came to greece in early 20 th Century Teardrop Shaped body

Harp

String Family Concert or Pedal Harp (47 strings standard) Concerto for Harp by Handel Seven Pedals adjust all strings by one half-step (per pedal) Strings color coded for ease of playing Played by plucking strings

Banjo

String Family Moto Perpetuo (Perpetual Motion) by Niccolo Paganini Five Strings (sometimes 4 or 6) Stretched head across Round body (no central sound hole) Used in folk music Originated in Africa

Classical guitar

Classical Guitar String Family Etude No. 1 – Villa-Lobos Six Strings Most classical guitar literature is Spanish Hollow wooden body Wider neck Usually nylon strings Played by plucking rather than strumming