THE END OF MEDIEVAL EUROPE 1
THE MAIN EVENT(S) The Black Death ( ) The Hundred Years War ( ) The Great Schism ( ) The Crusades ( ) 2
THE BLACK DEATH Lasted from Cause: Rats with fleas carrying the bubonic plague entered Europe from Asia on trading ships Killed 25 Million people in Europe (1/3 of the population) Bodies buried in mass graves 3
BUBONIC PLAGUE DON’T WRITE THIS DOWN Symptoms: Swollen lymph nodes Chills High Fever Seizures Kills in about 4 days 4
THE BLAME GAME People came up with many “explanations” for why the plague occurred 2 Main “Explanations” Jews poisoned the wells God was punishing sinful ways 5
RESULTS The peoples’ faith in God was shaken The church lost some of its power Peasants lives improved Created labor shortage Workers could demand higher wages Some peasants granted freedom in exchange for labor 6
THE HUNDRED YEARS WAR Actually lasted 116 years ( ) Between England & France Cause: The French king died with no heir to his throne. The King of England attempts to claim the French throne. 7
WHAT HAPPENED? Didn’t actually fight continuously for 100 years Actually a series of conflicts between the 2 groups Each king developed a standing army of foot soldiers New weapons were created English Longbow Gunpowder & cannons (from Asia) 8
JOAN OF ARC Young French woman Rallied French troops around the heir to the throne Drove English out of Orleans Eventually captured & burned at the steak 9
THE RESULTS ARE IN... Royal power in both countries strengthened Both developed greater national pride No real winner France held its ground, but didn’t gain anything England didn’t gain anything 10
THE GREAT SCHISM Disputes between the Pope & Europe’s secular kings Kings wanted to: Appoint bishops, who controlled vast areas of land Try priests in royal courts Tax church lands The Pope resisted 11
THE CAUSE 1305 – French Pope elected & moves Papacy to Avignon, France 1378 – Italian Pope elected & returns Papacy to Rome French Cardinals claim the election was unfair, and elect a 2 nd Pope who was French 12
THE RESULTS Schism (split) greatly weakened the church 1409 – Church Council elects 3 rd Pope Makes things worse 1417 – New Church Council Deposes all 3 Popes Elects new Pope (only 1) Church’s prestige already greatly weakened 13
ESSENTIAL QUESTION What were the causes & effects of the end of Medieval Europe? 14