In Erasmus’s The Praise of Folly, 1.the ideal society could only be found in the New World 2.the Christian faith was purified by reform movements 3.officials were elected by popular vote and there was no monarchy 4.societal and religious corruption were criticized in a humorous fashion 5.power and fame served as the motivating forces for human behavior

Indulgences were 1.mentioned prominently in the Bible 2.used by both Protestant and Catholic priests 3.a necessary prerequisite for justification of faith 4.offered by the Lutherans 5.addressed in the Ninety- Five Theses

The Protestant Reformation is built upon the foundation of 1.good works and priestly authority 2.justification by faith and biblical authority 3.salvation by works and papal authority 4.regular confession of sin 5.the authority of the church

In the Peasants’ War of the mid-1520s, Martin Luther 1.supported the peasants in their uprising against their lords 2.ignored the revolts in hopes that they would soon go away 3.admired the peasants for challenging unjust rule 4.condemned the violent response of the German princes 5.called on German lords to restore order by any means

The Peace of Augsburg in 1555 guaranteed the right of 1.each German ruler to determine the faith of his subjects 2.each German citizen to choose between either Catholicism or Lutheranism 3.the Catholic Church to complete religious hegemony in Italy 4.the Lutheran Church to complete religious hegemony in Germany 5.religious freedom for all German citizens

The Anabaptists of the sixteenth century 1.believed in the authority of each congregation’s church elders to make all decisions 2.appealed to the state for protection against radical fringe groups 3.celebrated the Lord’s Supper in the evening in private homes 4.sought public office so as to forward righteous political causes 5.promoted reforms that appealed to Protestant and Catholic authorities

The theology of John Calvin emphasized all of the following except the 1.Lutheran doctrine of justification by faith alone 2.complete and absolute sovereignty of God 3.spiritual presence of Jesus in the Last Supper 4.helplessness of man to circumvent the laws of predestination 5.importance of accumulating wealth to prove one’s virtue

Henry VIII 1.maintained a strong friendship with Thomas More 2.refused to recognize the supremacy of the pope 3.abolished the Church of England 4.always wanted his daughter Elizabeth to rule England 5.never sought legislation from Parliament to legitimize his actions

The final decrees of the Council of Trent 1.approved a “Protestant” doctrine of justification 2.made compromises with Protestants virtually impossible 3.called for the establishment of Catholic seminaries in all Protestant lands 4.let Catholics decide individually whether to accept transubstantiation 5.allowed the Lutheran church to reconcile with the Catholic church

Transubstantiation 1.is Catholic doctrine that taught the bread and wine miraculously changed into the Eucharist, which is the body and blood of Jesus 2.was the Catholic version of justification by faith 3.was Lutheranism’s separation from the Catholic church 4.maintained the variances of church doctrine between the Anabaptists and other Protestant groups 5.was the act of excommunication from the Lutheran church of those who maintained Catholic tradition

The French Wars of Religion were prompted by all of the following except 1.fear among the monarchies of the growth of Calvinism 2.a desire among towns and provinces to gain more power 3.a desire to bring about religious harmony among Catholics and Huguenots 4.a desire to maintain Catholic religious dominance within France 5.fear among the monarchies of the appeal of Calvinism to the French nobility

Among the earliest and most consistent goals of Spain’s King Philip II was a 1.firm determination to keep all his subjects Catholic 2.commitment to allow more local authority in the various parts of his empire 3.search for a body of competent advisors to supervise his overseas possessions 4.wish to marry Elizabeth of England and consolidate his kingdom with her kingdom 5.desire to spread religious toleration throughout all of his possessions

_____ tried to ensure England would remain a Catholic country. 1.Mary, the daughter of Henry VIII 2.Elizabeth, the daughter of Henry VIII 3.Ulrich Zwingli 4.Thomas Cranmer 5.Thomas Cromwell

Elizabeth pursued religious policies that sought to 1.affirm the goal of Edward VI to make the English Church Protestant 2.ban any of Edward’s or Mary’s children from inheriting the throne 3.antagonize Catholics and radical Protestants 4.acknowledge the son of Mary Queen of Scotland as Elizabeth’s heir 5.ensure long-term political and religious stability

During the reign of Elizabeth, the Puritan movement involved 1.Catholics who wanted to cleanse the Anglican Church 2.Anabaptists who wanted to reform the Church of England 3.Protestants who wanted to establish a new church 4.Protestants who wanted to cleanse the Anglican Church 5.reformers who wanted to remove the queen